Y2O3掺杂(Bi0.5 Na0.5)0.94 Ba0.06 TiO3无铅压电陶瓷的研究

采用固相合成法制备了Y2O3掺杂(Bi0.5 Na0.5)0.94 Ba0.06 TiO3无铅压电陶瓷.研究了Y2O3掺杂对(Bi0.5 Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06 TiO3陶瓷晶体结构、介电与压电性能的影响.XRD分析表明,在所研究的组成范围内陶瓷均能够形成纯钙钛矿固溶体.介电常数-温度曲线显示陶瓷具有弛豫铁电体特征,陶瓷的弛豫特征随掺杂的增加更为明显.在Y2O3掺杂量为0.5%时陶瓷的压电常数d33分别为137 pC/N,为所研究组成中的最大值,掺杂量为0.1%时,机电耦合系数kp与kt最大值为0.30,0.47.     

Sm2O3掺杂(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3-Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3无铅压电陶瓷的制备与性能

采用固相合成法制备了Sm2O3掺杂的(Ba0.7Ca0.3)TiO3-Ba(Zr0.2Ti0.8)O3(BCZT)无铅压电陶瓷.借助XRD、SEM等手段对该陶瓷的显微结构与电性能进行了研究.结果表明,Sm2O3的掺杂降低了BCZT无铅压电陶瓷的烧结温度并使居里温度点Tc从85℃提高到95℃.当Sm2O3掺杂量为0.02wt%～0.1wt%时,样品具有典型ABO3型钙钛矿结构.Sm2O3掺杂量为0.02wt%时,所得陶瓷样品具有最优综合电性能,其压电常数d33、机电耦合系数kp、机械品质因子Qm、介电损耗tanδ和介电常数εr分别为590 pC/N、0.52、43、1.3%和3372.     

铈和镧掺杂对（Bi1/2Na1/2）0.94Ba0.06TiO3压电陶瓷性能的影响

采用传统陶瓷制备方法，制备出La2O3和CeO2掺杂的（Bi1/2Na1/2）0.94Ba0.06TiO3无铅压电陶瓷，研究了微量稀土元素La,Ce对（Bi1/2Na1/2）0.94Ba0.06TiO3无铅压电陶瓷微观结构、介电与压电性能的影响。XRD分析表明，La2O3和CeO2的掺杂量在0．1％～0．8％C质量分数）范围内都能形成纯钙钛矿（ABO3）型固溶体。测试了不同组成陶瓷的介电、压电性能，陶瓷材料的介电常数．温度曲线显示La2O3掺杂的陶瓷在升温过程中存在两个介电常数温度峰，而CeO2掺杂的陶瓷的低温介电常数温度峰不明显；在La2O3和CeO2掺杂量为0．3％时陶瓷的压电常数d33分别为156pC/N和160pC/N，为所研究组成中的最大值，平面机电耦合系数Kp最大值出现在La2O3和CeO2掺杂量为0．1％时，分别为0.32，0.31。     

La2O3-Y2O3-ZrO2纳米陶瓷粉末的制备及高温相稳定性

用化学共沉淀法制备4.5%Y2O3-ZrO2(YSZ)和0.6%La2O3-YSZ、0.8%La2O3-YSZ、1.2%La2O3-YSZ(0.6La、0.8La、1.2La)(摩尔分数)纳米复合陶瓷粉末,研究了四组粉末的高温相稳定性.结果表明:采用正向滴淀方法制备的0.6La粉末(粒径～50 nm)团聚严重,而用反向...     

Y2O3掺杂量对ZnO-Bi2O3-Nb2O5压敏陶瓷电性能的影响

通过掺杂Y2O3和优化烧结工艺制备了ZnO-Bi2O3-Nb2O5压敏陶瓷。利用XRD、SEM和VSR研究了Y2O3掺杂量对其电性能的影响。结果表明，随着Y2O3掺杂量增加，陶瓷电阻率ρ减小，非线性系数α增大；Bi2O3气氛下烧结（1170℃、保温2．5h）的陶瓷，当x（Bi2O3）和x（Nb2O5）为3％、y（Y2O...     

