超音速火焰喷涂铝青铜涂层微动磨损行为

目的 改善铝合金的抗微动磨损性能.方法 采用超音速火焰喷涂技术在ZL114A铝合金表面制备铝青铜涂层,在不同温度(25、200、300℃)下对有、无涂层的ZL114A铝合金样品进行微动磨损测试,通过对涂层性能和磨痕形貌进行表征分析,探索铝青铜涂层的抗磨损性能.结果 铝青铜涂层均匀致密,与铝合金基体结合良好,显微硬度为279HV0.3,结合强度为74 MPa.不同温度(25、200、300℃)下,涂覆铝青铜涂层样品的平均微动摩擦系数分别为0.898、0.886、0.744,磨损率分别为10.249×10–7、0.035×10–7、0.207×10–7 m3/(N·m),相比基体的平均微动摩擦系数和磨损率,3种温度下分别下降了34.5％、42.9％和58.9％.对磨痕的形貌和三维轮廓的分析表明,在25、200、300℃下,铝青铜涂层的磨损机制不相同,25℃下为磨粒磨损和剥层,200℃下为磨粒磨损、剥层、氧化磨损和粘着磨损,300℃下为塑性变形、氧化磨损和粘着磨损.结论 制备的铝青铜涂层改善了基体的抗微动磨损性能.     

超音速火焰喷涂WC-CrNi涂层的滑动磨损特性研究

采用超音速火焰喷涂技术制备WC-CrNi涂层,研究了自配副磨损和三体磨损条件下,涂层的滑动磨损性能,并分析了涂层磨损前后的形貌及成分变化。结果表明:WC-CrNi涂层组织致密、结构均匀;两种磨损条件下,涂层的摩擦系数相差较大,三体磨损时,涂层损伤严重,由于配副接触面间第三体存在增加了摩擦阻力,使得摩擦系数稳定性变差;涂层在两种磨损条件下的磨损机制有所不同,自配副时的磨损机制为WC层状剥离,三体磨损下则以微切削并伴随塑性变形为主。     

超音速电弧喷涂FeAINbB涂层的摩擦磨损行为

目的探讨FeAlNbB涂层的制备方法,研究FeAlNbB涂层的组织结构及摩擦磨损行为。方法通过超音速电弧喷涂技术制备FeAlNbB涂层,采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)分析FeAlNbB涂层的组织结构及相组成,并利用显微硬度计和摩擦磨损试验机对FeAlNbB涂层的硬度及摩擦学行为进行研究。结果 FeAlNbB涂层主要由α-Fe、Fe_3Al、FeAl相组成,涂层的平均硬度为700HV。在试验参数下,涂层的摩擦系数在0.2~0.4之间,涂层的耐磨性为20#钢的12~33倍,涂层的磨损机理主要以犁沟效应和磨粒磨损为主。结论超音速电弧喷涂制备的FeAlNbB涂层与基体结合良好,组织致密。涂层中无非晶组织,但涂层的硬度、耐磨性能与FeAlNbB非晶态涂层相当。     

超音速火焰喷涂Cr3C2-NiCr涂层磨粒磨损行为

采用橡胶轮磨损实验机，对不同工艺条件下三种类型粉末制备的HOVF Cr3C2-25％NiCr涂层进行了磨粒磨损实验，发现该涂层的磨损失重量与磨程基本呈现线性关系，磨损率远低于低碳钢。氧气流量，燃气流量适中的条件下制备的涂层磨损率较低，用团聚致密化工艺制备的粉末沉积的涂层耐磨粒磨损性能较好，涂层的磨损机制主要为先期的粘结相优先切削和随后的碳化物剥落，其中碳化物的剥落对磨损过程起制约作用。     

超音速火焰喷涂工艺对涂层耐磨性能的影响

采用起音速火焰喷涂工艺在Q235B基体上制备Co-Cr-WC涂层;利用MMW-1立式万能摩擦磨损试验机对涂层耐磨性能进行检测,并与Cr12模具钢试盘整体淬火、45钢试盘表面电孤喷涂70钢涂层、45钢试盘表面电孤喷涂1mm厚的3Cr13马氏体不锈钢涂层3种试样进行对比;利用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜对涂层磨痕进行观察.试...     

