改性硅微粉在天然橡胶中的性能研究

硅微粉用双-[γ-(三乙氧基硅)丙基]四硫化物(Si69)和钛酸酯进行表面改性,将其添加到天然橡胶中,探讨了改性硅微粉对复合材料性能的影响。结果表明,Si69和钛酸酯改变了硅微粉的表面结构,分散性有很大程度的提高;Si69改性的硅微粉用量为20份时,天然橡胶的综合性能最佳。     

凹凸棒石粘土的改性及其在天然橡胶中的应用

采用异丙醇溶解的钛酸酯偶联剂NDZ-311对凹凸棒石粘土进行超声湿法表面改性。钛酸酯质量分数为4%时,改性效果最佳。改性后凹凸棒石粘土粉体的活化指数达最大值98%,吸油值由改性前的0.75mL/g下降到0.50mL/g,分散于50mL液体石蜡中形成的分散相在静置3h后其体积依然保持在48mL以上,稳定性较好。将改性过的凹凸棒石粘土应用到天然橡胶中,其ts1、t90均延长,拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、屈挠性均提高,但是胶料的撕裂强度和耐磨性能有所下降。     

偶联剂Si69改性秸秆纳米纤维素对炭黑补强天然橡胶性能的影响

采用偶联剂Si69对棒状秸秆纳米纤维素(SNC)进行改性,得到改性棒状秸秆纳米纤维素(MSNC),研究MSNC对炭黑(CB)补强天然橡胶(NR)性能的影响。结果表明:MSNC与橡胶基体的相容性较好;与CB/SNC/NR复合材料相比,CB/MSNC/NR复合材料的交联密度较大,能在保持较好抗湿滑性能的同时降低滚动阻力,具有更强的交联网络和更多的受限橡胶分子,热稳定性更好;用量比为35/10/100的CB/MSNC/NR复合材料物理性能最佳。     

钛酸酯偶联剂改性纳米氧化锌及在天然橡胶中的应用

采用不同用量钛酸酯偶联剂对纳米氧化锌进行表面改性，通过正交试验来确定最佳的改性条件。用活化指数表征改性效果。实验结果表明：最佳的改性条件为钛酸酯用量在3％，温度30℃，搅拌时间90min，活化指数可达到99．83％。并将在最佳条件下改性过的纳米氧化锌应用到天然橡胶中，其Ts1、t90均延长，拉伸强度、拉断伸长率、屈挠性均提高，但是胶料的撕裂强度和耐磨性能下降。     

硅微粉的表面改性及其在环氧树脂浇铸件中的应用

以硅微粉为原料,通过用不同的偶联剂改性,制成了活性硅微粉.探讨了不同偶联剂对硅微粉表面性能的影响,以及对其在环氧铸件中应用的性能评价.     

天然橡胶的化学改性

介绍了天然橡胶的环氧化改性和氯化改性,天然橡胶的氢氯化、氢化、环化和接枝改性及热塑性天然橡胶等研究。     

改性伊利石在天然橡胶中的应用研究

用盐酸酸洗和十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)接枝改性伊利石,并研究改性伊利石在天然橡胶中的应用。结果表明:与改性伊利石相比,改性酸洗伊利石的热质量损失率和CTAB接枝量更大;改性质量分数为0. 01盐酸酸洗伊利石的CTAB接枝量最大,改性质量分数为0. 05盐酸酸洗伊利石未接枝CTAB;随着改性酸洗伊利石用量增大,胶料的门尼粘度提高,硫化速度总体略有减慢,交联密度总体增大;伊利石和改性酸洗伊利石胶料的硬度、300%定伸应力、拉伸强度和撕裂强度明显提高,其中改性酸洗伊利石胶料的物理性能略优;添加10份改性酸洗伊利石胶料的拉伸强度最大。     

天然橡胶的改性与功能化研究

介绍了天然橡胶的环氧化改性，粉末改性，树脂纤维改性，氯化，氢（氯）化，环化和接枝改性，以及与其它物质的共混改性，同时介绍了热塑性天然橡胶及液体橡胶，并对上改性进行了功能化研究。     

改性白炭黑补强天然橡胶的性能研究

采用偶联剂Si69对白炭黑进行表面改性,研究改性白炭黑对天然橡胶胶料性能的影响。结果表明:与未改性白炭黑胶料相比,改性白炭黑胶料的加工安全性和硫化效率提升,硫化胶的300%定伸应力、拉伸强度、撕裂强度、耐磨性能和耐2级裂口屈挠性能提高,滚动阻力和动态生热性能略有改善,但抗湿滑性能略有下降;扫描电镜分析表明,改性白炭黑在橡胶基体中的分散性及其与橡胶基体的相容性改善。     

天然橡胶低温改性试验

主要进行可低温使用的改性天然橡胶配方试验。经过胶料配方设计、混炼工艺及硫化胶性能的反复研究，确定了低温改性天然橡胶配方和基本混炼工艺。研究结果表明，低温改性天然橡胶在-30℃下保温6h后，其剪切模量与室温剪切模量相近，能满足-30℃～室温的使用要求。     

Aluminum powder filled nitrile rubber composites

Effect of aluminum powder on the properties of nitrile rubber (NBR) composites and the role of bonding agent viz. hexamethylene tetramine‐resorcinol has been investigated. Shore A hardness of the aluminum powder filled composites is lower than that of high abrasion furnace (HAF) and acetylene black (ACB) filled nitrile rubber composites and can be increased by the addition of bonding agent. Equilibrium swelling decreased considerably by the use of hexamethylene tetramine‐resorcinol, suggesting an improved nitrile rubber–aluminum powder adhesion. A marked increase in thermal conductivity is obtained with the incorporation of aluminum powder. Increased thermal conductivity reduced the additional time needed for the vulcanization of thick rubber articles and imparted uniform curing throughout the material. In nitrile rubber, the modulus and tensile strength followed the order HAF > ACB > aluminum powder. Combination of HAF and aluminum powder in NBR gave composites with good thermal conductivity and mechanical properties. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 91: 3156–3161, 2004     

用原位改性黑色页岩粉填充天然橡胶及其性能

采用X射线衍射、红外光谱等手段表征了黑色页岩粉,利用在天然橡胶中预先混入的硬脂酸于混炼过程中原位改性的方法制备了黑色页岩粉与炭黑复合填充的天然橡胶,研究了黑色页岩粉用量对天然橡胶硫化特性、力学性能和耐老化性能的影响,并用扫描电镜观察了复合材料断面的微观形貌。结果表明,用10份(质量,下同)硬脂酸原位改性的黑色页岩粉替代炭黑,与20份炭黑并用填充的天然橡胶表现出优于完全由炭黑填充者的拉伸性能和耐老化性能。在同等用量情况下(40份),填充有原位改性黑色页岩粉天然橡胶的硫化特性和力学性能均优于用传统方法改性黑色页岩粉填充的天然橡胶。     

稻壳源白炭黑/炭黑填充天然橡胶复合材料的综合性能研究

采用红外光谱（IR）进行稻壳源白炭黑(SiO2)的成分分析,表明其有机物成分的存在;采用扫描电镜（SEM）进行稻壳源白炭黑微观结构形态分析,表明其粒径小,结构松散,比表面积大,一次结构及其聚集态结构特征明显。通过对填充稻壳源白炭黑的天然橡胶硫化胶低温脆断表面进行扫描电镜分析,表明添加硅烷偶联剂双-（γ-三乙氧基硅基丙基）四硫化物（Si-69）使稻壳源白炭黑呈现一次结构纳米尺度分散,整体分布较为均匀。通过对稻壳源白炭黑/炭黑填充天然橡胶硫化胶的物理机械性能及动态力学性能研究,结果表明随稻壳源白炭黑/炭黑并用比例的改变,其耐寒性、滚动阻力、抗湿滑性能及综合物理机械性能均有不同程度的变化。     

Evaluation of fatigue performance of filled and unfilled natural rubber/styrene-butadiene rubber composites

This paper deals with the fatigue life analysis of a blend of natural rubber (NR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) with and without nanoclay particles. Various damage parameters based on strain are investigated. A nonlinear finite element analysis is carried out by using ABAQUS. To formulate the life prediction models, the measured fatigue life is used together with various damage parameters. It is shown that all the damage parameters can estimate the fatigue lives effectively with correlation coefficients greater than 0.9. There is a good agreement between the obtained fatigue live predictions and the measured fatigue results. The effect of various parameters such as true strain and nanoparticles' loading is also investigated. The results of sensitivity analysis show that the strain has a greater effect on the variation of the rubber compounds' fatigue life. The test samples' fracture surface is assessed via scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SEM results show that as the strain increases, the test samples softly fail while the fracture surface of the nanocomposite is roughened by the addition of nanoclay.     

