喷雾干燥塔的计算机辅助设计及可靠性分析

本文在详细分析喷雾干燥塔结构、原理及主要技术性能的基础上，运用计算机辅助设计、机械最优化设计及机械可靠性分析等手段对其进行设计和分析，包括喷雾干燥塔主要技术参数数据库管理系统、喷雾干燥塔塔体参数化设计、喷雾干燥塔塔体最优化设计、喷雾干燥塔可靠性分析等方面的内容。结果表明：上述的现代设计方法是实用、准确和可靠的。     

专家门诊

关于喷雾干燥塔等问题的答疑1、我公司的新喷雾干燥塔，在使用过程中出现塔的一半粉料过干，另一半过湿的现象，不知是何原因？答：本问题的根本原因在于喷雾干燥塔的塔顶的分风器安装水平未调整好，一边的热风多，另一边的热风少，导致加工出来的粉料一边干，一边湿。重新安装调整分风器即可。2、我公司在年终例行检修设备时发现，喷雾干燥塔的筒体靠塔顶部分的不锈钢衬板发生严重锈蚀，不知是什么原因？答：喷雾干燥塔的内衬板出现锈蚀的现象，基本上可以说是所选不锈钢材料不合理造成。一般喷雾干燥塔的高温段应选用Cr18Ni9Ti系不锈钢…     

喷雾干燥塔节能新措施

本文从燃料、机械、减水剂等方面．对陶瓷喷雾干燥塔的节能问题进行了阐述，通过采取不同的技术措施，可大幅度降低喷雾干燥塔的能源消耗。     

浅谈喷雾干燥塔的节能措施

主要从干燥介质、喷雾干燥塔自身结构及陶瓷泥浆的性质等几方面讨论了喷雾干燥塔节能途径,总结了喷雾干燥塔常用的节能措施.     

从热平衡测试结果看喷雾干燥塔节能

本文结合喷雾干燥塔热平衡测试数据，分析了通过提高泥浆浓度、改善泥浆性能、提高进塔热风温度、合理控制操作条件、降低烟气带走热量等几种手段，来提高喷雾干燥塔的热效率。     

喷雾干燥塔操作工艺分析

对喷雾干燥塔的粘塔，跑粉等现象，通过理论分析，使问题得以解决。     

过热高浓度磷酸一铵溶液逆流喷雾干燥数学模型

研究了影响粉状磷酸一铵喷雾干燥的各种主要因素；建立了喷雾干燥塔工程放大的数学模型，为研究气流式喷雾干燥或实际应用提供了技术基础。     

浅谈喷雾干燥塔热煤气系统的温度调节及操作

依据实际生产情况探讨了稳定喷雾干燥塔粉料水分的措施，配置自动连续加煤机构，采用调速或调闸方式控制产气量，选定合适而稳定的煤种，加强运行操作等措施对稳定喷雾干燥塔粉料水分起到显著作用。     

喷雾干燥塔节能新措施

本文从燃料，机械，减水剂等方面，对陶瓷喷雾干燥的节能问题进行了阐述，通过采取不同的技术措施，可大幅度降低喷雾干燥塔的能源消耗。     

喷雾干燥塔改造情况小结

喷雾干燥塔是我厂三聚磷酸钠生产过程中的主要设备之一,喷雾干燥塔运行的好坏,将直接影响到产品的产量和质量。几年来,我们对喷雾干燥塔进行摸索改造,产品产量逐年增加,去年已超过设计能力;产品质量不断上升,使用效果明显,经济效益高。我厂的喷雾干燥塔由离心喷雾器,热风道,塔体三大部分组成。一九七八年建成并进行试生产。现将近几年来使用改造情况小结如下:     

Calpain inhibitor nanocrystals prepared using Nano Spray Dryer B-90

ABSTRACT: The Nano Spray Dryer B-90 offers a new, simple and alternative approach for the production of drug nanocrystals. Among attractive drugs, calpain inhibitor that inhibits programmed cell death "apoptosis" is candidate for curing apoptosis-mediated intractable disease such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. In this study, the preparation of calpain inhibitor nanocrystals by Nano Spray Dryer B-90 was demonstrated. The particle sizes were controlled by means of selecting mesh aperture sizes. The obtained average particle sizes were in the ranges of around 300 nm to submicron meter.     

