Analyzing of research patterns based on a temporal tracking and assessing model

Scientific research works conducted by researchers spread all over the world in every research field, which are hard to be tracked and quantified. Although there are many research works focused on scientific community discovery and researcher profiling, it is still a big challenge to track the research patterns and assess the research development for an individual researcher or a research group over time. In this study, we seek to model researchers’ scientific activities and quantify their outcome during their research career. A temporal tracking and assessing model is introduced to represent the research development and quantify the scientific outcome for both an individual and a group along the time. Based on our model, a research topic analyzing approach is developed to extract the topics covered by a research group for the research pattern analysis. Furthermore, a latent research pattern discovering approach is proposed to depict how a research group’s research works contributed by its members are discovered and visualized. The effectiveness of our approach is evaluated based on a real academic dataset.     

Interpretation,intervention, and reduction in the organizational laboratory: a framework for in-context information system research

Understanding how technical artefacts are created and used within organizations is a central aspect of the IS research discipline. The conduct of research in an organizational setting is thus a major issue for the IS community. A research framework for in-context IS research is presented and used to position purified and hybrid forms of research method. From the framework theoretical support for an `action case' research method is presented. Two IS research cases are presented and analyzed using the IS research framework, leading to a practice-based rationale for an action case method. Characteristics of the action case method, a hybrid of interpretation and intervention, are described. Learning at three levels of analysis—concrete, general, and meta—is proposed and used as a way of reflecting on IS research methods and IS research frameworks.     

女性IT教育研究支持系统数据仓库的设计研究

我院关于女性IT教育的研究已经取得了一些成果,日常的教学管理在校园网上也积累了大量可用于女性IT教育研究的数据。如何利用这些信息资源为女性IT教育研究服务,也是我院重要的研究课题。本文针对女性IT教育研究支持系统需求特点,提出了3层结构化的研究支持系统的体系结构,并提出了支持系统数据仓库的设计思路和实现方法。     

基于私有云盘的科研协同平台

分析了科研协同平台发展现状,总结了目前三种常见的科研协同平台构建方式,即基于Web2.0的科研协同平台、基于管理流程的科研协同平台、基于文档管理的科研协同平台.常见科研协同平台虽各有特色,但对科研核心活动的协同支持不足.然后探讨了科研协同的概念及类型,设计了基于私有云盘的科研管理流程、科研协同流程,提出了基于私有云盘的科研协同平台的总体架构,并设计了其功能结构.最后对基于私有云盘的科研协同平台的实现及应用进行讨论.基于私有云盘的科研协同平台对于当前高校科研信息化具有很好的支持及借鉴意义.     

Pragmatism <Emphasis Type="Italic">vs</Emphasis> interpretivism in qualitative information systems research

Qualitative research is often associated with interpretivism, but alternatives do exist. Besides critical research and sometimes positivism, qualitative research in information systems can be performed following a paradigm of pragmatism. This paradigm is associated with action, intervention and constructive knowledge. This paper has picked out interpretivism and pragmatism as two possible and important research paradigms for qualitative research in information systems. It clarifies each paradigm in an ideal-typical fashion and then conducts a comparison revealing commonalities and differences. It is stated that a qualitative researcher must either adopt an interpretive stance aiming towards an understanding that is appreciated for being interesting; or a pragmatist stance aiming for constructive knowledge that is appreciated for being useful in action. The possibilities of combining pragmatism and interpretivism in qualitative research in information systems are analysed. A research case (conducted through action research (AR) and design research (DR)) that combines interpretivism and pragmatism is used as an illustration. It is stated in the paper that pragmatism has influenced IS research to a fairly large extent, albeit in a rather implicit way. The paradigmatic foundations are seldom known and explicated. This paper contributes to a further clarification of pragmatism as an explicit research paradigm for qualitative research in information systems. Pragmatism is considered an appropriate paradigm for AR and DR.     