超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨-钴涂层磨粒磨损行为

采用超音速火焰喷涂工艺在16Mn钢上制备了WC-12Co涂层,并测试了该涂层的力学性能特别是其抗磨粒磨损性能。结果表明:WC-12Co涂层的主相为碳化钨,显微硬度为(1341.0±134.3)HV,孔隙率为0.21%±0.04%。该涂层的磨损率随着磨粒硬度、磨粒粒度和加载载荷的增加而增加。当磨粒的硬度低于涂层硬度时,涂层的磨损机制以磨耗磨损为主,磨损率低;当磨粒的硬度超过涂层的硬度时,涂层的磨损以微切削为主,磨损率高。另外,WC-12Co涂层的耐磨性相对于16Mn钢也是随着磨粒的硬度变化而变化。     

超音速火焰喷涂NiCrC涂层的滑动摩擦磨损行为

采用空气助燃超音速火焰(HVAF)喷涂技术,分别以相同成分的气雾化合金粉体和低温球磨纳米晶合金粉体作为喂料,制备出高质量的耐磨耐蚀粗晶和纳米晶NiCrC合金涂层。利用SRV摩擦磨损试验机、表面形貌仪和扫描电镜等设备对两种涂层和45钢试样的滑动摩擦磨损行为进行了对比研究。结果表明:在载荷为10～30 N的无润滑剂常温滑动摩擦条件下,两种涂层具有较为接近的滑动摩擦系数,但纳米晶NiCrC涂层的抗磨损性能远优于常规粗晶涂层。三种测试材料都呈现出磨粒磨损和粘着磨损的特征,随着载荷的增加,磨损程度逐渐加剧,同时粘着磨损的特征更加突出。此外,两种涂层材料在磨损过程中都出现了颗粒部分或整体剥落的现象,加剧了涂层的磨损程度。     

润滑条件下WC-CoCr涂层的磨损行为

研究了在润滑条件下,WC-CoCr涂层与SiC摩擦副对磨时的摩擦和磨损性能,分析了加载载荷和润滑条件(干摩擦、润滑脂、金刚石研磨膏)对WC-CoCr涂层摩擦系数和磨损量的影响规律,对涂层的磨损机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明:脂润滑时,WC-CoCr涂层与SiC摩擦副对磨时的摩擦系数和磨损率降为最小,其中摩擦系数基本在0.1左右波动;金刚石研磨膏润滑时,磨损率高达1.521 24×10-6 g/m,为干摩擦条件下的2.68倍,抗磨减摩效果不理想;干摩擦时,涂层表面存在硬挤压痕,主要磨损机制为微切削并伴随着塑性变形,而在金刚石研磨膏润滑条件下,三体磨粒磨损起主导作用。     

超音速火焰喷涂合成TiC-Ni涂层滑动磨损性能研究

采用二次正交回归试验方法得到了喷涂工艺参数与反应超音速喷涂合成涂层滑动磨损性能的定量关系,研究了涂层的磨损失效机制,并分析了氧气流量、燃气流量和喷涂距离对超音速火焰喷涂合成TiC-Ni涂层滑动磨损性能的影响。结果表明：涂层的磨损机制以粘结相的优先磨损以及硬质相的剥落引起的磨粒磨损为主。氧气流量、燃气流量和喷涂距离对涂层滑动磨损性能有较大影响。适中的氧气流量、燃气流量有利于获得耐磨性较好的涂层,喷涂距离较小时,涂层的磨损失重量变化不明显．喷涂距离较大时,失重量较高。     

Corrosion behavior of NiCrBSi coatings deposited by HVOF spraying

The corrosion resistance of NiCrBSi coating deposited on steel substrate by HVOF was examined using electrochemical tests and immersion tests so as to offer an experimental basis to expand a promising applied field of HVOF in aqueous medium, comparing with those of coatings deposited by oxyacetylene flame spraying and flame cladding. The results show that the general corrosion rate of HVOF sprayed coatings is quite bigger than that of clad coatings, bat it is less sensitive to local corrosion. There is less and smaller porosity in the coatings deposited by HVOF than that in flame sprayed coatinlgs. The effects of porosity on the corrosion current density was indistinctive, bat the existence of large amount of defects in the coatings damaged the cohesion of the coatings, causing the metallic particles drop off from the coatings under the influence of corrosive medium. Improving the quality and reducing the porosity of coatings is the key to get the coatings with high corrosion resistance.     