Y2O3掺杂（Bi0．5Na0．5）0．94Ba0．06TiO3无压电陶瓷的研究铅

采用固相合成法制备了Y2O3掺杂（Bi0．5Na0．5）0．94Ba0．06TiO3无铅压电陶瓷。研究了Y2O3掺杂对（Bi0．5Na0．5）0．94Ba0．06TiO3陶瓷晶体结构、介电与压电性能的影响。XRD分析表明,在所研究的组成范围内陶瓷均能够形成纯钙钛矿固溶体。介电常数-温度曲线显示陶瓷具有弛豫铁电体特征,陶瓷的弛豫特征随掺杂的增加更为明显。在Y2O3掺杂量为0．5％时陶瓷的压电常数d33分别为137pC／N,为所研究组成中的最大值,掺杂量为0．1％时,机电耦合系数kp与kt最大值为0．30,0．47。     

La3+掺杂Co0.5Ni0.5(Fe0.5Cr0.5)2O4尖晶石红外辐射材料的研究

用固相合成法制备La3+掺杂Co0.5Ni0.5(Fe0.5 Cr0.5)2O4尖晶石体系红外辐射材料,并通过DTA-TG、XRD和IRE-2型红外辐射测试等方法研究了材料的结构特征与红外辐射性能的关系,结果表明:随着La3+含量的增加,La3+以不同的形式进入Co0.5Ni0.5(Fe0.5 Cr0.5)2O4体系中,当La2O3掺杂浓度为5%(质量分数)时,样品的法向全波段辐射率达到0.91.     

Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-K0.5Bi0.5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷的制备与性能

采用传统的干压成型法制备了Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-K0.5Bi0.5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷,研究了不同K0.5Bi0.5TiO3含量对Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-K0.5Bi0.5TiO3陶瓷的微观结构与电性能的影响规律.结果表明,Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-K0.5Bi0.5TiO3无铅压电陶瓷随K0.5Bi0.5TiO3含量增加,晶格常数增大,密度减小,晶粒尺寸减小,压电常数先增大后减小,介电常数增大,介电损耗增加,机械品质因数下降,而居里温度不断升高,在200℃附近存在由铁电相向反铁电相转变的一个相变点,组分为0.84 Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.16 K0.5Bi0.5TiO3的陶瓷位于准同型相界附近,具有最佳的压电性能.     

Sb_2O_3掺杂对(Na_(1-x)K_x)_(0.5)Bi_(0.5)TiO_3无铅压电陶瓷性能的影响

采用传统工艺制备了(Na0.84K0.16)0.5Bi0.5TiO3压电陶瓷,研究掺杂离子Sb3+对(Na0.84K0.16)0.5Bi0.5TiO3微观结构和电性能的影响。结果表明烧结温度在1160℃时,样品密度达到最大值5.85g/cm3;X射线衍射(XRD)分析所有陶瓷样品均为钙钛矿相,Sb2O3的掺杂只改变晶胞体积或产生铋离子空位或钠离子空位,不形成异相;掺杂量在0.4%~0.6%时介电常数先增加后减小,介电损耗呈现增大趋势;掺杂0.5%的Sb2O3时,d33最大为142pC/N。     

Ta掺杂对Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.02NaNbO3压电、介电性能的影响

在制备无铅压电陶瓷的前沿探索中首次研究了Ta掺杂对Na0.5Bi0.5TiO3-0.02NaNbO3系压电陶瓷的压电、介电性能的影响.研究表明,掺杂适量的Ta有利于提高其性能.当Ta掺杂量为0.4mol时,压电常数d33达到最大值114pC/N;相对介电常数εT33/ε0、机电耦合系数kp也达到最大值431和0.184;而介电损耗tgδ随Ta含量的增加变化不大.     