A Novel Laboratory-Scale Spray Dryer to Produce Nanoparticles

This paper reviews the advances in nanoparticle spray drying performed in a laboratory environment and with the Nano Spray Dryer B-90, which was introduced by BUCHI Labortechnik AG in 2009. Special regard will be paid to relevant published works. The technological novelty of the patented Nano Spray Dryer B-90 lies in the gentle laminar drying flow, the vibrating mesh spray technology, and the highly efficient electrostatic particle collector.

Recent studies prove the successful use of this spray dryer for a variety of drug delivery applications, such as poorly soluble drugs (e.g., griseofulvin, furosemide), enzymes (e.g., galactosidase), proteins (bovine serum albumin, whey protein), amino acids (e.g., leucine), polysaccharides (e.g., trehalose, lactose), salts, encapsulation of nano-emulsions in polymeric wall materials, as well as materials science applications (e.g., battery-grade lithium carbonate).

The Nano Spray Dryer B-90 makes it possible to produce spray-dried particles in the submicron scale and to create tiny particles of down to only 350–500 nm. In contrast to traditional laboratory-scale spray dryers, it can achieve uniquely high yields of up to 94% for powder amounts down to the milligram scale (e.g., 3.0–500 mg).     

Staubarme Pulver durch Sprühtrocknen – Erfahrungen mit neueren Techniken

Dustless powders by spray drying – Experience with new techniques . Old drying plant with rotary- or nozzle-atomizer of conventional construction produce more or less fine, dusty powder. Increasingly, there is a demand for dustless powders. A knowledge of the parameters which influence the size of the particles and the experience gained in the drying of various products was the basis for the evolution of a new spray dryer capable of producing even dustless powder. Many trials in this new spray dryer, called the FSD (Fluidized Spray Dryer) show that the powder meets all requirements. Moreover, this spray dryer will save energy and is more gently to the product by working at lower outlet temperatures.     

Influence of spray-drying operating conditions on Rhamnus purshiana (Cáscara sagrada) extract powder physical properties

The aim of this work was to study Rhamnus purshiana (Cáscara sagrada) extract spray-drying in order to obtain powders with good rheological properties for direct compression (DC) and stability attributes.The experiments were carried out in a Büchi B-290 Mini Spray Dryer using colloidal silicon dioxide as carrier agent. A 2^5 − 1 fractional factorial statistical design was used to find adequate spray-drying operating conditions to produce Cáscara sagrada powders with good flow, good compactability properties, high process yield, low moisture content, low hygroscopicity, and caking tendency. Morphology, size, structural and thermal properties of the particles were also evaluated. The operating variables studied were air inlet temperature, atomization air flow rate, pump feed rate, aspiration capacity, and feed solids concentration.The 2^5 − 1 factorial experimental design used was a good strategy to establish spray-drying operating conditions to produce Cáscara sagrada extract powders with good properties for direct compression and high process yields. Colloidal silicon dioxide was an effective drying adjuvant. Its use in relatively high concentrations together with low atomization air flow rates improved powder flowability, increased the product's glass transition temperature, and decreased its moisture content and hygroscopicity.     

PERFORMANCE OF SPRAY DRYER WITH INTEGRATED FILTER AND FLUID BED

Spray dryers featuring a fluid bed integrated into the base of a spray drying chamber have proved one of the most significant developments introduced into industry during the last decade, producing dust-free particulates under low product temperature conditions. The latest design development involves all particulate collection and exhaust air cleaning within the drying chamber with the use of integrated metallic filter elements (with CIP capability). This eliminates handling of fines outside the drying chamber and simplifies the exhaust air system contributing to lower pressure drop losses and lower overall energy consumption. This paper describes the performance of a pilot plant sized spray dryer featuring a drying chamber with both integrated particulate filters and fluid bed. Various products were tested. The results showed that the placing of particulate filters inside the drying chamber does not adversely affect the agglomeration process and that the powder quality compared with that achieved in a standard Fluidized Spray Dryer can be reproduced in this new design concept, with every possibility for improved quality due to no powder handling outside the drying chamber. The work also showed that by containing the powder within the drying chamber, notable operational advantages are apparent and that scale-up of the design concept represents no apparent difficulties.     

