基于层次分析和灰色关联分析法的城市天然气门站安全评价

城市天然气门站安全状况好坏,直接决定了整个城市天然气系统能否正常、平稳运行,为此提出运用层次分析和灰色关联分析法对城市天然气门站进行安全状况分析。通过对天然气门站危险因素的分析,建立了门站安全评价指标体系,运用层次分析法得出评价指标权重,运用灰色关联分析得出参评数据序列与标准数据序列之间的关联度,关联度最大值所对应的标准安全等级,即为天然气门站安全等级,并针对评价结果,给出相应的日常安全工作重点。用该方法对常州天然气门站进行安全评价,得到门站安全等级为Ⅱ级,这与门站实际运行状况相符,说明用该方法对城市天然气门站进行安全评价是有效的、可靠的。能够为城市天然气门站安全管理提供依据。     

CNG加气站事故分析及处理对策

统计近几年发生的CNG加气站事故案例,分析了CNG加气站事故的主要影响因素,将CNG加气站事故类型的划分为燃烧、爆炸、泄露三种。总结了CNG加气站存在的主要安全问题:天然气特性、加气设备问题、CNG储气瓶问题、CNG气质问题、存在多种引火源、违规操作问题。针对实际情况提出了有针对性保证加气站安全运行的对策措施:保障CNG加气站气质、提高加气机安全性能、解决储气瓶问题、提高员工素质、制订严格的规章制度,对CNG站的安全管理和运营有一定的指导意义。     

CNG加气站地下储气井泄漏分析

高压地下储气井是目前我国压缩天然气（CNG）加气站主要的储气方式。CNG加气站一般建在人口密集的城市,一旦发生事故,便会造成巨大的人员伤亡和严重的财产损失,因此,保证CNG加气站的安全是一个具有重要意义的问题。目前我国储气井发生的事故主要有储气井泄漏,储气井井筒上浮或下沉等事故,本文将论述CNG加气站高压气地下储气井发生泄漏的类型,原因及泄漏扩散分析方法。为储气井的安全评价提供一定的参考价值,从而加快储气井在我国的推广应用。     

CNG加气站安全评价技术研究

压缩天然气（CNG）作为一种新型燃料,由于燃烧充分、利用价值高、污染小,受到普遍欢迎,目前在我国正在普遍推广。但是,由于CNG又是一种易燃易爆气体,加之CNG加气站大多数处在城市人口稠密区,如发生意外,极易造成严重的经济损失和人员伤亡。因此,本文对国内外CNG加气站安全评价技术进行了研究,并指出必须进一步加大投入,采取科学、系统、完善的措施以提高我国CNG加气站安全评价技术水平,改变我国CNG加气站的安全现状,促进CNG加气站的安全运行。     

CNG加气站初步设计及安全风险评价

CNG(压缩天然气)作为当今汽车能源的重要组成部分,凭借其污染小、经济性好、成本低等优势得到迅速推广,CNG汽车市场占有率越来越大,CNG加气站的需求量也日益增加。根据《汽车加油加气站设计与施工规范》,对某CNG加气站进行初步设计,并结合国内外CNG加气站安全风险评价技术,采取科学、系统、完善的方针,对该CNG加气站进行安全风险评价。     

浅析GNG加气站的建设与安全管理

随着我国社会经济的不断发展,社会大众不断提高了对环境的关注度,然而随着汽车数量的逐年增多,对空气质量造成了极大程度的污染。压缩天然气作为一种极佳的代替能源,不仅成本较低,还不会产生污染,可促进改善空气质量。所以,CNG汽车在我国得到越来越广泛的推广,由此也推动了CNG加气站的建设。本文首先阐述了CNG加气站建设的意义,然后探讨了CNG加气站的建设与安全管理措施,以期为促进CNG加气站的安全有序运行提供一些借鉴。     

CNG加气站工艺流程优化

CNG即压缩天然气,为优化CNG加气站工艺流程,首先要保障CNG加气站的安全性,从而提高CNG加气站的可持续发展。随着输气管道的不断建设,为CNG加气站的发展既带来了挑战,也带来了机遇,因此,要针对当前CNG加气站中出现的问题实施优化设计的处理。对CNG加气站的工艺流程优化设计进行了研究,提出了CNG加气站工艺流程优化设计的设计方案。     

浅谈CNG母站节能降耗问题

目前我国CMG汽车保有量和CNG加气站数量在持续增加,但在安全管理和节能降耗方面的技术研究相对落后,CNG加气站各种问题日渐凸现,本文简单介绍CNG加气站工作流程,并针对CNG加气站的现有设备及日常运行情况,从各个方面提出合理性建议,以便于解决CNG母站在节能降耗方面存在的问题。     

CNG加气站原料天然气膜分离法脱水可行性分析

阐述了CNG汽车与CNG加气站原料天然气脱水现状;从天然气膜分离法脱水优势、CNG加气站原料天然气规模与气压,膜分离技术的发展及分子筛原料成本增加以及CNG加气站原料天然气脱水适用的膜分离方法等几方面进行了技术调研,分析阐述了CNG加气站原料天然气膜分离法脱水的可行性,对CNG加气站原料天然气膜分离法集成脱水系统经济效果进行了估算,以期作为CNG原料天然气膜法脱水工艺工业试验的依据和参考.     

浅析CNG加气站施工管理

CNG加气站是指以压缩天然气(CNG)形式向天然气汽车和大型CNG子站车提供燃料的场所。本文主要从人员管理、材料管理、机械管理三个方面对常规CNG加气站的施工管理进行简要阐述。     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997