Previous experience disrupts atropine-induced stereotyped "trapping" in rats.

[Correction Notice: An erratum for this article was reported in Vol 100(2) of Behavioral Neuroscience (see record 2008-10952-001). Three lines were erroneously repeated. In the first paragraph on p. 1138, the third sentence should read as follows: "Further, at the high doses that result in stereotypic trapping there are reliable changes in both cortical and hippocampal activity (Schallert et al., 1980; Shoham, Chen, DeVietti, & Teitelbaum, 1985; Vanderwolf, 1975)."] Three experiments with 64 Long-Evans hooded rats investigated atropine-induced stereotypic trapping reported by T. Schallert et al (see record 1981-07548-001). Exps I–II showed that such trapping was disrupted by previous experience with the specific trapping task or the test context alone. Exp III showed that, in response to the test context, specific behaviors were altered in Ss that were experienced with the context. Inexperienced Ss treated with intraperitoneal atropine (60 mg/kg) moved slowly and showed a strong thigmotaxis to surfaces with the body, particularly the snout. The hindquarters did not cooperate well with the movements of the forequarters. In contrast, atropine-treated Ss familiar with the context moved with medium-speed, coordinated movements, and showed a reduced tendency for surface contact with body and snout. These reactions of drugged Ss were exaggerated forms of those of undrugged Ss to the unfamiliar and familiar context, respectively. Results indicate that stereotypic trapping develops as a consequence of an interaction between the adaptive responses of the rat to a novel environment and atropine. (37 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Space-time behavior of single and bimanual rhythmical movements: Data and limit cycle model": Correction to Kay et al.

Reports an error in "Space–time behavior of single and bimanual rhythmical movements: Data and limit cycle model" by B. A. Kay, J. A. Kelso, E. L. Saltzman and G. Sch?ner (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1987[May], Vol 13[2], 178-192). In the aforementioned article, there was an error in Equation A3 of Appendix A. The corrected equation is provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1987-23926-001.) Earlier findings for human cyclical movements were consistent with a nonlinear, limit cycle oscillator model (Kelso, Holt, Rubin, & Kugler, 1981) although no detailed modeling was performed at that time. In the present study, kinematic data were sampled at 200 samples/second, and a detailed analysis of movement amplitude, frequency, peak velocity, and relative phase was performed. As frequency was scaled from 1 to 6 Hz (in steps of 1 Hz) using a pacing metronome, amplitude dropped inversely and peak velocity increased. Within a frequency condition, the movement's amplitude scaled directly with its peak velocity. These diverse kinematic behaviors were modeled explicitly in terms of low-dimensional (nonlinear) dissipative dynamics, with linear stiffness as the only control parameter. Data and model are shown to compare favorably. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Neurobehavioral and life-quality changes after cerebral revascularization": Correction to Baird et al.

Reports an error in "Neurobehavioral and life-quality changes after cerebral revascularization" by Anne Dull Baird, James I. Ausman, Fernando G. Diaz, Manuel Dujovny, Kenneth M. Adams and Mark W. Shatz (Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1988[Feb], Vol 56[1], 148-151). The authors' names were incorrectly ordered. The correct order is as follows: Anne Dull Baird, Kenneth M. Adams, Mark W. Shatz, James I. Ausman, Fernando G. Diaz, and Manuel Dujovny. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1988-21086-001.) Neuropsychological and life-quality changes were studied 6 months after carotid endarterectomy, superficial temporal artery to middle cerebral artery bypass, multiple revascularization, and vertebrobasilar revascularization procedures. These changes were compared with those in patients with recent severe spinal complaints and in patients for whom revascularization was considered but not elected. Subjects were enrolled prospectively. We did not see statistically significant differences in neurobehavioral gains in patients undergoing cerebral revascularization versus those considered but not selected for surgery and versus patients with spinal complaints. Small sample size, marked intragroup variability, and lack of randomized subject assignments may have obscured modest-to-moderate treatment effects in some individuals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Effect of defining features on inhibition in a spatial localization task": Correction to Simone et al (1998).