ZKY-01型箱式木材真空干燥机及干燥工艺的试验研究

介绍了ZKY-01型箱式木材真空干燥机的结构，采用浮压手段对榆木和酸枝木进行真空干燥试验。试验结果表明，ZKY-01型箱式木材真空干燥机的干燥效果与常规干燥相比，干燥速度大大提高，其干燥时间仅为常规干燥时间的15％左右；干燥质量好，没有发生端裂、表裂与变形等干燥缺陷；被干锯材的应力试片其齿条基本通直，应力指标为0．42％-0．76％。箱式木材真空干燥机具有一定的发展潜力。     

Spray Drying of Aqueous Salbutamol Sulfate Solutions Using the Nano Spray Dryer B-90—The Impact of Process Parameters on Particle Size

In order to prepare spherical salbutamol sulfate particles of adjustable size, a Nano Spray Dryer B-90 was employed. A 3³ full-factorial design was used to investigate the influence of process parameters (mesh size, feed concentration, and drying air temperature) on particle size (median size and width of the particle size distribution), amount of product produced per time, and product yield. The median particle size was significantly influenced by all three factors of the statistical design. Within the design space studied, particle sizes of 1.0 to 6.4 µm were obtained. The width of the particle size distribution (span) increased with increasing mesh sizes. All particles with a particle size greater than 2.4 µm showed a bimodal particle size distribution. Generally, larger mesh sizes as well as higher concentrations led to an increase in the amount of product prepared per time. The corresponding values observed were from 0.4 to 75.8 mg/min. The product yield was independent of the process parameters studied. All products were amorphous after spray drying and were stable up to a relative humidity of 60% at a temperature of 25°C.     

Optimization of nano spray drying parameters for production of α-amylase nanopowder for biotheraputic applications using factorial design

Abstract

This study was designed to optimize the effect of operating conditions and formulation parameters using various additives to develop α-amylase nanoparticles. α-Amylase was chosen due to its importance in the substantial number of industrial processing with emphasis on pharmaceutical industry. Factorial statistical design was adopted to effectively optimize the size, yield value, residual enzyme activity, and morphology of α-amylase nanoparticles using Nano Spray Dryer BÜCHI B-90. The physicochemical characterization of the prepared nanopowder was carried out using zetasizer and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and enzyme activity assay. Results showed that the type of additive and mesh size significantly influenced the particles size and yield value. SEM images showed three different structure patterns where particle morphology was influenced by Tween^® 80 or sucrose at low concentration (0.05%). Optimized spherical nanoparticles (600?nm) was obtained using 7 µm mesh cap size, sucrose (0.15%), 95% yield value, drying flow rate (100?L/min), and inlet temperature of 80?°C. Higher storage stability was detected for enzyme spray-dried using larger cap size. It was concluded that nano spray drying of aqueous enzyme solution under determined operating conditions produced stable α-amylase powders. This would extend the application of the enzyme in a variety of pharmaceutical products.     

SAT与SST在半导体清洗工艺中的应用

针对芯片制造商对设备低投入高产出的要求,介绍了能将多种工艺集成在一起的工作台SAT（喷酸系统）与SST（喷雾溶剂系统）,详细介绍了其工作原理及特点,并与清洗机＋甩干机传统清洗及刻蚀方式进行了详细对比,根据厂商实际使用效果,可以看出这两种集成工作台可以有效降低成本,提高生产效率。     

Rapid and efficient sprayed multilayer films for controlled drug delivery

The speed and scalability of film fabrication can dictate the translation of technologies from the laboratory scale to industrial level mass production. Spray‐assisted layer‐by‐layer (LbL) film assembly enables the rapid coating of geometrically complex and porous substrates with functional polyelectrolyte multilayers. Unfortunately, the encapsulation efficiency can be as low as one percent, making this technique prohibitively costly with even modestly priced materials. Herein, we used containment chambers to separately capture the aerosolized solutions for each step in the spray‐LbL process and analyzed the effect of recycling on multilayer film assembly. With potential biomedical applications, we studied the controlled release films of (Poly 2/heparin/lysozyme/heparin)_n films and tracked the distribution of lysozyme after film assembly. In a “Conventional” Spray‐LbL protocol, only 6% of the aerosolized lysozyme is incorporated into the film. By collecting and returning the expended solutions to their respective reservoirs (Recycle Spray‐LbL), we increased this efficiency to 15%. We also tuned the final distribution of lysozyme by adjusting the spray times (Optimized Spray‐LbL), which minimized the amount of lysozyme lost to non‐specific adsorption and reduced the fraction of lysozyme lost to the wash step from 30% and 75% (Conventional and Recycle Spray‐LbL, respectively) to 13%. Despite the changes in film assembly parameters, each film demonstrated similar controlled release properties. With the inherent limitations of time and cost facing Dip and Conventional Spray‐LbL technologies, respectively, the implementation of recycling to the latter demonstrates improvements in efficiency and time that may make it more attractive for the manufacture of biomedical coatings. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2016 , 133, 43563.