Laparoscopic cholecystectomy using ultrasonically activated coagulating shears

A 4-year-old girl with bilateral striatal oedema in association with an echovirus type 21 infection is reported. In the course of a prolonged upper respiratory-tract infection, the patient developed muscular hypotonia, resting tremor, ataxia, sleepiness, hyperaesthesia, and indistinct speech. T2-weighted cranial MRI revealed bilateral oedema of the basal ganglia and the cerebellar peduncles. At follow-up after 3 months MRI changes and clinical symptoms had fully resolved.     

Early strabismus surgery for thyroid ophthalmopathy

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether strabismus surgery during active thyroid ophthalmopathy is beneficial for selected patients. DESIGN: Case series. PARTICIPANTS: Eight patients with severe restrictive strabismus due to thyroid ophthalmopathy underwent early strabismus surgery and were followed for a minimum of 16 months after their initial surgery. INTERVENTION: All eight patients underwent strabismus surgery while their thyroid ophthalmopathy was evolving. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Success was determined by the ability to fuse in the primary position at distance and near without an abnormal head position, and the absence of vision-threatening complications related to strabismus surgery. RESULTS: All eight patients achieved successful long-term alignment. Four patients (50%) required more than one operation. CONCLUSIONS: Strabismus surgery during active thyroid ophthalmopathy can result in long-term stable alignment and may be a useful alternative in selected patients with marked disability due to thyroid ophthalmopathy.     

Hypoparathyroidism--presenting 40 years after thyroid surgery

BACKGROUND: Latanoprost represents a new therapeutic option in the treatment of chronic open angle glaucoma. It has only recently been reported for the first time that latanoprost caused cystoid macular edema in pseudophakic patients. CASE REPORT: A 60-year-old pseudophakic patient who suffered from a 10-year history of glaucoma, revealed a cystoid macular edema on fluorescence angiography after 10 days of treatment with latanoprost. One week after cessation of latanoprost therapy the cystoid edema in fluorescence angiography had resolved and the vision improved from 0.4 to 0.8. CONCLUSIONS: With respect to this severe complication, latanoprost should be used with great care and in clear indications, particularly in patients with risk of blood-aqueous leakage e.g. pseudophakic patients.     

钢板探伤缺陷的分析

文章根据多年的实践经验，总结了几种钢板常见探伤缺陷的波型特征，分析了缺陷的成因，并提出了解决探伤问题的工艺措施。     

The role of drainage and antibiotic prophylaxis in thyroid surgery

BACKGROUND: It is our habit to employ an open drainage after thyroid surgery in our department. We have also found a large number of surgical infections in these patients (5.8% vs 2.5). Aim of the study is to evaluate prospectively if contamination happens during surgical procedure or in a later time according to the presence of the open drainage. METHODS: From October 1995 to November 1996, 113 patients who underwent a subtotal thyroidectomy were randomized into two groups: group A with antibiotic prophylaxis (57 patients) and group B without it (56 patients). RESULTS: One case (1.7%) of sepsis among 57 patients of group A and 2 cases (3.4%) among 56 patients of group B were observed. CONCLUSIONS: No statistical difference was found between the two groups despite antibiotic prophylaxis covering surgical procedure. It is personal opinion that sepsis arose after surgical procedure, due to the presence of the open drainage.     

Minimization of shears for pencil glide in body-centered cubic crystals

The mathematical solution for the distribution of shears over the four available slip vectors in bcc metals with pencil glide is obtained for an arbitrary plastic strain, using Taylor’s minimum principle. In general there are eight solutions. Four solutions always exist, each being based on the assertion that at least one slip vector is inactive. In the other four solutions all slip vectors are active, but a simple constraint makes some or all of these solutions invalid. The absolute minimum in the total shear can be selected after determination of all eight solutions. An example is given to illustrate the results. The rotation in orientation during slip is determined for all solutions.     

Minimization of shears for pencil glide in body-centered cubic crystals

The mathematical solution for the distribution of shears over the four available slip vectors in bcc metals with pencil glide is obtained for an arbitrary plastic strain, using Taylor’s minimum principle. In general there are eight solutions. Four solutions always exist, each being based on the assertion that at least one slip vector is inactive. In the other four solutions all slip vectors are active, but a simple constraint makes some or all of these solutions invalid. The absolute minimum in the total shear can be selected after determination of all eight solutions. An example is given to illustrate the results. The rotation in orientation during slip is determined for all solutions.