Reports an error in "Effect of defining features on inhibition in a spatial localization task" by Patricia M. Simone, Elizabeth A. Carlisle and Eileen B. McCormick (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1998[Jun], Vol 24[3], 993-1005). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) main effects and interactions reported in the article were incorrect owing to an error in programming. Electronic mail requests for a table of corrected ANOVAs may be sent to psimone@scu.edu. Planned comparisons altered by the corrected analyses occur in the results of Experiments 2 and 4. The corrected results are presented in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1998-02354-022.) In selective attention tasks, inhibition appears to be limited to the reported feature of a stimulus, suggesting that reported features determine inhibition (S. P. Tipper, B. Weaver, & G. Houghton, see record 1995-20194-001). This article examines whether defining features can also determine inhibition when participants are required to make a cognitive search on the basis of a target feature (color or shape). In 2 spatial localization experiments in which a touch-sensitive monitor was used, results indicated that distractor inhibition depended on both defining and reported stimulus features. Two additional experiments examined the locus of discrepancy between these results and other findings (e.g., B. Milliken, S. R Tipper, & B. Weaver, see record 1994-35938-001). The researchers concluded that defining features can determine inhibition in a selective attention task involving spatial localization. However, defining-feature inhibition may depend on level of analysis of the stimuli. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Controlling teaching strategies: Undermining children's self-determination and performance": Correction to Flink et al.

Reports an error in "Controlling teaching strategies: Undermining children's self-determination and performance" by Cheryl Flink, Ann K. Boggiano and Marty Barrett (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1990[Nov], Vol 59[5], 916-924). In the article, Figure 1 on page 922 is labeled incorrectly. The labels in both the left and right panels of the figure should be reversed so that No Pressure Condition is the label for the broken lines and Pressure Condition is the label for the solid lines. The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1991-13808-001.) Examined the hypothesis that students would show performance impairment when they were exposed to teachers who were pressured to maximize student performance level and who used controlling strategies. For this purpose, 4th-grade teachers and their students participated in a field experiment in which teachers either were pressured to maximize student performance or were told simply to help their students learn. In addition, the teaching sessions were videotaped to assess teachers' use of controlling strategies, as rated by blind coders. Following the teaching sessions, student performance on tasks initially taught by teachers as well as on a generalization task was assessed by blind experimenters. As predicted, the data indicated that students evidenced performance impairment during the subsequent testing session only when they were exposed to pressured teachers using controlling strategies. Results are discussed within the context of self-determination theory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance": Correction to Fredrickson et al. (1998).

Reports an error in "That swimsuit becomes you: Sex differences in self-objectification, restrained eating, and math performance" by Barbara L. Fredrickson, Tomi-Ann Roberts, Stephanie M. Noll, Diane M. Quinn and Jean M. Twenge (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1998[Jul], Vol 75[1], 269-284). This article contains errors in the Participants sections. The corrected information is included in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1998-04530-020.) Objectification theory (B. L. Fredrickson & T Roberts, 1997) posits that American culture socializes women to adopt observers' perspectives on their physical selves. This self-objectification is hypothesized to (a) produce body shame, which in turn leads to restrained eating, and (b) consume attentional resources, which is manifested in diminished mental performance. Two experiments manipulated self-objectification by having participants try on a swimsuit or a sweater. Experiment 1 tested 72 women and found that self-objectification increased body shame, which in turn predicted restrained eating. Experiment 2 tested 42 women and 40 men and found that these effects on body shame and restrained eating replicated for women only. Additionally, self-objectification diminished math performance for women only. Discussion centers on the causes and consequences of objectifying women's bodies. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Clinical significance of psychotherapy for unipolar depression: A meta-analytic approach to social comparison": Correction to Nietzel et al.