Corrosion mechanism of NiCrBSi coatings deposited by HVOF

NiCrBSi alloy powders were coated on a low carbon steel substrate using high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying, and corrosion tests were carried out by immersing the specimens in 3.5% NaCl with pH adjusted to 3 by addition of acetic acid. Techniques such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), spectral analysis, electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were employed to study the mechanistic process of corrosion of the coating surface. It was found that the corrosion of the NiCrBSi coating first occurred around the particles that had not melted during spraying and the defects such as pores, inclusions and microcracks, then followed by the development along the paths formed by pores, microcracks and lamellar structure, resulting in exfoliation or laminar peeling off. Adjusting the thermal spraying parameters to reduce the electrochemical unevenness or sealing the pores can improve the corrosion resistance of the coating.     

Characterization of Fe-Cr-B based coatings produced by HVOF and PTA processes

Two Fe-Cr-B based gas atomized powders, Armacor M and 16, were thermally sprayed on a low carbon steel substrate, using the HVOF (High Velocity Oxygen Fuel) process. Armacor M was also weld-surfaced with the PTA (Plasma Transferred Arc) process. The resultant deposits were subsequently characterized, using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and microhardness measurement. The effects of heat treatment were also studied for HVOF-sprayed coatings. The wear performance of the coatings was investigated by two-body abrasive wear tests. The results of microstructural analysis of as-sprayed deposits revealed oxide and boride phases such as Fe₃O₄ and Cr_1.65F_0.35B_0.96 in an α matrix for the HVOF-sprayed Armacor 16 coating, and only the boride phases (Cr_1.65F_0.35B_0.96 and Cr₂B) in an α matrix for the HVOFsprayed Armacor M coating. PTA weld-surfaced Armacor M coating contains needle-type long precipitates of Cr₂B) and Cr_1.65F_0.35B_0.96, in the α matrix. The hardness of the HVOF-sprayed Armacor 16 coating after heat treatment was substantially less than that of the as-sprayed coating due to the phase transformation from α to γ phase. Heat treatments of the HVOF-sprayed Armacor M coating did not produce changes in phase and its hardness decreased as compared to that of the as-sprayed coating. While HVOF-sprayed and PTA weld-surfaced Armacor M coatings have the same hardness, the latter shows better abrasive wear resistance because of the size and orientation of its boride phases. The broadening of the XRD patterns and the increase in hardness after wear testing suggest that the transformation from the crystalline to the amorphous structure occurred on the uppermost layer during wear testing.     

微束等离子喷涂NiCrBSi涂层

采用微束等离子喷涂方法在St37低碳钢上制备了NiCrBSi涂层.研究了基材温度、等离子气体流量、喷涂距离和电流强度等工艺参数对涂层组织结构和性能的影响.采用光学显微镜观察涂层的组织结构,用Perthometers M4P 150测定涂层的表面粗糙度,以及用LECO TC316气体抽提仪检测涂层的氧含量.结果表明,在试验条件下,喷涂参数对涂层组织和性能产生较大的影响.随着电流和基材温度的增加涂层的粗糙度降低,涂层的氧含量随着基材温度和喷涂距离的增加而增加.大多数涂层的显微硬度大于600 HV0.2.尽管粒子速度较低,涂层的平均结合强度仍然大于50 MPa.     

Wear behaviour of steel coatings produced by friction surfacing

Friction surfacing was performed to produce multi-layer coatings of AISI 1024, AISI 1045 and AISI H13 over mild steel substrates where a continuous joining was achieved between adjacent layers and between the clad and the substrate. Microscopic and hardness characterization revealed the presence of bainitic and martensitic microstructures which influenced the hardness of the coatings. The study aimed to determine which material combination was more wear-resistant. The analysis suggested that AISI 1024 presents the least wear, both in terms of friction coefficient and wear rate. This is due to the formation of adherent protective oxide layer which is not present in both the AISI 1045 and AISI H13 steels.     

