PET沉析纤维及其复合纸机械性能的研究

采用扫描电子显微镜、纤维质量分析仪、比表面积分析仪和X射线衍射仪(XRD)等检测仪器,对自制PET沉析纤维和市售PET浆粕进行表面形貌、比表面积、结晶性能及成纸性能研究。实验结果表明,与市售PET浆粕相比,自制PET沉析纤维呈飘带状,纤维形态柔顺,质轻且较薄,比表面积较大,达6.311 m2/g;纤维结晶度为36.10%,纤维悬浮液分散度达97%,有利于提高成纸匀度和强度;相比于市售PET浆粕和PET短切纤维抄造的纸张,自制PET沉析纤维和PET短切纤维成纸的抗张指数、撕裂指数和伸长率分别提高了6.3%、11.2%、38.8%。     

浆液浓度对其制备PET沉析纤维形态及纸张性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、比表面积仪等检测手段,对5种不同PET(聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)浆液浓度制备的PET沉析纤维进行表观形貌、比表面积大小及与PET短切纤维配抄的纸张性能的研究。结果表明,PET沉析纤维呈飘带状,尺寸细小,纤维原纤化程度大;随着浆液浓度的增大,自制PET沉析纤维"树干"结构明显,在表面分裂出细小的微纤维量减少,形成近似棒状的纤维束;PET沉析纤维的比表面积随着浆液浓度的增大而减小;同时PET沉析纤维与PET短切纤维以5∶5比例配抄纸张的抗张指数、撕裂指数和耐破指数随着浆液浓度的增大呈上升趋势。     

PBO沉析浆粕抄造性能的研究

本文研究了PBO(聚对苯撑苯并二(啞)唑)沉析浆粕的抄造性能,讨论了PBO沉析浆粕与短切纤维、原纤化浆粕的配抄性能.实验结果表明,PBO沉析浆粕有着良好的分散性能;沉析浆粕与短切纤维、原纤化浆粕有着良好的配抄性能,当沉析浆粕原纤化浆粕短切纤维=433时,PBO纸页裂断长可达1.21km,撕裂指数3.13mN·m2/g,耐破指数3.19kPa·m2/g.     

对位芳纶纸性能研究

针对对位芳纶纤维(PPTA)的抄造性能,研究了浆粕纤维与短切纤维的纤维形态、纤维配比以及抄造方式对成纸性能的影响,并添加间位芳纶沉析纤维与PPTA配抄来探讨对位芳纶纸的性能。实验结果表明,采用层合法成形,PPTA浆粕纤维与短切纤维质量比为7∶3时,成纸性能达最佳值,并且添加沉析纤维可以明显增强对位芳纶纸的机械性能。     

沉析纤维尺寸效应对PET纸结构与性能的影响

本研究对自制聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)沉析纤维进行筛分处理,并与PET短切纤维混抄成纸,探讨了沉析纤维的尺寸效应对PET纸结构、机械及电气性能的影响。结果表明,筛分目数为100、含量50%的PET沉析纤维成纸性能最好,PET纸匀度指数达94,抗张指数56.2 N·m/g,撕裂指数42.9 mN·m~2/g,层间结合强度79.4 N·m/g,耐压强度9.51 kV/mm。     

热压对间位芳纶纸表面形态、结构和物理性能的影响研究

实验中将芳纶短切纤维和沉析纤维(浆粕)按照一定比例混抄、热压,系统地研究了热压对间位芳纶纸的纤维形态、物理结构、表面性能及某些物理性能的影响。结果表明:热压对纸张的性能影响很大,热压后纸张的表面变得平整光滑,略为半透明状,内部结构更加紧密。同时,芳纶纸的紧度、抗张强度和伸长率随热压温度的升高而增大,与未压纸相比,热压温度达到130℃时,纸张紧度达到3.92倍,抗张强度和伸长率也分别提高了4.65倍和7.23倍,继续提高热压温度,各性能指标的增长速率都趋于缓和。撕裂强度则是随热压温度的升高先增大后减小,热压温度达到130℃时,撕裂强度提高2.54倍,然后随温度的升高而降低,并最终趋于稳定值。     

间位芳纶纤维悬浮液的屈服特性及其与成纸匀度关系的研究

为探究间位芳纶纤维悬浮液的絮凝特性,本研究从流变学角度出发,分别研究了单一间位芳纶短切纤维和间位芳纶沉析纤维悬浮液及两者共混悬浮液的絮凝浓度、剪切屈服应力和压缩屈服应力,同时通过湿法成形工艺探索间位芳纶纤维悬浮液的屈服流变特性与成纸匀度间的构效关系。结果表明,不同纤维配比间位芳纶纤维悬浮液的凝结点在0.37~0.68 g/L之间,悬浮液的压缩屈服应力和剪切屈服应力与纤维浓度间分别呈线性和指数函数关系;除100%短切纤维悬浮液外,在同一浓度下,间位芳纶纤维悬浮液的压缩屈服应力和剪切屈服应力均随着沉析纤维比例的增大而减小;间位芳纶纤维悬浮液Froude数随着浓度的增大而减小,对特定配比的间位芳纶纤维悬浮液,间位芳纶纸的匀度指数随着悬浮液Froude数的增大而增大。     

对位芳纶纤维纸的增强工艺

对位芳纶纤维具有的刚性分子链结构以及表面化学惰性导致其力学机械性能较差。研究发现:芳纶浆粕的打浆能改善芳纶纸的成纸性能,间位芳纶沉析纤维本身具有较高的机械强度和较好的电绝缘性能,添加间位芳纶沉析纤维作为粘结纤维可有效改善对位芳纶纤维纸的抄造性能,当沉析纤维含量为30%左右时,纸张经过热压机高温高压作用,两种纤维更易熔粘,使纸张产生较高的物理性能和电气性能。     

对位芳纶纳米纤维用量对对位芳纶纸结构及性能的影响

本研究以原位聚合法制备的对位芳纶纳米纤维及市售对位芳纶沉析纤维为黏结纤维,分别与对位芳纶短切纤维混合,通过湿法抄造制备对位芳纶纸（纳米纸和沉析纸）。详细研究了2种不同原料及其用量对纸张结构及性能的影响规律,并对作用机理进行了探讨。结果表明,采用对位芳纶纳米纤维制备的纳米纸在纸张匀度、机械强度、电气绝缘强度等方面均优于对位芳纶沉析纤维制备的沉析纸。黏结纤维含量均为40%时,纳米纸抗张指数比沉析纸提高了44%,撕裂指数提高了57%,电击穿强度提高了80%。这种差异主要来源于对位芳纶纳米纤维具有更高的表面活性,以及由此产生良好的可加工性及二次组装性能。     

造纸用PBO纤维沉析浆粕的制备

采用沉析法制备造纸用PBO浆粕,实验结果表明,沉析法制备PBO沉析浆粕的最佳工艺条件为:PBO浆液浓度为1%,凝固液为稀硫酸,搅拌设备为果汁机,搅拌速度为2000r/min。制备的PBO沉析浆粕具有较大的比表面积和良好的纤维形态,而且可以通过控制凝固液的浓度,得到不同性能的PBO沉析浆粕。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press