Reports an error in "Clinical significance of psychotherapy for unipolar depression: A meta-analytic approach to social comparison" by Michael T. Nietzel, Robert L. Russell, Kelly A. Hemmings and Monica L. Gretter (Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 1987[Apr], Vol 55[2], 156-161). The data presented in Table 2 were incorrect because a row and a column were inadvertently omitted. The corrected Table 2 appears in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1987-28817-001.) This study used meta-analysis to study the clinical significance of psychotherapy for symptoms of unipolar depression. The following questions were addressed: How similar is the posttherapy adjustment of depressed adults to that of nondepressed adults? Is this adjustment maintained at follow-up? What dimensions of treatment, therapists, or design are associated with clinical significance? Using the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), we calculated composite BDI norms from 28 published studies. Sixty effect sizes (from 31 outcome studies utilizing the BDI) were calculated. The results indicated that psychotherapy produces outcomes that have moderate clinical significance and that are well-maintained at follow-up, that individual therapy is associated with greater clinical significance than group treatment, and that type of therapy is not related to improvement. Alternative approaches for operationalizing clinical significance as the return of individuals to normal levels of functioning are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Relation between mastery behavior in infancy and competence in early childhood": Correction to Messer et al.

Reports an error in "Relation between mastery behavior in infancy and competence in early childhood" by David J. Messer, Mary E. McCarthy, Susan McQuiston, Robert H. MacTurk, Leon J. Yarrow and Peter M. Vietze (Developmental Psychology, 1986[May], Vol 22[3], 366-372). In the article, an incorrect copyright note has been given. The copyright note has been corrected and is included in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1986-24138-001.) 53 infants were observed at 6 and 12 mo of age during 2 24-min play sessions. The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) were given at 6 and 12 mo and the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities (MSCA) at 30 mo of age. Results reveal that measures of competence in infancy (successful task completion during play and the BSID scores) were not strongly correlated with the 30-mo MSCA scores. In contrast, infant mastery behavior during play strongly predicted MSCA scores: The time spent investigating toys at 6 mo and persistence in solving tasks at 12 mo of age were behaviors significantly positively correlated with the MSCA scales. It is suggested that infant behaviors that predict later competence do not remain static but change with age and that infants' mastery behavior is a more effective predictor of later development than their competence with either toys or developmental tests. (23 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Differential involvement of the dorsal anterior cingulate and prelimbic-infralimbic areas of the rodent prefrontal cortex in spatial working memory": Correction to Ragozzino et al. (1998).

Reports an error in "Differential involvement of the dorsal anterior cingulate and prelimbic-infralimbic areas of the rodent prefrontal cortex in spatial working memory" by Michael E. Ragozzino, Spencer Adams and Raymond P. Kesner (Behavioral Neuroscience, 1998[Apr], Vol 112[2], 293-303). Figure 1 (page 295) and Figure 4 (page 299) were printed incorrectly. The corrected figure pages and corresponding captions are provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1998-01023-003.) The present study examined the effects of quinolinic acid lesions of the dorsal anterior cingulate and prelimbic-infralimbic cortices on spatial working memory and spatial discrimination using go/no-go procedures. All testing occurred in a 12-arm radial maze. In a working memory task, rats were allowed to enter 12 arms for a cereal reward. Three or 4 arms were presented for a 2nd time in a session, which did not result in a reward. In a spatial discrimination task, rats had successive access to 2 different arms. One arm always contained a reward, and the other never contained a reward. Prelimbic-infralimbic lesions impaired spatial working memory but only produced a transient spatial discrimination deficit. Dorsal anterior cingulate lesions did not induce a deficit in either task. These findings suggest that the prelimbic-infralimbic cortices, but not the anterior cingulate cortex, are important in spatial working memory. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Learning of physiological responses: I. Habituation, sensitization, and classical conditioning": Correction to Dworkin and Dworkin.

Reports an error in "Learning of physiological responses: I. Habituation, sensitization, and classical conditioning" by Barry R. Dworkin and Susan Dworkin (Behavioral Neuroscience, 1990[Apr], Vol 104[2], 298-319). In the article, on page 310, the denotations for paired (CS+) and unpaired (CS-) stimuli within Table 2 were missing. The corrected table is included in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1990-27779-001.) Rats with chronic neuromuscular block (NMB) maintained by continuous infusion of α-bungarotoxin were classically conditioned. All rats showed reliable discriminative-conditioned tibial nerve firing, hind limb vasoconstriction, hypertension, bradycardia, and electroencephalographic (EEG) desynchronization. A regression analysis indicated that the conditioned vasoconstriction was neither centrally mediated by, nor inextricably linked to, skeletal (tibial) nerve firing. Throughout the experiment there were normal blood gases, pH, Na, serum protein, hematocrit, blood pressure, heart rate, vasomotor tone, and tibial nerve activity. The vital signs, EEG spectra, and cortical evoked potentials reflected regular sleep–wakefulness cycles and responsiveness to mild stimuli. The NMB rat preparation with its stable physiological state and fully intact central nervous system (CNS) may be a useful model for a variety of physiological, medical, and neurobehavioral studies. [An erratum concerning missing data in Table 2 of this article will appear in Behavioral Neuroscience 1990, Vol 104(4)]. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Ocular fixation control as a function of age and exposure duration": Correction to Kosnik et al.

