实验性T多凝集红细胞的血型检测

人红细胞经神经氨酸酶处理后,与A、B、A B、O型成人血清及人血清制备的血型试剂都出现血凝,抗A、抗B血型单克隆抗体只与相应红细胞凝集;抗T单抗和花生血凝素只与T激活红细胞反应;抗M、抗N单抗和兔免疫血清试剂与T激活红细胞无凝集。进一步证实了人血清及其制备的血型试剂中含有抗T抗体。用血型单克隆抗体检测T激活红细胞,能得到正确的ABO定型;T激活红细胞的MN抗原已被神经氨酸酶破坏,用单抗和兔免疫血清试剂抗M、抗N都不能判断其原来MN血型。     

1名Am亚型患者的血型血清学鉴定及输血策略

目的对Am亚型患者的血型进行血清学鉴定,并为其输血选择适合的血液成分。方法对1名ABO正反定型不相符患者,用抗-A、抗-A1、抗-B、抗-AB和抗-H单抗检测红细胞ABH抗原;A、B、O型红细胞与血浆反应检测ABO血型抗体及不规则抗体;吸收放散试验检测红细胞弱抗原;中和抑制试验检测唾液中ABH血型物质。根据患者血型血清学检测结果,选择相容血液成分进行输血。结果该患者符合Am亚型的血型血清学特征,输入O型少白细胞红细胞6U,A型单采血小板1治疗量后,均能达到预期疗效,无不良反应。输血后3个月的血型血清学检测结果与输血前完全一致。结论ABO血型鉴定时坚持正、反定型,可避免将Am亚型误定为O型,对Am亚型的准确鉴定有赖于多种血型血清学试验。Am亚型患者输血时可选择O型红细胞、A型血小板、A型或AB型血浆。     

Bel亚型的血型血清学特征及其遗传背景分析

目的分析Bel亚型的血型血清学特征及其遗传背景。方法采用红细胞凝集试验检测先证者及其家庭成员红细胞上的A、B、H抗原和血清中的抗-A、抗-B抗体;凝集抑制试验检测唾液中的A、B、H血型物质;吸收放散试验检测红细胞表面是否存在B抗原。用序列特异性引物多聚酶链式反应技术(PCR-SSP)进行ABO血型基因分型。结果先证者与其父确定为Bel亚型;先证者的两个妹妹分别为ABel亚型和A型;先证者的母亲、配偶、女儿、儿子分别为A、AB、A和B型。结论Bel亚型有家族遗传性。     

α-半乳糖苷酶的医学研究进展

本文综述α-半乳糖苷酶在医学领域的应用,分析α-半乳糖苷酶与Fabry疾病、血型转换和异种器官移植的关系和研究进展。     

谱红细胞库的建立与应用

目的　通过对献血员和血站职工等群体普查ABO、Rh、MNSs、Duffy等 12个血型系统抗原 ,建立谱红细胞库和谱红细胞反应格局 ,用于临床鉴定特异性抗体。方法　选用盐水、菠萝酶和间接抗人球蛋白法。结果　筛出 9组O型Rh血型遣传式 (R1R1、R2 R2 、R1R2 、R1RZ、R2 RZ、R1r、R2 r、rr、rr′)和 2 9种抗原 (D、C、E、c、e、Cw、M、N、S、s、P1、Lea、Leb、Fya、Fyb、K、k、KPa、Kpb、Kpc、JSa、JSb、Dia、Xga、Lua、Lub、JKa、JKb、Jra)。结论　精选出 15个O型红细胞组成谱细胞格局 ,有 2 0种抗原鉴定抗体概率符合P <0 .0 5的要求。目的　通过对献血员和血站职工等群体普查ABO、Rh、MNSs、Duffy等 12个血型系统抗原 ,建立谱红细胞库和谱红细胞反应格局 ,用于临床鉴定特异性抗体。方法　选用盐水、菠萝酶和间接抗人球蛋白法。结果　筛出 9组O型Rh血型遣传式 (R1R1、R2 R2 、R1R2 、R1RZ、R2 RZ、R1r、R2 r、rr、rr′)和 2 9种抗原 (D、C、E、c、e、Cw、M、N、S、s、P1、Lea、Leb、Fya、Fyb、K、k、KPa、Kpb、Kpc、JSa、JSb、Dia、Xga、Lua、Lub、JKa、JKb、Jra)。结论　精选出 15个O型红细胞组成谱细胞格局 ,有 2 0种抗原鉴定抗体概率符合P <0 .0 5的要求。     

