葡萄酒渣多酚的提取工艺优化

葡萄酒加工会产生大量的废弃物即葡萄酒渣,酒渣富含多酚类化合物等生物活性物质.通过单因素试验和正交试验,对葡萄酒渣多酚的浸提工艺进行了优化,确定最佳提取工艺条件为:以60 ％vol乙醇水溶液作为提取剂,料液比为1∶10,提取温度为70℃,提取时间为30 min,在此条件下多酚提取量可达39.56 mg/g.     

葡萄酒中主要的多酚类化合物及其作用

随着多酚类化合物生物化学及药理作用研究的深入,人们对于多酚类化合物的重视程度越来越高.葡萄酒是人们日常饮食中摄取多酚类化合物的一个重要来源.综述了葡萄酒中主要的多酚类化合物及其作用.     

葡萄酒中的多酚类物质及其保健功能

流行病学研究表明 ,适量的饮用葡萄酒有益于身体健康。进一步的研究表明 ,葡萄酒中含有较高水平的多酚类物质 ,如白藜芦醇 ,槲皮酮和儿茶酚等 ,这些物质是强抗氧化剂 ,具有抑制冠心病、动脉粥样硬化、消除自由基、抗癌和抗炎症等作用。文中介绍了葡萄酒中的多酚类物质 ,以及它们的生物活性和作用机理。     

酿酒葡萄皮渣对葡萄酒澄清效果的影响

该研究以未经澄清处理的赤霞珠红葡萄酒和霞多丽白葡萄酒为研究对象,添加不同浓度梯度的酿酒葡萄皮渣,研究酿酒葡萄皮渣对葡萄酒的澄清效果。3种皮渣分别是：70%乙醇浸提的赤霞珠葡萄皮(皮渣1),70%乙醇浸提的赤霞珠葡萄果梗(皮渣2)和未经乙醇浸提的赤霞珠葡萄果梗(皮渣3)。通过测定不同处理下葡萄酒澄清相关指标,得出葡萄皮渣的澄清能力。皮渣对赤霞珠红葡萄酒的澄清结果表明：皮渣1、皮渣2、皮渣3对赤霞珠红葡萄酒澄清效果最佳的质量浓度均为4 g/L,在该浓度处理后皮渣1酒样的浊度值为2.60 NTU,透光率为86.50%;该浓度处理后皮渣2葡萄酒浊度和透光率分别为2.01 NTU和84.85%,总酚含量较未澄清酒样下降量最少;皮渣3在该浓度下葡萄酒浊度和透光率分别为3.17 NTU和82.92%;3种皮渣对赤霞珠葡萄酒澄清效果均较好,但对霞多丽葡萄酒澄清效果均较差。     

SC-CO_2在葡萄酒渣功能性成分提取中的应用

葡萄酒工业产生大量的废弃物即葡萄酒渣,葡萄酒渣富含具有抗氧化活性和医疗保健功能的组分。超临界二氧化碳萃取技术是近年来兴起的一项具有精馏和萃取两过程的高新物质分离精制技术。介绍了超临界二氧化碳萃取的原理、特点及其在葡萄酒渣功能性成分提取中应用的研究进展,旨在为葡萄酒渣的综合利用提供一定的参考和借鉴。     

葡萄酒酚类物质的研究进展

葡萄酒中含有多种酚类成分,这些成分在葡萄酒中起着重要的作用,首先,影响葡萄酒的口感,使葡萄酒具有苦味和收敛性,尤其是红酒;第二,影响葡萄酒的颜色;第三,起到防腐的作用,延长酒的寿命;第四,在葡萄酒中起抗氧化作用.文中介绍了葡萄酒中主要的多酚类化合物及作用.     

河北产区优选酿酒酵母的中试研究

将分离自河北产区的3株本土优良葡萄酒酿酒酵母菌株NJ5、N19、NJ17用于葡萄酒中试发酵,考查不同酵母菌株的发酵性能、所发酵葡萄酒的理化特征、多酚类物质含量和挥发性香气成分组成.结果表明,3株本土酿酒酵母具有良好的发酵性能,可生产具有典型地域特征的葡萄酒,有望于用于河北地区特色葡萄酒的生产.     