Reports an error in "Ocular fixation control as a function of age and exposure duration" by William Kosnik, Donald Kline, John Fikre and Robert Sekuler (Psychology and Aging, 1987[Sep], Vol 2[3], 302-305). In the aforementioned article, the following corrections should be made: 1. The title of Table 1 should be changed to Mean Bivariate Areas (min-arc2) and Mean Horizontal and Vertical Standard Deviations (min-arc) of Fixations of Older and Younger Groups. 2. The equation on page 304 should have used the natural log rather than the log base 10. The corrected equation is provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1988-01066-001.) In previous work we reported that fixation stability did not deteriorate in older adults over relatively long viewing durations. In the present study we reanalyzed the data to examine potential aging effects on fixational control for viewing durations typically used in psychological experimentation. Monocular eye movements were recorded in 12 older and 12 younger observers using a dual Purkinje image technique, while observers fixated a stationary target. The two-dimensional scatter of eye positions was measured during nine viewing durations ranging from 100 ms to 12.8 s. Fixational control of the two groups was comparable at all of the viewing durations. Both younger and older observers were able to maintain fixation within an area several times smaller than the size of the fovea. Implications for aging studies that use briefly presented visual stimuli are discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Collective induction: Social combination and sequential transition": Correction to Laughlin and Futoran.

Reports an error in "Collective induction: Social combination and sequential transition" by Patrick R. Laughlin and Gail C. Futoran (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1985[Mar], Vol 48[3], 608-613). One sentence reads incorrectly on page 610. The correct sentence is provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1985-20078-001.) 240 undergraduates, as individuals and 4-person cooperative groups, attempted to induce a rule that partitioned a deck of standard playing cards into exemplars and nonexemplars. A trial consisted of (a) individual member hypotheses, (b) group hypothesis (omitted in individual conditions), (c) choice of any of the cards, and (d) feedback on the exemplar or nonexemplar status of the card. Ss were instructed to select cards to confirm or disconfirm the current hypothesis, or received no such instructions. Groups had significantly more correct final hypotheses, plausible final hypotheses, and overall plausible hypotheses than individuals. Performance was better for both individuals and groups under control instructions than either instructions to select cards to confirm or disconfirm hypotheses. Social combination analyses and sequential transition analyses indicated that the groups were remarkably able to recognize and adopt the correct hypothesis if and only if it was proposed by at least 1 group member on some trial. Thus, the superiority of collective induction over individual induction was due to superior hypothesis evaluation by groups rather than to superior hypothesis formation by groups. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Preexposure and extinction effects of lithium chloride induced taste-potentiated aversions for spatially contiguous auditory food cues in rats": Correction to Ellins and von Kluge (1987).

Reports an error in "Preexposure and extinction effects of lithium chloride induced taste-potentiated aversions for spatially contiguous auditory food cues in rats" by Stuart R. Ellins and Silvia von Kluge (Behavioral Neuroscience, 1987[Apr], Vol 101[2], 164-169). The aforementioned article contains errors in the last paragraph of the Results section, none of which change the results of the experiment. The corrected paragraph sections are provided in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1987-24095-001.) Taste potentiated illness-induced aversions for noisy food were studied in Sprague-Dawley rats. The rats ate from receptacles containing salty food and a contiguous tone produced by speakers under the food followed by lithium chloride injections. In preference tests, the rats then avoided noisy food in favor of quiet food followed by extinction and spontaneous recovery of the auditory aversion over repeated nonreinforced trials. Other rats were given either 4 or 10 days of exposure to the noisy food prior to taste-toxicosis treatment. None of these rats subsequently avoided noisy food. The importance of spatial contiguity and methodological variation in associating nongustatory food cues with illness is discussed. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Marital interaction and depression": Correction to Schmaling and Jacobson.