一种改良的检测抗细胞膜单克隆抗体的ELISA法

<正> 作者应用ATCC-CD_(38)单抗(USA)与活化的Sepharose-4B株(pharmacia)偶联,用1％NP_(40)(Sigma)溶解人胸腺细胞后进行亲和层析,MgCl_2解离CD_(38)抗原。用BCA试剂(pierce)测定蛋白质浓度。用亲和层析纯化的CD_(38)抗原0.1μg/100μl于酶标板孔中4℃包被过夜。包被缓冲液为pH6.5的PBS(含0.02％NaN_3和0.5％牛血清白蛋白)。测定时板孔用含0.05％的Tween-20的Tris-HCV缓冲液(TBS-T)洗3次,然后加待测的杂交瘤细胞培养上清和阳性、阴性对照以及空白对照液100μl/孔,放37℃湿盒     

pH值对沉淀法制备Al_2O_3相转变的影响

为获得Al2O3粉体,以Al(NO3)3为原料,NH3.H2O为沉淀剂,采用液相化学沉淀法,在不同pH值下制备了Al(OH)3前驱体,并利用TEM,XRD,TGA等分析手段对前驱体进行了表征。pH=5时前驱体的相转变主要是由非晶Al(OH)3→非晶Al2O3→α-Al2O3;pH=9及pH=11前驱体的相转变主要是由Al(OH)3→γ-Al2O3→θ-Al2O3→α-Al2O3。XRD结果表明,低pH值时制备的Al(OH)3更容易转化为α-Al2O3稳定相。pH=5时前驱体在1 100℃就可转变为α-Al2O3稳定相,而pH=9和pH=11时制备的前驱体则分别需在1 150℃和1 200℃才能转变为α-AlO。研究表明,pH值对制备的前驱体的物相、形貌、相转变都有很大影响。     

磁性壳聚糖微球的制备及其用于甲酸脱氢酶的固定化

分别采用乳化交联法和共沉淀法制备磁性壳聚糖微球载体,并对形貌结构进行比较,结果表明,采用共沉淀法制备的磁性壳聚糖微球负载Fe3O4的效果好,故将其作为载体固定甲酸脱氢酶。最佳固定化条件:添加酶量9 U.g-1,pH=7.0,固定化时间5 h。游离酶和固定化酶的最适宜反应温度分别为50℃和30℃;游离酶的最适宜pH=7.0,固定化酶的最适宜pH=6.0;将游离酶和固定化酶分别置于60℃恒温水浴放置180 min后,游离酶和固定化酶的相对酶活力分别为0.78%和40.39%;将游离酶和固定化酶置于不同pH的缓冲液中保存1 h后,在强酸(pH=2.0)和强碱(pH=10.0)条件下,固定化酶的相对酶活力分别为11.03%和38.43%,游离酶已全部失活;固定化酶重复使用6次后,相对酶活力为73.53%,表明固定化酶具有较好的热稳定性、酸碱稳定性和操作稳定性。     

还原氧化石墨烯固定化溶菌酶的研究

为了改善游离酶稳定性差、易失活、不易储存等缺点，将还原氧化石墨烯(RGO)作为载体进行溶菌酶固定化研究。考察了溶菌酶浓度、缓冲液pH和固定化时间对固定化酶活力的影响，通过正交实验得出最佳固定化条件，溶菌酶质量浓度为0.5 mg/mL、缓冲液pH为6.0、固定化时间为2 h时，固定化酶的活力最高。固定化酶的最适温度为55℃、最适pH为6.5,热稳定性、耐酸碱性和储存稳定性都比游离酶有所提高。固定化酶的抑菌性明显优于游离酶，对金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和白色念珠菌均具有较好的抑制效果。     

