十二种桉树化学成分分析及其硫酸盐法制浆适宜性评价

桉树是一种重要的速生阔叶木,在全球广泛种植,主要用于制浆造纸企业。对十二种6年生桉树的化学成分、纤维形态,制浆造纸性能进行分析,评价它们的硫酸盐法制浆适宜性。十二种桉树在抽出物(6.1%~18.9%),木质素(21.6%~30.8%)和综纤维素(55.4%~70.1%)含量方面存在显著差异,化学成分的巨大差异导致了桉树不同的制浆得率(38.9%~49.8%)和脱木素程度(卡伯值11.6~24.2)。将这些结果与纤维形态、手抄纸性能综合考虑,蓝桉、卵叶桉、巨尾桉、柳桉、葡萄桉的硫酸盐法制浆适宜性最好。     

12种桉树化学成分分析及其硫酸盐法制浆适宜性评价

桉树是一种重要的速生阔叶木,在全球广泛种植,主要用于制浆造纸工业。对12种6年生桉树的化学成分、纤维形态,制浆造纸性能进行分析,评价它们的硫酸盐法制浆适宜性。12种桉树在抽出物(6.1%~18.9%)、木素(21.6%~30.8%)和综纤维素(55.4%~70.1%)含量方面存在显著差异,化学成分方面的巨大差异导致了桉树不同的制浆得率(38.9%~49.8%)和脱木素程度(卡伯值11.6~24.2)。将这些结果与纤维形态、手抄纸性能综合考虑,蓝桉、卵叶桉、巨尾桉、柳桉、葡萄桉的硫酸盐法制浆适宜性最好。     

竹柳与两种速生阔叶木的材性和制浆性能比较

对竹柳和毛白杨、巨尾桉三种速生阔叶材的原料化学组成、纤维特性和硫酸盐法制浆性能进行了研究。研究结果表明:竹柳的冷水抽出物、热水抽出物和1%NaOH抽出物含量均比毛白杨和巨尾桉高,灰分和苯醇抽出物含量比毛白杨低,但比巨尾桉高;竹柳的综纤维素含量低于毛白杨和巨尾桉,但聚戊糖含量相对较高,可以推断出竹柳的纤维素含量相对较低;竹柳的木素含量也相对较低。竹柳原料和其硫酸盐浆的纤维平均长度均比毛白杨和巨尾桉小,但纤维宽度和粗度介于毛白杨和巨尾桉之间。经硫酸盐法蒸煮后,竹柳纤维粗度下降到72.9μg/m。同时,竹柳的粗浆得率为50.80%,与毛白杨基本持平;竹柳未漂硫酸盐浆的物理性能略好于毛白杨和巨尾桉。     

预水解对硫酸盐蓝桉浆主要性质的影响性能的影响

进行了预水解硫酸盐蓝桉浆性能的研究。首先对蓝桉木片进行了5个级别的水预水解,然后对水预水解木片进行硫酸盐法蒸煮以得到3种不同卡伯值的硫酸盐蓝桉浆。实验从浆料组分、蒸煮条件、成浆卡伯值及得率、黏度、浆料纤维形态、浆料纤维表面性能及成纸主要强度性能等角度探讨了预水解对后续的硫酸盐法制浆的影响。结果表明,经过预水解的硫酸盐浆半纤维素含量从未预水解的21%~22%降到3%~4%,而纤维素含量从73%~75%增加到85%~90%。经过预水解的所有纸浆纤维长度均降低且纤维扭结指数大幅度增大。采用反相气相色谱分析法测出未预水解浆样和预水解120 min后制浆(成浆卡伯值为15)的浆样的表面能色散分量分别为30.8和34.9 mJ/m2。实验提出了2个模型方程来预估预水解中木片的质量损失和成浆卡伯值。     