ZnAl_2O_4和La_2O_3对Ca_(0.61)Nd_(0.26)TiO_3-MgTiO_3复合陶瓷介电性能的影响

通过传统的固相反应合成掺杂ZnAl_2O_4和La~(3+)(来自La_2O_3)的Ca_(0.61)Nd_(0.26)TiO_3-MgTiO_3复合陶瓷粉体,干压成型后在空气气氛下常压烧结制备ZnAl_2O_4和La~(3+)掺杂Ca_(0.61)Nd_(0.26)TiO_3-MgTiO_3复合陶瓷样品。分别研究了La~(3+)和ZnAl_2O_4的掺杂量对复合陶瓷样品的微观形貌、相组成和介电性能的影响。结果表明:ZnAl_2O_4具有细化晶粒的作用;Ca_(0.61)Nd_(0.26)TiO_3-MgTiO_3复合陶瓷样品的致密度随La~(3+)和ZnAl_2O_4含量的增加而增加;介电常数和谐振频率温度系数随ZnAl_2O_4含量的增加而减小,随La_2O_3添加量变化不大;品质因数值随ZnAl_2O_4含量的增加先增加后减小。制备出的ZnAl_2O_4和La~(3+)掺杂Ca_(0.61)Nd_(0.26)TiO_3-MgTiO_3复合陶瓷致密度达到94%以上,介电常数在40~50之间,谐振频率温度系数小于40×10~(-6)℃~(-1),品质因数大于38 000GHz,可以用于通信技术领域。     

Dielectric and piezoelectric properties of CeO2-added nonstoichiometric (Na0.5K0.5)0.97(Nb0.96Sb0.04)O3 ceramics for piezoelectric energy harvesting device applications

In this study, nonstoichiometric (Na(0.5)K(0.5))(0.97)(Nb(0.96)Sb(0.04))O(3) ceramics were fabricated and their dielectric and piezoelectric properties were investigated according to the CeO(2) addition. In this ceramic composition, CeO(2) addition improved sinterability, electromechanical coupling factor k(p), mechanical quality factor Q(m), piezoelectric constant d(33), and g(33). At the sintering temperature of 1100°C, for the 0.2wt% CeO(2) added specimen, the optimum values of density = 4.359 g/cm(3), k(p) = 0.443, Q(m) = 588, ε(r) = 444, d(33) = 159 pC/N, and g(33) = 35 × 10(-3) V·m/N, were obtained. A piezoelectric energy harvesting device using 0.2 wt% CeO(2)- added lead-free (K(0.5)Na(0.5))(0.97)(Nb(0.96)Sb(0.04))O(3) ceramics and a rectifying circuit for energy harvesting were fabricated and their electrical characteristics were investigated. Under an external vibration acceleration of 0.7 g, when the mass, the frequency of vibration generator, and matching load resistance were 2.4 g, 70 Hz, and 721 Ω, respectively, output voltage and power of piezoelectric harvesting device indicated the optimum values of 24.6 mV(rms) and 0.839 μW, respectively-suitable for application as the electric power source of a ubiquitous sensor network (USN) sensor node.     

柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米Y_2O_3:Eu~(3+)粉体

以Eu2O3,Y2O3为原料通过柠檬酸溶胶-凝胶法合成了Y2O3:Eu3+纳米粉,研究了pH值、柠檬酸用量(n[H3Cit]:n[Y3++Eu3+])及煅烧温度对粉体制备过程的影响。利用TG-DTA、XRD、SEM等测试手段对粉体的形成过程进行了分析。结果表明:Y2O3:Eu3+纳米粉体的一次粒径为25nm左右,二次粒径为250nm左右。纳米Y2O3:Eu3+粉体制备最佳实验条件为pH=5,n[H3Cit]:n[Y3++Eu3+]为2:1,煅烧温度为600℃。     

Formation and microwave dielectric properties of Sr(Ga0.5Ta0.5)O3-based complex perovskites

The Sr(Ga0.5Ta0.5)O3-based perovskites with O2- and/or Sr2+ vacancies were formed by changing the A-site and/or B-site cation ratios. The Sr-deficient perovskites with a limited composition of Sr0.86(Ga0.36Ta0.64)O3 could be obtained, whereas oxygen vacancies were hardly created. The B′-site Ga3+ cation could be replaced with large Sc3+, In3+, Y3+, Nd3+ and La3+. The crystal symmetry of the complex perovskites changed from cubic (B′=Ga3+, Sc3+, In3+) to tetragonal (B′=La3+) through rhombohedral (B′=Y3+, Nd3+). The dielectric permittivities of these ceramics indicated no distinct dependence on the B′-site cation species. The temperature coefficient of permittivity might be associated with the symmetry change of the perovskite phases. Higher microwave Qf values, >Qf=38 000 GHz, were obtained for our complex perovskite ceramics, except with B′=La3+. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

