NaF-AlF_3-CaF_2-LiF-Al_2O_3系电导率的研究

采用惠斯通电桥研究了NaF-AlF3-CaF2-LiF-Al2O3系变温等容电导率。发现该体系的电导率随温度的升高和分子比的增加而升高。在高Al2O3浓度、高分子比区的研究结果适合中型自焙槽，在低Al2O3浓度、低分子比区的研究结果适合大型预焙槽，可供工业生产选择。     

烧结次数对30Mo-ZrO_2金属陶瓷结构及导电性能的影响

采用粉末冶金方法以钼粉和氧化锆粉为原料制备30Mo-ZrO_2金属陶瓷,研究烧结次数对金属陶瓷微观结构和高温电导率的影响。结果表明,烧结次数为3次的试样密度最大(6.41 g/cm~3),高温电导率最高(1 600℃时电导率为12.50×10~(-3)S/cm);增加烧结次数能改变粉体颗粒形态,提高金属陶瓷致密度,降低孔隙率,提高导电相的相对体积分数,增加材料电导率;金属陶瓷电导率随着温度升高而增大,变化幅度随着温度的升高而增加。     

Na_3AlF_6-K_3AlF_6-AlF_3-LiF-CaF_2-MgF_2-Al_2O_3熔盐的初晶温度

采用热分析法研究K_3AlF_6、LiF和AlF_3等含量对铝电解质Na_3AlF_6-K_3AlF_6-AlF_3-LiF-CaF_2-MgF_2-Al_2O_3熔盐初晶温度的影响,分析熔盐组成对初晶温度的影响机制。结果表明:含Li熔盐初晶温度随K_3AlF_6含量的增加而降低,当熔盐中LiF含量分别为0和4%(质量分数)时,随着熔盐中K_3AlF_6含量从3%增加至12%,熔盐初晶温度分别降低27.4℃和21.2℃;LiF对含K电解质熔盐初晶温度有降低作用,当熔盐中K_3AlF_6含量分别为0和6%,随着熔盐中LiF含量从0增加到4%,熔盐的初晶温度分别降低31.2℃和27℃;AlF_3对Li、K共存复杂电解质熔盐初晶温度有降低作用,当熔盐中LiF含量为1%、K_3AlF_6含量为9%时,熔盐中AlF_3含量每增加1%,熔盐的初晶温度将降低6.3℃;而当熔盐不含Li、K时,熔盐中AlF_3的含量每增加1%,可引起熔盐初晶温度的降低值为7.6℃。复杂电解质熔盐中锂盐和钾盐分别以Li_2NaAlF_6和K_2NaAlF_6形式存在,其在熔盐中含量是影响熔盐初晶温度的主要原因。     

Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐的Raman光谱和离子结构

基于测定的熔融冰晶石的Raman光谱和对散射系数的新理解,重新分析以前研究的942～1024℃的酸性NaF-AlF3熔盐中存在的不同离子团的含量。新的定量分析结果表明：对于分子比小于2的熔盐,AlF4-是含量最高的阴离子;当分子比为1.5时,其摩尔分数约为0.70;当分子比为2时,其摩尔分数为0.50。当分子比大于2.5时,AlF6^3-相对含量更高;当分子比为2.5时,其摩尔分数为0.45。然后,采用紫外Raman光谱法研究Na3AlF6-Al2O3熔盐的离子结构。研究结果表明：熔盐中存在八面体的AlF63-和四面体的AlF4^-,基团中的F-可能被O^2-部分取代。在Al2O3的质量分数大于4%的熔盐中存在具有大散射系数的Al2O2F4^2-。光谱中的波段随温度的升高发生蓝移。     

太阳能级硅电沉积用冰晶石熔盐的电导率和黏度

以热解碳化硼管作电导池,用固定电导池常数法研究由Na F-Al F3-Si O2构成的二元系和三元系熔盐的电导率;用扭摆法测定Na3Al F6-Si O2二元系的黏度。研究发现,所研究熔盐体系的电导率和黏度均与温度呈直线关系。Na3Al F6-Si O2二元系的电导率与Si O2含量关系曲线可分为0-10%和10%-40%（摩尔分数）两段,当SiO 2含量超过10%之后,电导率随着Si O2含量的增加而快速下降,而当Si O2含量小于10%时,电导率随着Si O2含量的增加而缓慢增加。在Si O2含量大于10%的冰晶石熔盐中添加少量的SiO 2,熔盐的黏度增加,但增加的趋势基本相同,这与熔盐中形成玻璃网状结构的离子团有关。当在冰晶石熔盐中继续增大Si O2含量到50%时,黏度发生急剧变化。     