葡萄酒的功能因子——白藜芦醇

葡萄酒中的白藜芦醇属于多酚类化合物,具有软化血管,保护心脏,预防癌症的功能。对肿瘤和心脏病的治疗和预防更有明显的作用,因此日益引起人们的关注。     

葡萄酒与健康关系的研究新进展

大量流行病学和实验室研究表明,适量的饮用葡萄酒可有效预防和减少心脑血管疾病、癌症、炎症、认知功能障碍等的发生,同时,对骨质也具有一定程度的保护作用,这些功效与葡萄酒中的多酚类化合物关系密切。近年来,葡萄酒中的生物活性成分与肠道微生物之间的相互作用也受到了广泛关注。该文就葡萄酒与人体健康关系的研究现状进行了回顾,以期为更深入的了解葡萄酒提供参考依据。     

干红葡萄酒营养质量指标研究

目的:葡萄酒中的多酚类生物活性物质对人体具有重要的保健功效,为了提升葡萄酒品质,有利于消费者健康,我们探讨将多酚类生物活性物质作为干红葡萄酒营养质量指标。方法:选取了消费者购买量较大的国产干红葡萄酒,测定了其生物活性成分、糖度、酸度、酒精度、干浸出物以及矿物质的含量,并尝试推荐了营养质量指标及其含量。结果及结论:总酚、钾、白藜芦醇可作为干红葡萄酒的营养质量指标,首选总酚(1300mg/L)和钾(900mg/L),二者可以反映葡萄酒生产过程中葡萄的用量和品质,同时由于二者之间正相关(r=0.484,p<0.01),设立这两个指标可以明显增加掺假的难度,次选白藜芦醇(2mg/L),白藜芦醇虽然含量较低,但可能是总酚中的重要活性物质。     

Antimicrobial Effects of Wine: Separating the Role of Polyphenols,pH, Ethanol,and Other Wine Components

Abstract: While the antimicrobial effectiveness of wine is well documented, relative contributions of the wine components to its antimicrobial activity is controversial. To separate the role of wine phenolics, ethanol, and pH from other wine constituents, the antimicrobial effects of intact wine were compared to that of phenols-stripped wine, dealcoholized wine, ethanol, and low pH applied separately and in combination, against 2 common foodborne pathogens, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis and Escherichia coli. All samples were biochemically characterized with respect to their total phenolics and resveratrol content, antioxidant capacity, ethanol content, and pH. Antioxidative activity of the samples corresponded to their total phenolics content. Except for respective controls, pH and ethanol content were similar in all samples. The order of antibacterial activity of the samples was: intact wine > phenols-stripped wine > dealcoholized wine > combination of ethanol and low pH > low pH > ethanol. Separate application of ethanol or low pH showed negligible antibacterial activity while their combination showed synergistic effect. Antibacterial activity of the samples could not be related to their total phenolics and resveratrol content, antioxidant capacity, ethanol content, or pH. Our study indicates that antimicrobial activity of complex solutions such as intact wine cannot be exclusively attributed to its phenolic or nonphenolic constituents, nor can the antimicrobial activity of wine be predicted on the basis of its particular components.     

浅谈衢州古酒文化

衢州酿酒历史久远，有丰富的酒文化及优质的水资源和糯米资源。在新石器时代遗址中已发掘出印纹陶酒器；在西周时期，衢州的酿酒业和制陶业已相当发达；在宋代，衢州酒业里设有专门管理酒务的官员，酒税一直是历代封建朝廷的主要财源之一。石室酒是衢州的历史名酒，该酒营养丰富，有益健康。     

红姑娘酒的研制

用红姑娘为主原料,经分选,破碎,接入人工培养果酒酵母进行发酵,调配而成的低度红姑娘酒,具有滋补保健功能.     