我国水利信息化研究热点分析与趋势展望——基于 CiteSpace 和 VOSviewer 的知识图谱分析

水利信息化是现代信息技术和水利、供排水等多学科交叉的研究领域，正在获得政府水行政主管部门和学术界学者越来越多的重视和关注。研究选取1996—2020 年 CNKI 数据库收录的水利信息化和智慧水务等文献作为样本数据，以 CiteSpace 和 VOSviewer 知识图谱可视化软件为支撑，采用文献计量方法对水利信息化研究群体及历程，以及不同发展阶段的研究热点进行分析。结果表明：水利信息化已初步形成政府机构、科研院所、高校及产业界共同推进和合作研究的局面，研究初具规模，但以理念探讨和定性研究为主，理论和权威性研究成果较少。水利信息化研究自1996年起步，2001—2010 年为信息系统大规模建设与应用阶段，2011 年起开始进入智慧水务研究和建设的新阶段，预计未来在政策引导、技术创新和业务需求“三轮”共同驱动下，研究成果将快速增加，研究手段逐渐从定性描述转向定量研究。     

女性IT教育研究支持系统数据仓库的设计研究

我院关于女性IT教育的研究已经取得了一些成果,日常的教学管理在校园网上也积累了大量可用于女性IT教育研究的数据.如何利用这些信息资源为女性IT教育研究服务,也是我院重要的研究课题.本文针对女性IT教育研究支持系统需求特点,提出了3层结构化的研究支持系统的体系结构,并提出了支持系统数据仓库的设计思路和实现方法.     

Aspects of HCI research for older people

HCI research has come of age, and now is a good time to reflect upon the HCI research processes that have become established over the years. This paper examines the HCI research process itself with respect to funding opportunities and the methods used for empirical research, assessing in particular the efficacy of standard methods for research dissemination. The focus of the paper is HCI research for older people. The nature of this user group is explored, and Alexandrian patterns are proposed both as a means of dissemination of research results and for strengthening the framework of HCI knowledge.     

The development of Bridger: A methodological study of research on the use of machine learning in design

Research is a design activity whose decisions involve the ways in which research is carried out and its results interpreted. These activities comprise what is referred to as research methodology. This paper brings the concepts of capturing design rationale and machine learning to bear on the design of research itself. Therefore, design decisions concerning research must be recorded to allow for understanding feedback and updating of research strategies. In addition, successes as well as failures of research decisions must be reported to facilitate learning about research. This requires a shift in the way research is carried out and reported. This paper illustrates this shift in the context of a specific project on machine learning in design.     

The ethical nature of critical research in information systems

Abstract.  Critical research in information systems is based on and inspired by ethics and morality. In order to support this proposition, this paper will suggest a way of classifying critical research that differs from definitions common IS research. According to the current definition, research is critical when it is motivated by the intention to change social realities and promote emancipation. Based on this critical intention, critical research is furthermore characterized by critical topics, critical theories, and critical methodologies. Using these criteria of critical research, the paper argues that critical research is ethical in nature. To support this view, the paper introduces the concepts of ethics and morality by analysing two traditions of moral philosophy, here called the 'German tradition' and the 'French tradition'. Using three examples of current critical research in information systems, the paper will show that ethics and morality strongly influence critical intention, topics and theories. Having thus established the ethical nature of critical research, the paper concludes by discussing the weaknesses of critical research from the point of view of ethics and morality.     

A multi-method, holistic strategy for researching critical success factors in IT projects

In the field of information systems (IS) there is an observable trend towards the use of multi-method research. Using different research methods allows for the cross-validation of data obtained via multiple approaches, with the potential to increase the robustness of research results. Such a multi-method approach is applicable to a comprehensive research agenda on critical success factors, an agenda that needs to take into account not only the identification, but also the analysis and management of critical success factors. The goal of this article is to contribute new knowledge on how to carry out research on critical success factors in IS projects using a multi-method approach. For this purpose, two research projects are presented, each a variation of the research design customized to particular circumstances. First, there is an outline of the research approach taken for a critical success factor research project in the field of portal implementation, with discussion of the strengths and weaknesses of the project. Taking into consideration these experiences, the research approach of a similar critical success factor research project in the field of offshore software development is then described. Finally, recommendations for using the multi-method research approach in critical success factor research are presented.     

