菜籽油制备生物柴油放大实验研究

在20L的反应器中研究了菜籽油与甲醇在催化剂KOH存在下通过酯交换反应制备生物柴油，根据实验得到。菜籽油酯交换反应55℃、酯油物质的量比6：1。催化剂用量可以降低到油重的0.8％。反应70min。生物柴油含量99％以上。生物柴油的总收率达到92．65％；所制备的生物柴油低温流动性能好，闪点高达155℃。其它主要性能指标符合0#柴油标准。     

菜籽油制备生物柴油放大实验研究

在20L的反应器中研究了菜籽油与甲醇在催化剂KOH存在下通过酯交换反应制备生物柴油。根据实验得到,菜籽油酯交换反应55℃、醇油物质的量比6∶1,催化剂用量可以降低到油重的0 8%,反应70min,生物柴油含量99%以上,生物柴油的总收率达到92 65%;所制备的生物柴油低温流动性能好,闪点高达155℃,其它主要性能指标符合0#柴油标准。     

菜籽油聚合加脂剂的制备

选用菜籽油、马来酸酐、苯乙烯、丙烯酸丁酯(或醋酸乙烯酯)为原料，在热引发剂的作用下，根据自由基聚合原理制备出了一种新型聚合加脂剂，并系统地研究了聚合反应的条件，得到了最佳的物料配比和反应条件，在此基础上对产品进行了应用实验，加脂后的皮革丰满、柔软、弹性等感观性能较好。     

环氧菜子油的研究

本文研究了以菜子油为原料，在硫酸的催化作用下定与氧水和冲乙酸发生环氧化反应，制取环氧菜子油的工艺方法，并选用Ｌ９（３＾４）正交实验和反应过程中环氧值的分析，得以了各影响因素、最佳工艺条件，并讨论了影响环氧值大小及影响产品色泽、酸价的各种因素及操作中的注意要点。     

菜籽油油脚制备生物柴油

以油脚为原料制取生物柴油及副产品甘油,分离菜籽油油脚中的菜籽油条件:溶剂/油脚(质量分数)为2,室温下萃取分离,搅拌时间30min,分离出菜籽油量为12 5%、皂化值为161 4;通过正交实验得到菜籽油与甲醇醇解制取生物柴油的最佳工艺条件:甲醇/油为6,反应温度40℃,催化剂用量1%,脂肪酸甲酯的得率87 4%;以油脚为原料制备的生物柴油,其主要性能指标冷滤点为-11℃,大大低于0#柴油的4℃的指标(优级品),其他性能指标与0#柴油接近,与其它柴油组分的调和性也很好。     

在菜籽油分子引入羧基制备结合性加脂剂

本文讨论有菜籽油与乙醇胺反应，在菜籽油分子链引入羟基，然后再与顺丁烯二酸酐反应，进而给菜籽油分子链上引入羧基，使得改性后的菜籽油分子与皮革具有结合性。     

含氮硼酸酯的合成及其在菜籽油中摩擦学性能研究

合成了一种新型的含氮硼酸酯,并利用红外光谱对其主要官能团进行了鉴定．通过四球试验机考察了其在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析钢球磨斑表面形貌．结果表明,含氮硼酸酯具有较好的极压、抗磨减摩性能,且在菜籽油中的最佳添加量为3％;含氮硼酸酯较菜籽油能明显减轻钢球表面磨损．     

含氮硼酸酯的合成及其在菜籽油中摩擦学性能研究

合成了一种新型的含氮硼酸酯,并利用红外光谱对其主要官能团进行了鉴定.通过四球试验机考察了其在菜籽油中的摩擦学性能,并采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析钢球磨斑表面形貌.结果表明,含氮硼酸酯具有较好的极压、抗磨减摩性能,且在菜籽油中的最佳添加量为3%;含氮硼酸酯较菜籽油能明显减轻钢球表面磨损.     

降低菜籽油蓝色增加值的方法

菜籽油加工企业采用不同的精炼工艺来降低由进口菜籽加工的菜籽油的蓝色值及蓝色增加值,但有影响油脂出品率、增加生产成本、起泡试验不合格等问题.采用分类精炼的方法可降低75%油脂的蓝色增加值、改善油脂外观,同时还可降低酸价及过氧化值,利于油脂的仓储保存.     

马来酸酐接枝菜籽油反应的研究

用过氧化苯甲酰作为引发剂，通过接枝聚合反应将马来酸酐接枝到菜籽油分子上，从而在菜籽油分子中引入亲水性的羧基。通过考察马来酸酐和引发剂的用量、反应温度、反应时间对共聚物中马来酸酐含量的影响确定了最佳合成条件，为后续实验中将聚合物制备成皮革加脂剂提供了参考数据。     

Effect of tocopherol on antioxygenic properties of green lubricating oil

Based on the needs of green motor oil, and in order to improve the antioxidation properties of green lubricating oil, the effect of tocopherol antioxidation properties of rapeseed oil was studied. Experiments of high temperature oxidation, antiwear and infra-red spectrum analysis were accomplished, the results show that the rapeseed oil including tocopherol can still keeps steady structure after high temperature oxidation, with a small variety of acid number, whose antioxygenic properties are improved evidently. Meanwhile, both thiocarbamate and vitamin C play an assistant role in tocopherol, which can make rapeseed oil to have better oxidation stability and keep excellent antiwear properties after high temperature oxidation.     