Reports an error in "Marital interaction and depression" by Karen B. Schmaling and Neil S. Jacobson (Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1990[Aug], Vol 99[3], 229-236). In this article, the measures in Table 1 were incorrectly listed. The third and fourth measures ought to read "Wife DAS" and "Husband DAS," respectively. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1991-01471-001.) In this article, patterns of marital interaction as a function of depression and marital satisfaction are examined. The purpose of the study was to separate dysfunctional marital interaction patterns that were unique to depression from those that were associated with marital distress. The presence or absence of a depressed wife was crossed with level of marital satisfaction (distressed or nondistressed) to produce four groups of subject couples. Couples in which the wife was depressed exhibited more depressive behavior than did nondepressed couples, but only during discussion of a high conflict (as opposed to neutral) topic. Sex?×?Depression Level?×?Marital Satisfaction interactions were found for aggressive behavior: Depressed women in nondistressed relationships exhibited behavior that was characteristic of maritally distressed couples (high rates of aggression). In contrast, the husbands of these women exhibited behavior that one would expect in happily married couples (low rates of aggression). We failed to replicate previous findings that depressive behavior served a coercive function, although distressed couples, regardless of depression status, exhibited all the usual signs of negative dysfunctional interaction. [An erratum for this article will appear in Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 1990 (Nov), Vol 99(4). The measures in Table 1 were incorrectly listed in the original article.] (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"How good is the evidence for a production deficiency among learning disabled students?": Correction to Shepherd et al.

Reports an error in "How good is the evidence for a production deficiency among learning disabled students" by Margaret J. Shepherd, Lynn M. Gelzheiser and Roberta A. Solar (Journal of Educational Psychology, 1985[Oct], Vol 77[5], 553-561). Figures 1 and 2 (p. 557 and 559, respectively) are reversed. The captions are correct, but Figure 1 should be above the caption for Figure 2 and Figure 2 should be above the caption for Figure 1. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1986-14779-001.) Investigated the spontaneous use of mnemonic strategies by learning disabled (LD) and non-LD children and adolescents to examine whether LD Ss can be distinguished from their non-LD peers on the basis of strategy use and recall. In Exp I, 105 LD and 105 non-LD 9-15 yr olds were administered a picture study/recall task, in which the strategies of interest were categorical organization during study and clustering during recall. In Exp II, 140 LD and 140 non-LD 11-17 yr olds were administered a paired-associate recall task, in which the strategy of interest was elaboration. In both studies, LD Ss earned lower mean recall scores than did the non-LD Ss. As a group, LD Ss did not differ from non-LD Ss in the use of categorical organization during study but showed less categorical clustering at recall. Fewer LD Ss used elaboration. Despite these differences, recall and strategy use were not useful predictors of classification as LD or non-LD and were only weak to moderate correlates of academic achievement. (24 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Acquisition of a complex place task in rats with selective ibotenate lesions of hippocampal formation: Combined lesions of subiculum and entorthinal cortex versus hippocampus": Correction.

Reports an error in "Acquisition of a complex place task in rats with selective ibotenate lesions of hippocampal formation: Combined lesions of subiculum and entorhinal cortex versus hippocampus" by John-Paul Bouffard and Leonard E. Jarrard (Behavioral Neuroscience, 1988[Dec], Vol 102[6], 828-834). This article's corresponding plate appears on page 995. The information should read, "Plate A. Photomicrographs of horizontal, cresyl violet stained sections at dorsal, middle, and ventral levels of the brain for an unoperated control rat (left), an animal from the Subiculum + Entorhinal lesion group (middle), and a rat from the hippocampus group (right)." (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1989-28756-001.) The effects of isolating the hippocampus from its neocortical inputs and outputs by damaging the deep layers of entorhinal cortex and subiculum were compared with direct removal of the hippocampus using acquisition of a complex radial maze task. A series of eight problems (four out of eight arms being correct) were learned under either massed (45 s) or distributed (10 min) practice conditions, thus varying contextual information. Performance of rats with subiculum/entorhinal cortex lesions was similar to that of controls in all aspects of the radial maze task; whereas animals with hippocampal lesions were impaired on nearly all dependent measures. Although the effects of varying the intertrial interval were generally small, distributed practice did serve to facilitate the performance of hippocampal rats in terms of working memory. These findings are discussed as they related to recent theorizing in the area. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Situational and transsituational determinants of adolescent self-feelings": Correction to Savin-Williams and Demo.