Moisture sorption isotherms of green chilli

The adsorption and desorption equilibrium moisture contents of green chilli were determined experimentally in relative humidity range of 11‐97% and at the temperatures of 20, 30, 40 and 50°C. The experimental procedure used was a dynamic method with periodically recording of sample mass. The effect of temperature on adsorption and desorption isotherms was found significant. Hystereses were observed for entire range of relative humidity and hysteresis loops decreased with the increase of temperature. Nine sorption isotherm models were fitted the experimental data at the temperatures of 20, 30, 40 and 50 °C. The modified Smith equation was the best fitted equation to the experimental data for relative humidity range of 11‐97% for the adsorption and desorption isotherms of green chilli.     

国内外酒类包装新材料新容器

好包装能提升酒的品位，还有保持及提高酒质量的重要功能。随着酒业的迅速发展，以及消费群体的扩大，国际上酒包装的新材料，新容器相继得到开发和应用，以各自的功能与优势取胜市场。     

布依族酒文化概览

布依族主要聚居于贵州黔南、黔西南布依族苗族自治州及贵州、云南、四川省的部分地区.其中以贵州的布依族人口最多,占全国的97%.布依族人会酿酒、好饮酒.其酿制的酒有糯米酒、刺梨酒、白烧酒等.布依族的酒俗丰富,用拦路酒、鸡头酒习俗、交杯酒、转转酒、讨八字酒等酒俗民风来传递信息和感情;布依族酒文化表现形式丰富,如有迎客歌、敬酒歌、婚庆歌、节庆歌等.(孙悟)     

史前文化时期的酿酒(二)--谷芽酒的酿造及演进

我国的先民在仰韶时期(公元前5000年～公元前3000年)，就利用小口尖底瓮保温发酵酿制谷芽酒，并在该容器内澄清、饮用。到了大汶口时期(公元前4300年～公元前2400年)，酿酒有了较大发展，饮酒之风很盛行，出土了数量较多的大件酿酒发酵窖器——大口尖底陶尊及多姿多彩的酒具，表明了酒已具有礼仪功能。这时期谷芽酒的饮用方法已进步到用饮酒器饮用清酒了。酿酒技术及酒文化已由黄河下游扩展到淮河流域。     

天然低度菠萝酒加工技术研究

以新鲜菠萝为原料,果肉破碎取汁后加入适量蜂蜜并主活性干酵母,经控温发酵等特殊工艺处理,可制各糖分含量高、酒精底低、风味独特的纯天然菠萝酒。     

蓝莓干红酒酿制工艺的研究

根据蓝莓汁初始糖度,酿制12°干红蓝莓酒时将补糖量调整至21%,SO2添加量调整为40mg/L。同时,添加活性干酵母粉,其接种量为0.20%,在25℃条件下控温发酵6d,主发酵结束转入低温陈酿,能够酿制残糖较低、酸度适中、酒体协调、口感醇厚、果香适宜,色泽为深宝石红,具有蓝莓特有典型风格的蓝莓干红酒。     

Evaluation of the consistency of wine quality assessments from expert wine tasters

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the ability of experienced wine tasters to consistently assign quality scores to both red and white wines. Methods and Results: Wine quality scores were collected over a 15‐year period from 571 experienced wine tasters. Consistency was measured by correlating the scores given to duplicate presentations of wines, calculating the pooled variation in repeat scores and assessing their ability to allocate duplicate presentations of the same wine to the same quality category. Although the majority of tasters showed statistically significant consistency, their individual abilities varied considerably and, in general, their ability to consistently score one wine type was a poor predictor of their consistency in scoring the other. Tasters were better able to allocate duplicate presentations of red wines to the same category than white wines, and red wine consistency was improved by combining the scores of three assessors as is done in the Australian wine show system. Conclusions: The ability of experienced wine tasters to consistently rate wines for overall quality varied greatly between individuals, but was generally better for red wines than for whites. Consistency was improved by combining the scores from a small team of tasters. Significance of the Study: The study demonstrates the need to conduct replicate tastings when assessing wines for quality as adequate taster repeatability cannot be guaranteed. Furthermore, using the combined score of a small team of tasters generally results in more consistent quality assessments.