Liquid rheology study on refined rapeseed oil

The rapeseed oil extracted from the mature seeds was purified by refining processing,and the rheological characteristic analysis of the viscosity and dynamic shear rate at gradient temperatures was made.The result shows that at 20,40,60 and 80 ℃ respectively,when the shear rate gradually rises,the torque increases accordingly but its viscosity does not vary distinctly.The result suggests that when rapeseed oil is used as the raw of edible oils and industries,the working procedures at high temperature will n...     

Raney-Ni催化下菜籽油生物柴油催化转移加氢的研究

在水环境下,以异丙醇为供氢体和Raney-Ni为催化剂,对菜籽油经酯交换得到的生物柴油进行催化转移加氢研究.通过定时取样分析生物柴油的碘值变化和组分含量,研究了生物柴油中亚麻酸甲酯(C18∶3)、亚油酸甲酯(C18∶2)和油酸甲酯(C18∶1)催化转移加氢选择性和反应动力学,以及加氢过程中不饱和脂肪酸甲酯的顺反异构情况.结果表明:在水环境下生物柴油催化转移加氢反应可用拟一级动力学模型来描述;C18∶3和C18∶2的加氢选择性较高,反应速率常数是C18∶1的6倍,但产物主要为反式油酸甲酯(t-C18∶1),而且顺式油酸甲酯(c-C18∶1)进一步加氢变成硬脂酸甲酯(C18∶0)的速率远远高于t-C18∶1.     

Epoxidation of soybean oil with SO3 H-functional ionic liquid as catalyst

Green technology for the preparation of epoxidized soybean oil ( ESBO ) is of significance.The epoxidation of soybean oil with peroxyacetic acid generated in situ from hydrogen peroxide and glacial ace...     

水力空化技术强化酯交换反应合成生物柴油的研究

采用水力空化技术强化酯交换反应制备生物柴油．实验结果表明，采用水力空化技术可以大大缩短酯交换反应达到平衡的时间，与机械搅拌反应体系相比，在醇油摩尔比6：1，催化剂KOH用量为油重1％的反应条件下，反应时间从60min缩短到20min，同时反应的转化率也由94％提高到99％，水力空化技术对反应起到了很好的强化作用．还讨论了空化数和孔板几何参数对酯交换反应结果的影响．     

Preparation of nano-copper as lubrication oil additive

Nano-copper used as lubrication oil additive has good tribological property and active self-repairing effect for friction pairs. The reduction in liquid phase for preparing nano-additive is one of the most common method.Nano-copper was prepared by reduction in liquid phase. The different project and routine practice for preparing nano-copper were researched. The dispersion problem of nano-copper was investigated by surface treatment and high dispersion. The particles dimension, the dispersion stability and the purity of nano-copper were characterized by TEM and XRD. The conclusion indicates that the methods of the preparation and dispersion can obtain 20 nm copper additive with good dispersion property in lubrication oil.     

Preparation of nano-copper as lubrication oil additive

Nano-copper used as lubrication oil additive has good tribological property and active self-repairing effect for friction pairs. The reduction in liquid phase for preparing nano-additive is one of the most common method. Nano-copper was prepared by reduction in liquid phase. The different project and routine practice for preparing nano-copper were researched. The dispersion problem of nano-copper was investigated by surface treatment and high dispersion. The particles dimension, the dispersion stability and the purity of nano-copper were characterized by TEM and XRD. The conclusion indicates that the methods of the preparation and dispersion can obtain 20 nm copper additive with good dispersion property in lubrication oil. Foundation item: Project(50235030) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China     

原油产地对基础油性能的影响

在实验室对西江、阿曼、萨里尔、陆丰4种原油的360～540℃馏份段进行实沸点蒸馏切割试验,得到各原油的减压馏份,并每20℃收集一段馏份,然后以各馏份油为原料在实验室进行酮苯脱蜡、溶剂精制试验进一步得到精制油.通过试验分析,考察了这4种原油不同馏份段润滑油基础油的性能特点,研究了不同原油性质与基础油质量之间的关系,并总结归纳了西江、阿曼、萨里尔、陆丰原油生产基础油的能力.研究结果表明,原油性质与基础油性能直接相关.     

High temperature tribological behaviors of nano-diamond as oil additive

The tribological behaviors of the nano-diamond particles including the nano-diamond and the nano-diamond modified were studied at high temperature using SRV multifunctional test system. The worn steel surfaces were analyzed by means of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that nano-diamond particles can obviously improve the antiwear and friction reducing properties of the base oil at high temperature and the high load. The friction coefficient of the nano-diamond is very low at 200 °C when the test load is not more than 20 N. This tribological behaviors should attributed to the similarly to “ball bearing” lubrication action of the nano-diamond particles, so the movement between tribological pairs become sliding/rolling. The nano-diamond modified by dimer ester possesses excellent antiwear and friction reducing performance at 500 °C and load 500 N. The tribochemical reaction film between the nano-diamond particles and the renascent wear surface plays dominating lubrication role and the presence of the dimer ester on the rubbing surface can be propitious to form lubrication film containing nano-diamond on the worn surface at high temperature and high load. Foundation item: Project (51489020605JS9105) supported by National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing