压焊设备

高频晶体管式电阻点焊电源的研制 针对微型零件对焊接电源的特殊要求,设计了一种基于晶体管的高频开关式电阻点焊电源．提高了电阻点焊电源控制的精密性。主要介绍了电阻点焊电源的主电路结构、工作原理以及以dsPIC30F6010为核心的控制系统的设计。将电阻点焊电源的开关频率提高到100kHz,从而提高了系统的控制精度和响应速度,获得了理想的焊接电流波形。通过与其它微型零件点焊电源的电流输出特性的对比,表明该电源具有精密零件焊接的独特优势,是一种理想的精密焊接电源。     

精密逆变缝焊电源的研制

电阻缝焊在器件封装等应用中要求电源具有较高的精密性.针对精密电阻缝焊的要求,研制了逆变电阻缝焊电源,文中简要介绍了电源主电路、控制电路的构成和系统控制软件结构,介绍了适应于精密焊接的波形设计,给出了实际波形测试结果.结果表明,电源的波形设定灵活,电流、时间等参数控制准确,能够满足精密焊接的需要.实际用于晶振等器件的平行缝焊封装,表明该电源能满足高质量的焊接要求,是一种理想的精密缝焊电源.

Abstract：

A new type of inverter of resistance seam welding power supply was developed for precision welding in device packaging. The main power circuit, control circuit and control software are briefly introduced, and the special current waveform designed for precision welding is introduced in detail. Experiments show that the current waveform can be set flexibly and the parameters such as currem and time can be controlled accurately. The actual use for parallel seam welding of crystal oscillator shows that the power source can meet the requirements of high-quality welding, which is an ideal precision seam welding power source for fine scale parts.     

A research of arc welding inverter with high stable precision

This paper mainly introduces an output control method with high stable precision of a large power IGBT arc welding inverter.Experiments indicate that this kind of control mode can effectively improve the static and dynamic characteristics and stability of power supply system.And it can decrease the spatters in the welding process apparently.This power supply is especially suitable to automatic robot welding assembly line.It will be the developing direction of robot welding supply in the future.     

Underwater robot local dry welding system

To satisfy the demand for good quality underwater welding and maintenance of nuclear power stations, a set of local dry automatic welding systems has been developed. These systems were based on an underwater robot that consisted of a special high-power underwater welding power supply, diving wire feeder, mini drain cap, welding robot, and special underwater welding torch. With a digital signal controller microprocessor as its core and combined with a dual inverter topology, the welding power supply was characterized by full-digital construction and multi-waveform flexible output. A compact diving wire feeding device was designed, based on the armature voltage negative feedback and high-frequency chopping pulse width modulation.This device yielded a high-efficiency seal of the driving motor with the help of dynamic and static sealing technology. To overcome the difficulty of local protection and deslagging in the welding area, a mini drain cap (with a duplexgas structure) based on the principle of the convergent nozzle was designed. The practical tests and the underwater welding experiments revealed that the underwater robotic local dry welding system is quite feasible. That is, the system could strike the arc stably and reliably in the shallow water environment, and formed beautiful welding seams.     

Investigation on microprocessor based waveform control of short circuit transfer CO2 welding

A new kind of simple and flexible CO2 welding system was developed to carry out waveform control. The system consisted of IGBT inverter, PWM circuit and microprocessor unit （ MPU） , in which the output current of constant current （CC） power supply could be changed according to transient physical state, and the variable down slope rate control could be used to ensure a stable welding process. The welding experiment results proved the effectiveness of this control approach.     

Weldability evaluation and tensile strength estimation model for aluminum alloy lap joint welding using hybrid system with laser and scanner head

Aluminum welding using a hybrid system with a laser and scanner welding head was performed under various welding conditions to verify the feasibility of applying an aluminum alloy to a car body.The experimental material was 5J32 aluminum alloy,and the laser power,welding speed,and laser incidence angle were used as the control variables.The weld bead shape and the tensile shear strength were evaluated in order to understand the aluminum lap joint weld characteristics.Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted to identify the effect of the process variables on the tensile shear strength.Tensile strength estimation models using three different regression models were also suggested.The input variables were the laser power,welding speed,and laser incidence angle,and the output was the tensile shear strength.Among the models,the second-order polynomial estimation model had the best estimation performance,and the average error rate of this model was 0.058.     