ZnFe2O4基材料在NaF-AlF3-Al2O3熔盐中的腐蚀

采用锌铁尖晶石材料作为铝电解惰性阳极,考察了这种阳极在 熔盐中的腐蚀 行为,阳极电流密度为0～2.5A/cm2．实验结果表明,锌铁尖晶石材料在阳极极化条件下的NaF-AlF3-Al2O3熔盐中具有很好的耐腐蚀性能．在低电流密度下,阳极材料的腐蚀速度随电流密度的增大而增大,最高的腐蚀速度出现于0.5～0.75A/cm2．此后,腐蚀速度随电流密度的增大而降低．实验证明,高阳极电流密度(＞1.5A/cm2)、熔盐电解质中保持高Al2O3含量和低NaF/AlF3摩尔比,对降低阳极材料的腐蚀速度有利,这也将是惰性阳极应用的重要条件．     

含MO（MO=FeO,NiO）的低碱度CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2熔渣电导率（英文）

作为有色冶金渣中有价金属回收基础,利用电化学交流阻抗谱法,测定低碱度MO(MO=FeO,NiO)-CaOMgO-Al2O3-SiO2五元熔渣体系的电导率。结果表明:随着熔渣体系温度的升高和MO浓度的增大,熔渣电导率增大。在1573～1773K下,(CaO+MgO)与(SiO2+Al2O3)质量比为0.47,当MO浓度小于12%时,熔渣电导率为1.4～14.4S/m。随着熔渣中MO浓度的增大,熔渣电导率增大的幅度增加。当熔渣中FeO和NiO浓度小于8%时,两种熔渣的电导率相差不大;当浓度达到12%时,含FeO的熔渣电导率明显大于含NiO的熔渣电导率。随着MO浓度的增加,电导活化能降低。     

反向共沉淀法制备Y2O3-ZrO2纳米晶

以乙醇为分散剂和保护剂，采用反向化学共沉淀法，制备了Y2O3-ZrO2纳米晶。结果表明：所制备的纳米晶为说办晶系；Y2O3-ZrO2纳米晶呈球形，当焙烧温度为900℃时，粒予粒径约30nm，粒径分布均匀，无明显硬团聚体存在；Y2O3-ZrO2纳米晶为多晶结构：Y2O3-ZrO2的晶化温度为489．19℃；Y2O3-ZrO2纳米晶的相对密度随粒径增大而增大。     

碱土金属双掺杂钴铁酸镧的结构和电性能

应用共沉淀法合成了中温固体氧化物燃料电池刚极材料La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxCo0.9Fe01O3-δ(x=0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)的粉料.采用XRD,SEM和直流四极探针法研究了其晶体结构和电导率随温度变化规律以及其与电解质Ce0.8Sm0.2O2的化学相容性.实验表明Ca2+和Sr2+双掺杂取代La3+进入晶格后,合成的粉料具有六角晶系钙钛矿结构;随着Ca2+含量x增加,La0.7Sr0.3-xCaxCo0.9Fe0.1O3-δ晶胞a轴方向缩短c轴方向拉长,晶胞体积减小且样品的电导率也在降低.随温度升高到490℃,电导率出现最大值,温度继续升高晶格氧逸出而导致电导率降低.400℃～700℃时,样品的电导率均高于450S/cm.当x=0.10和0.15时,其电导率基本相等且高于760 S/cm.合成的粉料与电解质Ce0.8Sm0.2O2具有良好的化学相容性.     

渗硼用Na2B4O7-Na2CO3熔盐热分析

对渗硼用Na2B4O7-Na2CO3熔盐体系进行DTA和TG热分析。DTA分析表明,在Na2B4O7中添加Na2CO3并没有大幅降低Na2B4O7的初晶温度。TG分析表明,Na2B4O7中添加Na2CO3能促进Na2B4O7的分解,平均每添加10%Na2CO3体系质量损失4%。Na2B4O7-Na2CO3体系的温度升高过程分别对应固体Na2B4O7的分解、渗剂熔化以及B2O2的氧化过程。硼砂熔盐渗硼最佳温度为905℃。     