一种螺旋甾碱烷型糖苷生物碱及其制备方法与用途

正申请号:CN201710086724.6申请日:017.02.17公开(公告)号:CN106939031A本发明提供了一种螺旋甾碱烷型糖苷生物碱(3β,5α,22α,25R)螺旋甾碱烷-3-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→2)-O-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-(1→4)-β-D-吡喃半乳糖苷及其制备方法与用途,该螺旋甾碱烷型糖苷生物碱对人肺腺癌细胞A549、人大细胞肺癌细胞H460和人肺鳞癌细胞SK-MES-1均具有抑制作用,且对A549细胞的半抑制     

Blood Group O→A Transformation by Chemical Ligation of Erythrocytes

Agglutination of red blood cells (RBCs) remains the only practical method for routine use for ABH typing in clinical practice. However, exact mechanistic details of agglutination are not yet thoroughly studied. In this research, RBCs of blood group O were converted to blood group A through two approaches: by chemical ligation of the cells’ glycocalyx with synthetic blood group A tetrasaccharide, and by insertion of synthetic glycolipid carrying the same A antigen into the cells’ membranes. The O→A ligated RBCs and natural A RBCs showed comparable agglutination characteristics with antibodies. As expected, RBCs with inserted glycolipid showed lower agglutination scores. This approach could help cell biologists in site-specific and cell-friendly modification of glycocalyx by other ligands.     

自身免疫性溶血性贫血患者成分输血的疗效观察

目的探讨自身免疫性溶血性贫血(AHIA)患者成分输血的临床疗效。方法对15例输注洗涤红细胞的AHIA患者(A组)和15例输注红细胞悬液的AHIA患者(B组)的临床资料进行回顾性对比分析。结果 A、B两组患者输血24h后,血红蛋白(Hb)、红细胞(RBC)数量和血细胞比容(Hct)均升高;同组内输血前后比较,差异均有统计学意义;两组间输血前后差异均无统计学意义。A组中5例患者输注洗涤红细胞联合血浆置换治疗AHIA,临床症状明显改善。结论输注洗涤红细胞与红细胞悬液治疗AHIA,其临床效果差异无统计学意义;输注洗涤红细胞联合血浆置换治疗AHIA效果显著。     

抗人M型红细胞膜血型糖蛋白A单克隆抗体的理化特性研究

本文报告了理化因素对抗人M型红细胞膜血型糖蛋白A单克隆抗体（4E6、4H6、4D8、2C8）活性的影响。在PH7.5～9.5，反应温度20～30℃范围内，只有4E6特异性凝集具有M血型抗原的红细胞，其余各单克隆抗体与N型红细胞有交叉凝集反应。选择pH8.0，20℃适宜的反应条件，用4E6单充隆抗体对516份成人外周血及65份胎儿脐带血进行MN分型，结果与市售MN分型用动物免疫标准血清完全一致。4E6对猪等8种动物红细胞无交叉反应。     

Relation between erythrocyte free protoporphyrins and usual iron intake in a group of University of Buenos Aires students

In order to analyze the interrelationships between free erythrocyte protoporphyrins and the usual iron intake in adult students, biochemical, and hematological values, and dietary daily intake, obtained using the recall method during seven days, were studied. Hematocrit (Hto.), hemoglobin (Hb) and free erythrocyte protoporphyrins (FEP) were determined in a group of 145 female university students, healthy according to the standard parameters of the Buenos Aires University Health Department. Mean iron intake was 23.0 +/- 1.5 mg per day, about 44% being provided by animal sources; 74.5% of the population was within the recommended daily intake according to FAO/WHO; only 0.7% of the population did not cover protein requirements while 35% did not cover energy needs. Hto. and Hb were below normal levels in 7.8% of the population when compared with standards according to ICNND. To obtain information about normal values to FEP, expressed as microgram/100 ml red cells (FEP% r.c.) and FEP/Hb ratio, the group of students with adequate intake of energy and proteins who had normal values for Hb and Hto. was selected. This group, including 94 women, had a mean FEP% r.c. of 15.71 +/- 7.26 and a mean FEP/Hb ratio of 0.44 +/- 0.21. There was observed an inverse correlation between FEP% r.c. and FEP/Hb with total iron intake (r = 0.80 and r = 0.78, respectively) and between FEP% r.c. and Hb concentration (r = 0.81). These results confirm the usefulness of the free erythrocyte protoporphyrins determination as a good index of iron stores and usual intake of this population.     