改性粉煤灰填充废胶粉复合材料研究

以废胶粉（URP）为基体相,粉煤灰（FA）为增强相,烷偶联剂为相容性制备了粉煤灰/废胶粉复合材料。研究了废胶粉和粉煤灰的最佳用量和偶联剂的用量,混合方式和最佳的硫化条件。通过扫描电镜（SEM）和红外光谱（FT-IR）分析了粉煤灰/废胶粉试样的结构和形貌。结果表明：用Si-69对粉煤灰的改性效果好于KH-550。废胶粉最佳用量为100份,粉煤灰40份,Si-69 1.0份。最佳的初混方式为热混,偶联剂先与粉煤灰混合,而后再与废胶粉混合。最佳硫化条件为：温度160℃,压力8MPa,时间25 min。Si-69/FA/URP比KH-550/FA/URP的相容性要好。硅烷偶联剂中的Si—OH和粉煤灰表面的—OH发生脱水缩合,形成了Si—O键;偶联剂的有机端和废胶粉形成了C—H键,从而改善了FA/URP复合材料相容性和力学性能。     

Modified graphite filled natural rubber composites with good thermal conductivity

The rubber composites with good thermal conductivity contribute to heat dissipation of tires. Graphite filled natural rubber composites were developed in this study to provide good thermal conductivity. Graphite was coated with polyacrylate polymerized by monomers including methyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate and acrylic acid. The ratios between a filler and acrylate polymerization emulsion and those between monomers were varied. Eight types of surface modification formulas were experimentally investigated. Modification formula can affect coating results and composite properties greatly. The best coating type was achieved by a ratio of 1:1 between methyl methacrylate and n-butyl acrylate. The coating of graphite was thermal y stable in a running tire. Filled with modified graphite, the tire thermal conductivity reached up to 0.517–0.569 W·m-1·K-1. In addition, the mechanical performance was improved with increased crosslink density, extended scorch time and short vulcanization time.     

Flow properties of natural rubber composites filled with defatted soy flour

The linear and nonlinear viscoelastic properties of natural rubber composites reinforced with defatted soy flour (DSF) were studied. DSF is an abundant, renewable commodity, and its rigid nature makes it suitable as a reinforcement phase in rubber composites. At small strain, the elastic modulus of a 30% filled composite was about 20 times higher than the unfilled rubber. Greater reinforcement was observed for carbon black filled composites than for DSF filled composites at filler concentrations of 10 and 20%. At high strain, values of the relaxation modulus dropped more rapidly for highly filled DSF composites. At high shear rates in a capillary viscometer, a small reinforcement effect remained for all composites, and lower die swell was observed for DSF composites. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

胶粉/粉煤灰公路路面材料的研究

针对国内目前废旧橡胶日益增多，橡胶粉产业蓬勃发展，市场有待进一步开发的问题，研究了用废旧橡胶粉与粉煤灰的共混来制备公路路面材料。通过测试材料的邵尔A型硬度、扯断伸长率、拉伸强度，确定了最佳配方。结果显示：用胶粉和粉煤灰共混可制成路面材料，其性能符合相关产品的国家要求，实现了变废为宝的目的。     

镀银铜粉填充型导电硅橡胶的研究

研究了镀银铜粉填充型硅橡胶的导电性能。结果表明 :采用乙烯基三过氧叔丁基硅烷偶联剂对镀银铜粉进行表面处理 ,可改善胶料的混炼工艺性 ,提高镀银铜粉的添加量 ;同时也可提高硫化胶中镀银铜粉与硅橡胶的结合力 ,使表层镀银铜粉颗粒不易脱离 ,相应地提高了硅橡胶的导电稳定性 ;所得镀银铜粉填充型导电橡胶的体积电阻率小于 0 0 1Ω·m。