Electrical conductivity of Na3AlF6-AlF3-Al2O3-CaF2-LiF（NaCl） system electrolyte

A PGSTAT 30 and a BOOSTER 20A were used to measure cell impedance.Electrical conductivity was gained by the Continuously Varying Cell Constant Technique.Electrical conductivity of KCl was measured for comparison.The results prove that the method is reliable and accurate.The electrical conductivity of Na3AlF6-AlF3-Al2O3-CaF2-LiF(NaCl)system was studied by this method.Activation energy of conductance was obtained based on the experiment results.The experiments show that electrical conductivity is increased greatly with NaCl and LiF added.Increasing 1%LiF(mass fraction)results in corresponding increase of 0.0276 S/cm for superheat condition of 15℃.For NaCl,it is 0.024 S/cm.Electrical conductivity is increased by 0.003 S/cm with 1℃temperature increase.The electrical conductivity is lower than that predicted by the WANG Model and higher than that predicted by the Choudhary Model.     

CaO掺杂10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷的导电性能

研究添加剂CaO含量和烧结温度对CaO掺杂10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷的物相组成和电导率的影响。结果表明:CaO含量在0~4%范围内,烧结试样的X射线衍射谱仅有NiO和NiFe2O4的衍射峰;10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷在空气中升温过程存在明显的吸氧和失氧行为;CaO含量对1 473 K烧结的10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷的电导率影响显著;当CaO含量为0~1%时,随测试温度的升高,材料电导率逐渐增大,随后在773~923 K出现1~2个数量级的突降,然后重新缓慢增大;当CaO含量为2%和4%(质量分数,下同)时,材料电导率在298~1 233 K范围内随着测试温度的升高而增大;2?O掺杂10NiO-NiFe2O4复合陶瓷在不同测试温度下均具备最高电导率,1 233 K下达到16.29 S/cm,远高于未掺杂试样的1.03 S/cm;烧结温度由1 473 K提高到1 573 K时,未掺杂试样在1 233 K时电导率提高近15倍,2?O掺杂试样1 233 K时电导率略有提高。     

Equivalent conductivity and its activation energy of NaF-AlF3 melts

Electrical conductivity of NaF-AlF3 melts was measured by continuously varying cell constant(CVCC) technique. Relationships between equivalent conductivity at 990-1 030 ℃ and temperature and composition, and relationship between equivalent conductivity activation energy and composition of the melts were then studied on the basis of two-step decomposition mechanism of AlF63-. According to the changes of molar fractions of different anions in NaF-AlF3 melts, courses of dependence of equivalent conductivity and its activation energy on composition were analyzed. The results show that the influence of temperature on equivalent conductivity of the melts is small in the researched temperature range, and equivalent conductivity increases with increasing the molar fraction of AlF3; there is a minimum point in the activation energy-composition curve when molar fraction of AlF3 is 0.29.     

A novel technique for making open-cell AI203-ZrO2 ceramic foam with plant seed template

The aim of the present research is to provide a technique for preparing open-cell AI203-ZrO2 ceramic foams with uniform cell size. This technique used plant seeds to array templates and centrifugal slip casting to obtain cell struts with high packing density. Aqueous Al2O3-ZrO2 slurries with up to 50 vol.% solid contents were prepared and the rheological characteristic of the slurries was investigated. Consolidation was performed at an acceleration of 2,860 g for 60 rain. The effect of the characteristic of plant seeds on the drying behavior of Al2O3- ZrO2 green compact was analyzed. The effects of the solid contents of slurries on segregation phenomena ofAl2O3 and ZrO2 particles and green compact uniformity were investigated. The compressive stress-strain curve and deformation behavior of Al2O3-ZrO2 ceramic foams prepared using plant seed template were analyzed. The results showed segregation phenomenon is negligible for highly stable slurry with 50 vol.% solid loading. The prepared cell struts of Al2O3-ZrO2 foams have high green density (61.9% TD), sintered density (99.1% TD) and homogeneous microstructure. When sintered at 1,550 ℃ for 2 h, the cell size of Al2O3-ZrO2 foam is approximately uniform and the diameter is about 1.1 mm. The porosity and compressive strength of sintered products is 66.2% and 5.86 MPa, respectively.     