基于Alpha-Beta搜索算法的中国象棋人机对战的设计与实现

计算机博弈是人工智能研究的一个重要分支,人类在计算机博弈领域的研究取得了大量的研究成果,这些成果在人工智能领域产生了重要影响。中国象棋计算机博弈的研究起步晚于国际象棋,但国际象棋计算机博弈研究的成果为我们提供了很多的借鉴技术。近年来随着研究的不断深入,中国象棋计算机博弈越来越成为继国际象棋后计算机博弈研究的热点之一。     

第三方监理让国家“科研类工程”管理更“科学”

本文根据科研类工程项目特点,论述了目前在科研信息化工程实施过程中存在主要问题和进行工程监理的必要性,并给出了科研信息化工程项目监理的主要方法。实践证明,实行工程监理是提高科研项目管理水平,保证科研项目成功的重要手段。     

基于VB技术的科研项目管理系统

教学科研项目管理系统是高校科研管理的重要组成部,应用于科研处及各相关业务部门.教学研究项目管理系统包括科研项目申报、在研项目管理、科研成果管理、科研获奖管理、项目经费管理、科研机构管理等.实现教学研究项目从中报到量化统计全过程的计算机化、信息化与网络化.     

神经网络后门攻击研究

针对现有的神经网络后门攻击研究工作,首先介绍了神经网络后门攻击的相关概念;其次,从研究发展历程、典型工作总结、分类情况3个方面对神经网络后门攻击研究现状进行了说明;然后,对典型的后门植入策略进行了详细介绍;最后,对研究现状进行了总结并对未来的研究趋势进行了展望.     

基于科研立项管理应用的模糊C均值算法研究

为解决科研重复立项及低水平重复研究问题,分析了科研项目文本的特点,提出了一种改进的模糊聚类算法RM-FCM.该算法充分考虑不同属性的特征项对科研项目分析的支持度,先用科研领域作为初始聚类中心,用参数调节科研文本各部分的重要性,然后不断计算各部分对中心的隶属度来确定聚类中心,最后通过聚类分析挖掘项目的相似性和项目间蕴涵的关联关系.实验结果表明,RM-FCM算法不仅准确地找出相似项目,也可以找出创新项目和交叉学科项目.     

全球变化空间观测研究的文献计量分析

全球变化研究是国际科学界跨世纪的重大研究主题。随着全球环境问题的日益突出,全球变化研究日益得到国际科学界和国际社会的高度关注。空间观测是全球变化研究的一种不可或缺的重要方法,在全球变化研究中发挥着不可替代的重要作用。科技文献能够反映科学研究的发展动态,利用Thomson Data Anlyzer(TDA)和Ucinet对SCIE文献数据库中收录的1980~2009年间的全球变化空间观测研究论文进行数据挖掘和分析。结果表明,该研究涉及多个学科领域,大量研究始于1990年,气候变化、碳循环、土地利用变化等是该领域的主要研究内容,遥感、建模等是主要的研究方法,美国在该研究领域具有很大优势。     

Successfully completing case study research: combining rigour, relevance and pragmatism

The organizational and social issues associated with the development, implementation and use of computer-based information systems have increasingly attracted the attention of information systems researchers. Interest in qualitative research methods such as action research, case study research and ethnography, which focus on understanding social phenomena in their natural setting, has consequently grown. Case study research is the most widely used qualitative research method in information systems research, and is well suited to understanding the interactions between information technology-related innovations and organizational contexts. Although case study research is useful as a means of studying information systems development and use in the field, there can be practical difficulties associated with attempting to undertake case studies as a rigorous and effective method of research. This paper addresses a number of these difficulties and offers some practical guidelines for successfully completing case study research. The paper focuses on the pragmatics of conducting case study research, and draws from the discussion at a panel session conducted by the authors at the 8th Australasian Conference on Information Systems, September 1997 (ACIS 97), from the authors' practical experiences, and from the case study research literature.     

并行算法研究方法学

并行算法是计算机科学中重要的研究内容,已有几十年的发展历程.回顾一下其研究历程,既有高潮也有低谷,究其原因是,它没有形成自身的一套研究方法学.为此文中提出并行算法研究要建立起一套完整的"理论-设计-实现-应用"的学科体系,也就是所谓的并行算法研究的生态环境.只有这样才能够保持并行算法研究稳定、可持续发展,并使得并行算法的研究成果更加实用,从而更富有生命力.     

教育软件工程框架的构建

教育软件的开发一直缺少相适应的开发方法的研究,而教育软件工程是近年来出现的崭新的研究方向,是软件工程和教育学相互融合深入的产物.首先从总体上讨论了教育软件的概念和属性、教育软件的开发过程和生存周期,然后描述了当前应用的具有代表性的教育软件开发模型,最后是关于教育软件工程的特殊性、未来研究课题内容、研究趋势整体框架和研究发展方向的描述.