蓝桉快速置换加热硫酸盐浆的漂白

1 前言 蓝桉是一种具有优良的制浆造纸性能的速生阔叶材种。快速置换加热 (RDH)硫酸盐法制浆与常规硫酸盐法制浆相比,具有能深度脱除木素、降低能耗、缩短蒸煮周期、提高生产能力、在黑液的预处理段能除去原料中的酸性物质及抽出物、木素和半纤维素的易溶部分使黑液中的残余有效碱得到更加有效的应用、蒸煮废液的固形物含量高而粘度低、有利于碱回收等一系列优点。因此,研究蓝桉的 RDH硫酸盐法制浆,对解决我国造纸工业中存在的原料结构不合理的矛盾,减少蒸煮废液对环境的污染,改进现有的蒸煮方法以生产出低能耗、高质量的纸浆等方面…     

楸树枝桠材硫酸盐法制浆的研究

对楸树3个无性系的两类径级枝桠材的硫酸盐化学法制浆及造纸性能进行了研究.研究结果表明:粗、细枝桠材硫酸盐法蒸煮最佳用碱量分别为21%和22%(以Na2O计).在此条件下蒸煮,可获得卡伯值为2l、纸浆得率分别为41%和34%的未漂化学浆.在相同的蒸煮工艺条件下,两类径级的楸树枝桠材硫酸盐法制浆性能表现出明显的差异.楸树3个无性系枝桠材硫酸盐法制浆性能差别不十分明显,在相同蒸煮条件下所得纸浆的卡伯值、纸浆得率和筛渣率相近.8401枝桠材硫酸盐浆相对较难漂白,8402和金丝楸硫酸盐浆的可漂性相对较好.     

热水预水解对杨木半纤维素提取及后续硫酸盐法制浆的影响

基于制浆造纸过程中的生物质精炼理念,利用热水预水解预先提取杨木木片中的半纤维素,然后对水解后的木片进行硫酸盐法蒸煮,探讨预水解因子（P因子）对半纤维素提取和后续硫酸盐法制浆的影响。研究结果表明,热水预水解对半纤维素的提取效果显著,且P因子可较好地控制预水解反应过程;预水解处理能提高后续硫酸盐法蒸煮脱木素的效果,降低蒸煮用碱量,但会增大后续浆料打浆难度,同时降低成纸的某些物理性能。综合考虑后续水解液的生物质利用和水解木片的硫酸盐法制浆,当P因子为608~1060时,水解液中的聚戊糖提取率为33.18%~35.31%,相应的预水解KP制浆得率为39.47%~37.12%;与未经热水预水解处理的对照样相比,热水预水解处理后浆料性能和黑液性能均较好。     

奥古曼木材材性及制浆漂白工艺的研究

测定了奥古曼(Okoume)原料的木材密度、纤维形态和化学成分等材性指标,并进行硫酸盐法制浆及ECF漂白实验.结果表明,奥古曼原料的气干密度为0.433g/cm3,灰分、抽出物及木素含量较高,纤维平均长度1.26 mm,细胞壁薄,成纸强度优良,奥古曼硫酸盐浆经D0EpD1 P四段漂后白度可以达到85.8%,可用于抄造高级文化用纸.     

巨菌草的生物结构及制浆造纸性能

对巨菌草的生物结构和化学组分进行分析,并对巨菌草的硫酸盐法制浆性能进行了初步研究。结果显示:巨菌草具有禾本科生物结构的显著特点,含有薄壁细胞、导管和纤维组织带;巨菌草的纤维平均长度为0.91 mm,宽度为21.1μm,长宽比值为43.3,壁腔比为0.8;巨菌草的硝酸-乙醇纤维素含量达39.09%,而酸不溶木素（12.03%）、聚戊糖（22.75%）和灰分（5.9%）含量相对较低,这些特点使其易于蒸煮,化学药品消耗低,制浆得率高,容易打浆,是比较适合制浆造纸的非木材纤维原料;巨菌草的硫酸盐法制浆造纸性能良好,抄片的裂断长为2.73 km,撕裂指数为11.568 m N·m²·g^-1,耐破度为1.846 kPa·m²·g^-1。     

国内造纸期刊题录（摘录）

原料与备料细菌纤维素对纸张印刷适性影响的研究 罗先毅 等中华纸业2010,18：43 提高棉短绒蒸煮均匀性的措施 薛润林 中华纸业2010,18：75 三种阔叶木速生材原料硫酸盐法制浆特性的比较     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press