La2O3-TiC/W复合材料组织结构与力学性能

采用真空热压烧结法制备La₂O₃-TiC/W复合材料,并对其组织结构和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明：在一定成分范围内,La₂O₃和TiC的加入提高了复合材料的力学性能,La₂O₃和TiC共同作用时的强化效果强于La₂O₃和TiC单独作用的强化效果,但La₂O₃-TiC/W复合材料的密度和相对密度随TiC含量的增加而下降,并进而影响硬度和弹性模量的提高, 适量的La₂O₃有益于相对密度的提高;抗弯强度在1%La2O3 5%TiC/W成分含量时出现最大值901MPa,而断裂韧性在成分含量为0.5%La₂O₃-10%TiC/W时出现最大值10.07MPa·m1/2。本研究中,1%La₂O₃-5%TiC/W成分配比时具有较好的综合力学性能。La₂O₃-TiC/W复合材料的强化机制为细晶强化和载荷传递,韧化机制为细晶韧化、裂纹偏转和桥接。     

Effect of metal doping into Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 on photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Ce0.45Zr0.45M0.1OX (M=Y, La, Mn)

The paper demonstrates that the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 towards the decomposition of gaseous benzene in a batch reactor can be greatly improved by loading TiO2 on the surface of CeO(2)-ZrO(2). The research investigates the effects of three metals doping into Ce(0.5)Zr(0.5)O(2) on photocatalytic activity of TiO2/Ce(0.45)Zr(0.45)M(0.1)O(X) (M=Y, La, Mn). The prepared photocatalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, UV-vis diffuse reflectance and XPS analyses. BET surface area of TiO2/Ce(0.45)Zr(0.45)M(0.1)O(X) (M=Y, La, Mn) is smaller than that of Ce(0.5)Zr(0.5)O(2). XRD results reveal that the deposited titania is highly dispersed as in the CeO(2)-ZrO(2) matrix, doping M in the CeO(2)-ZrO(2) lattice causes the changing of lattice space and the diffraction peaks shift to higher 2theta position. Among these four catalysts, the band gap value of TiO(2)/Ce(0.45)Zr(0.45)La(0.1)O(X) is the lowest. The binding energy value of Ti 2p(3/2) of four catalysts transfers to a lower value. The order of photocatalytic activity is TiO2/Ce(0.45)Zr(0.45)La(0.1)O(X)>TiO2/Ce(0.45)Zr(0.45)Y(0.1)O(X)>TiO2/Ce(0.45)Zr(0.45)Mn(0.1)O(X)>TiO2/Ce(0.5)Zr(0.5)O(2)>TiO2. The proposed mechanism is of electron transfer and the stronger absorption in the region 210-400 nm.     

凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备纳米La_2O_2CO_3粉体

研究一种以溶胶-凝胶作为前躯体制备纳米La2O2CO3粉体的新方法,以柠檬酸和硝酸镧为原料,采用凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备纳米La2O2CO3粉体,并利用X射线衍射、差热分析、透射电镜等手段对合成产物进行表征,确定最佳的工艺条件。结果表明:在前驱溶液的pH值为2,烘干温度为400℃,煅烧温度为600℃时,可以制备出平均晶粒尺寸为30 nm的La2O2CO3颗粒,且粉体的粒径均匀,粒径分布狭窄。     

共沉淀法制备Nd3+:Y2O3透明陶瓷

以Y2O3为基质材料,掺杂不同含量的Nd3+添加PEG和(NH4)2SO4为分散剂,采用共沉淀法制备出性能良好的Nd3+:Y2O3纳米粉.对前驱体和不同温度下煅烧后的粉体进行差热热重、X射线衍射、比表面积和透射电镜等分析.结果表明,前驱体产物为Y2(OH)5(NO3)·nH2O时,Nd3+完全固溶于Y2O3的立方晶格中,Nd3+:Y2O3粉体大小均匀,近似球形.随着煅烧温度的升高,颗粒逐渐长大,900℃煅烧2h后颗粒尺寸约为40～60nm;粉体在1700℃和真空度为1×10-3Pa条件下烧结6h得到的Nd3+:Y2O3透明陶瓷的透光率接近78%.