超音速火焰喷涂FeCrSiB涂层的腐蚀行为

采用超音速火焰(high velocity oxygen fuel,HVOF)喷涂技术在Q235钢基体上制备了FeCrSiB合金涂层.利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜、电化学工作站等设备对涂层的显微组织结构和耐腐蚀性进行了研究.结果表明,采用HVOF喷涂技术制备的FeCrSiB涂层结构致密,孔隙率为0.65%,与基体结合良好.FeCrSiB涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液、1 mol/L HCl溶液和1 mol/L NaOH溶液中都经历了活性溶解-钝化-过钝化的过程,且该涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液和1 mol/L HCl溶液中的耐腐蚀性能要优于镀铬层,在1 mol/L NaOH溶液中的耐腐蚀性能低于镀铬层.     

半导体激光熔覆钴基合金的耐磨性

为了提高纸浆阀门的使用寿命,利用高功率半导体激光器在304不锈钢板上熔覆钴基耐磨涂层。研究了激光工艺对熔覆层性能的影响,对不同温度下熔覆层的耐磨性进行了分析,并与传统手工堆焊涂层进行比较。结果表明,稀释率越高,熔覆层硬度越低,当激光功率为2000 W,扫描速度为20 mm/s时,得到的熔覆层成形好、稀释率小。磨损试验结果表明,100 ℃、200 ℃时的涂层磨损机理主要为磨粒磨损;300 ℃、400 ℃时,发生粘着磨损。由于手工堆焊涂层稀释率高,晶粒粗大,硬度较激光熔覆层低,熔覆层耐磨性优于手工堆焊涂层。     

Formation and corrosion behavior of Fe-based amorphous metallic coatings by HVOF thermal spraying

Amorphous coatings with a composition of Fe₄₈Cr₁₅Mo₁₄C₁₅B₆Y₂ were prepared by means of high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spraying under different conditions. Microstructural studies show that the coatings present dense layered structure and low porosity with a fraction of nanocrystals precipitated. The porosity and amorphous fraction of the coatings decrease as the kerosene and oxygen flow increase within the parameter range examined. Corrosion behavior of the amorphous coatings was investigated by electrochemical measurement. The results show that the coatings are spontaneously passivated with wide passive region and low passive current density in 3.5% NaCl, 1 N HCl and 1 N H₂SO₄ solutions, and exhibit an excellent ability to resist localized corrosion. However, the corrosion resistance of the coatings decreases in 1 N NaOH solution with lower transpassive potential and passive region. In addition, the optimal spraying parameter improves the corrosion resistance of the amorphous coatings obviously due to the proper proportion of porosity and amorphous fraction.     

Optimized HVOF titania coatings

A series of spray parameters was tested for a titania (TiO₂) feedstock, and the in-flight particle temperature was measured for each setting combination. The parameter set that resulted in the highest particle temperature was selected for producing coatings for further study and analysis. With this parameter set, the majority of the sprayed particles had temperatures (at least superficially) above that of the melting point of titania. The hardness (H), elastic modulus (E), and elasticity index (H/E ratio) on the cross section and top surface of these HVOF-sprayed titania coatings were evaluated using the Knoop technique and Vickers hardness measurements. The distribution of elastic modulus and hardness values was analyzed via Weibull statistics. The coating microstructure and phase composition were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and x-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, respectively. The porosity level was determined via image analysis. It was observed that the coatings were uniform and very dense, consisting of rutile as the major phase. The optimized spray conditions allowed the production of thick coatings (∼740 μm), which were shown to be in a state of residual compressive stress using Almen strip measurements.     

Bending behavior of HVOF produced WC-17Co coating: Investigated by acoustic emission

A four-point bend test using acoustic emission (AE) was used to compare coating properties under mechanical solicitation, mainly the toughness and spalling behavior. Coatings are made from the same material; Sulzer-Metco (Westbury, NY) 2005NS (WC-17Co) sprayed with an HVOF gun with different spray parameters. Coatings deposited on thin rectangular substrates were first bent in tension then in compression. AE features like the event number, energy per event, and cumulative energy were used to assess the damages in the coatings. The results are analyzed in relation to the coating microstructure.