激光功率对超声辅助激光熔覆Al2O3-ZrO2陶瓷力学性能的影响

采用激光熔覆工艺在Ti-6Al-4V合金基体上制备Al₂O₃-ZrO₂陶瓷层,探讨在超声辅助下不同激光功率对熔覆层形貌及性能的影响。通过金相显微镜,X射线衍射,扫描电镜,显微硬度测试仪及摩擦磨损试验机研究了熔覆层的宏观形貌,截面形貌,物相组成,微观结构,显微硬度和磨损行为。结果表明:随着激光功率的增加,熔覆层稀释率先增加后降低,激光功率从1100 W增加到1500 W时,稀释率分别为65.86%、68.55%、76.04%、71.57%和68.23%;熔覆层主要由TiAl、TiO和ZrO₂组成;随着激光功率的增加,熔覆层显微硬度呈现先增加后减小的趋势;与其他3种熔覆层(激光功率为1300、1400和1500 W)相比,激光功率为1200 W的熔覆层平均摩擦因数相对较低,约为0.27,该熔覆层的磨损机理为磨粒磨损,其他3种熔覆层的磨损机理为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损。     

成核剂对SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-F系微晶玻璃析晶的影响

采用高温熔融法制备了不同成核剂Fe_2O_3及ZrO_2含量的SiO_2-Al_2O_3-MgO-F系玻璃试样,用差示扫描量热仪、X射线衍射仪以及扫描电子显微镜研究了成核剂对此微晶玻璃析晶特征的影响.结果表明:在所研究的微晶玻璃中,随着ZrO_2含量增加,玻璃转变温度和析晶温度略有提高.当玻璃中ZrO_2含量超过5.0%(质量分数,下同)时,玻璃转变温度有较大提高,而析晶温度却大大降低.同时添加ZrO_2和Fe_2O_3提高了玻璃转变温度,并且在850～900 ℃及925～960 ℃出现了2个析晶放热区间.对应第1个析晶温度区间,堇青石晶体在玻璃基体中均匀析出,析出晶体为枝状,最终形成多边星形.第2个放热区间温度对应云母晶体的析出,析出晶体呈片层状,在星形晶体间析出.随着玻璃中Fe_2O_3含量的增加,玻璃转变温度和放热峰温度都逐渐提高,而且2个放热峰温度的间隔程度增加.同时也发现ZrO_2和Fe_2O_3的加入都抑制了云母晶体的析出.     

Preparation and conductivity of nanocrystalline rare earth mixed oxides SmFe1—xCoxO3—δ

Nanocrystalline rare earth mixed oxides SmFe1-xCoxO3-δ were prepared by sol-gel method at 1073K for 2h calcination and characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM).The results show that SmFe1-xCoxO3-δhas the structure of perovskite type.The conductivity of the materials increases with the temperature rising and the maximum conductivity at 1073 K is 2.6 S/cm with the best mole ratio of Fe^3 to Co^3 being 1:4.This kind of oxide is a conductive ceramic material by means of conduction of electron and oxygen anion.     

ZnFe2O4基材料在NaF-AlF3-Al2O3熔盐中的腐蚀

采用锌铁尖晶石材料作为铝电解惰性阳极,考察了这种阳极在ＮａＦ－ＡｌＦ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３熔盐中的腐蚀行为,阳极电视密度为０￣２．５Ａ／ｃｍ＾２。实验结果表明,锌铁尖晶石材料在阳极极化条件下的ＮａＦ－ＡｌＦ３－Ａｌ２Ｏ３熔盐中具有很好的耐腐蚀性能。在低电流密度下,阳极材料的腐蚀速度随电流密度的增大而增大,最高的腐蚀速度出现于０．５￣０．７５Ａ／ｃｍ＾２。此事,腐蚀速度随电流密度的增大而降低。实验证明,高阳     

退火温度对IrO_2+ZrO_2涂层结构和电容性能的影响

采用热分解法在Ti基上被覆了IrO_2+ZrO_2氧化物涂层。通过XRD、SEM、EDX、XPS和循环伏安法等分析了退火温度对IrO_2-ZrO_2二元氧化物涂层的物相、表面形貌和电容性能的影响,引用非线性方程q~*(v)=A_1exp~(-v/t_1)+A_2exp~(-v/t_2)+y_0计算了涂层的内外活性点。结果表明:IrO_2-ZrO_2涂层的临界晶化温度为340~360℃,340℃退火的涂层物相为非晶结构,360℃退火,含有晶态和非晶态2种结构组织,其离子价态为Ir~(3+)、Ir~(4+)以及过饱和IrO_(2+x)(x0)。电容性能随着温度的升高呈先增大后减小变化,360℃退火的电极有最大的电容值,与其"非晶态/晶态"两相共存组织结构有关。涂层中质子迁移能力比电子导电能力对电容的影响要大,扫描速度对质子迁移的影响大于对电子导电的影响。