Production of L-phenylacetylcarbinol (L-PAC) by encapsulatedSaccharomyces cerevisiae cells

In the present study, benzaldehyde was converted by both the free cellsSaccharomyces cerevisiae (ATCC 834) and those immobilized in the calcium alginate liquid-core capsule intoL-PAC during anaerobic fermentation in a medium containing benzaldehyde. In a free cells survey, skipping aerobic adaptation before anaerobic fermentation caused all of benzaldehyde to be converted by 220 g (wet weight) of cells in 100 mL of the medium even at a higher concentration of 8 g/L benzaldehyde. The yield of L-PAC based on the moles of converted benzaldehyde increased as the amount of benzaldehyde dose was increased. The encapsulation protected cells effectively from the toxicity of benzaldehyde. Even a small quantity, 1.1 g (dry weight), of encapsulated cells in 100 mL of the medium containing 0.6% benzaldehyde converted more than 95% of the benzaldehyde, and the corresponding yield of L-PAC was about 40%. The production of L-PAC by the encapsulated cells depended on the pH of the medium. The conversion of benzaldehyde decreased slightly, but yield of L-PAC increased as the pH of the broth solution was fixed at a lower value. Biotransformation in a small side reactor of the batch system caused higher yield of L-PAC than that in the batch reactor containing the same quantity of encapsulated cells during the first 4 hours of fermentation.     

木素过氧化物酶降解偶氮染料卡布龙红的动力学及过程模型

研究了用含有木素过氧化物酶活力的酶液降解偶氮染料卡布龙红的动力学和过程 .在实验基础上 ,提出木素过氧化物酶降解卡布龙红的反应机理 ,并推导出了降解卡布龙红的酶反应速率方程 .应用该速率方程 ,考虑H₂ O₂ 的自消失和H₂ O₂ 对酶失活的影响以及产物卡布龙红正离子自由基的反应 ,建立了酶液分批降解卡布龙红的过程模型 ,模型计算值与实验数据符合良好     

血催化鲁米诺化学发光性能的研究

采用荧光分光光度法,建立了血催化过氧化氢氧化鲁米诺的化学发光体系。考察了缓冲体系、pH值、血液浓度等对鲁米诺化学发光性能的影响。结果表明,当采用56.60mmol·L^-1 Na2CO3-NaHCO3缓冲体系与30.0mmol·L^-1 H2O2溶液（B液）混合时,在pH=8.98的条件下,血液浓度越高,血催化鲁米诺化学发光性能越好。     

Metabolic Reprogramming in Sickle Cell Diseases: Pathophysiology and Drug Discovery Opportunities

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a genetic disorder that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Chronic anemia, hemolysis, and vasculopathy are associated with SCD, and their role has been well characterized. These symptoms stem from hemoglobin (Hb) polymerization, which is the primary event in the molecular pathogenesis of SCD and contributes to erythrocyte or red blood cell (RBC) sickling, stiffness, and vaso-occlusion. The disease is caused by a mutation at the sixth position of the β-globin gene, coding for sickle Hb (HbS) instead of normal adult Hb (HbA), which under hypoxic conditions polymerizes into rigid fibers to distort the shapes of the RBCs. Only a few therapies are available, with the universal effectiveness of recently approved therapies still being monitored. In this review, we first focus on how sickle RBCs have altered metabolism and then highlight how this understanding reveals potential targets involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, which can be leveraged to create novel therapeutics for SCD.