Reports an error in "Situational and transituational determinants of adolescent self-feelings" by Ritch C. Savin-Williams and David H. Demo (Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 1983[Apr], Vol 44[4], 824-833). In regards to the article, in a reanalysis of Savin-Williams and Demo's data, Schilling found that within-subject and between-subject effects in analysis of variance were not differentiated and that consequently several findings were in error. Details of the reanalysis and the corrected findings are included in the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1983-32498-001.) Employing a new self-report technique (paging devices), this study assessed the self-feelings of 35 adolescents (mean age 13.3 yrs) in various naturalistic contexts. Regression analysis was used to assess the stability of self-feelings. Ss fell into 3 groups: stable, oscillating, and unpredictable (the largest). For the sample as a whole, self-feelings were not influenced by the immediate context, although specific settings, activities, and others present within the contexts elicited various levels of self-feelings. More crucial for predicting the self-feelings were such enduring characteristics as sex, social class, pubertal maturation, stability group, birth order, and number of siblings. The authors argue for a baseline conceptualization of adolescent self-conception from which fluctuations occur. (44 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"What can we learn from the morphology of Hebrew? A masked-priming investigation of morphological representation": Correction to Frost et al. 1997.

Reports an error in "What can we learn from the morphology of Hebrew? A masked-priming investigation of morphological representation" by Ram Frost, Kenneth I. Forster and Avital Deutsch (Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1997[Jul], Vol 23[4], 829-856). On page 854, two Hebrew words are missing from Appendix F. The corrected Appendix appears with the erratum. (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 1997-05320-003.) All Hebrew words are composed of 2 interwoven morphemes: a triconsonantal root and a phonological word pattern. The lexical representations of these morphemic units were examined using masked priming. When primes and targets shared an identical word pattern, neither lexical decision nor naming of targets was facilitated. In contrast, root primes facilitated both lexical decisions and naming of target words that were derived from these roots. This priming effect proved to be independent of meaning similarity because no priming effects were found when primes and targets were semantically but not morphologically related. These results suggest that Hebrew roots are lexical units whereas word patterns are not. A working model of lexical organization in Hebrew is offered on the basis of these results. (A correction concerning this article appears in Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 1997, Vol 23(5), 1189-1191. On page 854 of the current issue, two Hebrew words are missing from Appendix F. The corrected Appendix appears in this correction.) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

"Experienced emotion and affect recognition in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder": Correction to Rapport et al. (2002).

Reports an error in "Experienced emotion and affect recognition in adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder" by Lisa J. Rapport, Sara L. Friedman, Angela Tzelepis and Amy Van Voorhis (Neuropsychology, 2002[Jan], Vol 16[1], 102-110). On Page 102, in the byline and in the author note, and on page 109 in the Rapport et al. (2001) reference, Sara Friedman's middle initial incorrectly reads "L." Her correct middle initial is "R." (The following abstract of the original article appeared in record 2002-00339-011.) Emotional competence and deficits that may disrupt interpersonal interactions were evaluated in 28 adults with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and 28 demographically equivalent controls. Participants completed tasks assessing affect recognition and experienced emotional intensity. Adults with ADHD performed worse in affect recognition than did adults without the disorder; however, the impairment was unrelated to gross perceptual processes, fundamental abilities in facial recognition, or attentional aspects of affect perception. Moreover, intensity of experienced emotion moderated affect recognition: Among controls, experienced emotion facilitated affect recognition. Among adults with ADHD, who reported significantly greater intensity, experienced emotion was inversely related to affect recognition. Results are consistent with theories of ADHD as a deficit in behavioral inhibition; yet, results may merely reflect a constellation of deficits associated with the disorder. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)