On-line evaluating on quality of mild steel joints in resistance spot welding

A method was developed to realize quality evaluation on every weld-spot in resistance spot welding based on information processing of artificial intelligent. Firstly, the signals of welding current and welding voltage, as information source, were synchronously collected. Input power and dynamic resistance were selected as monitoring waveforms. Eight characteristic parameters relating to weld quality were extracted from the monitoring waveforms. Secondly, tensile-shear strength of the spot-welded joint was employed as evaluating target of weld quality. Through correlation analysis between every two parameters of characteristic vector, five characteristic parameters were reasonably selected to found a mapping model of weld quality estimation. At last, the model was realized by means of the algorithms of Radial Basic Function neural network and sample matrixes. The results showed validations by a satisfaction in evaluating weld quality of mild steel joint on-line in spot welding process.     

遥操作干式高压海底管道维修焊接机器人系统

干式高压焊接是既能保证焊接质量又易于实施的海底管道维修方法.基于目前的自动化技术水平和海管坡口制备难度大的现实,提出了基于高级焊工焊接知识和潜水员水下工作技能的遥控海底管道维修焊接策略.研制了一套干式高压环境管道全位置焊接机器人及其分置于水面母船甲板和水下干式舱的机器人焊接控制系统,研制了分别用于场景、坡口和焊缝的视觉监视系统,以及计算机远程信息采集监控系统,它们与水下干式舱系统一道构成了水下干式管道维修系统.还研究了干式舱充气气体种类、焊接电源特殊性和舱内引弧问题.利用先期在干式高压焊接实验室获得的海管焊接工艺完成了海上焊接维修试验,焊缝质量良好.

Abstract：

Among the available underwater pipeline repair methods, hyperbaric TIG welding technology may be the easier one to obtain better joint quality. Due to the low automation level and the bevel preparation difficulty, the repair welding should be conducted based on both the welding knowledge of the welder on deck and the operation skill of the diver. A tele-operated robot for all position hypetharic pipe welding was developed. In the specified case of underwater welding, the process was controlled by a surface based operator, a clear and real time image of the arc as well as the image of groove location were required. An observation system of three cameras for chamber, groove and weld was also developed respectively. All the necessary message of vision, welding current and arc voltage were collected and transferred to the surface by the developed computerized information system. The underwater pipeline maintanence system consists of the welding robot, observation system, the informarion system, together with the habitation. The chamber gas type, the welding power source and arc striking were also studied. With the welding proceedure developed in the hyperbaric welding laboratory, a good weld was obtained in a underwater pipe repair welding test at Bohai sea.     

CO2气体保护焊的新型全数字化波形控制技术

对于逆变弧焊电源,采用基于 DSP 的全数字控制策略.针对短路过渡 CO2 气体保护焊特点,提出了准恒压全数字化新型波形控制策略,不再根据输出电压区分短路和燃弧过程,使得短路和燃弧过程过渡自然,适应于所有的焊接工艺,提高了系统的适应性.同时在短路初期采用瞬态电流抑制技术减少了飞溅,建立了包含实时燃弧能量补充机制的全数字化电压电流瞬时反馈的全数字三闭环控制模型.结果表明,所提出的全数字化软开关控制策略灵活、可靠;所采用的数字波形控制技术适应性好、灵活、焊接过程稳定、焊缝成形优良.

Abstract：

According to the characteristics of short circuit transfer of CO2 gas metal arc welding, a novel full digital waveform control scheme called quasi-constant voltage control is presented for inverter type arc welding power based on DSP. Short circuit and arc ignition process are not judged according to the output voltage and transfer process between them is smooth. The strategy is also applied to all welding conditions. Initial current at the instant of short-circuit is suppressed to reduce spatter generation. A triple closed loop control model including real time energy compensation for the arc state based on instantaneous voltage and current feedback control is estabhshed. Flexibility and reliability of the proposed fully digitalized softswitching control strategy is validated by experimental results of 400 A welding machine. The experimental results show that proposed digital waveform control scheme is applicable for different wire feeding speed conditions, and the welding process is stable and the welding bead appearance is good.     

Study of modeling and simulation of full digital controlled PMIG／MAG welding system based on Matlab／Simulink

This paper presents an integrated simulation model for full digital controlled PMIG/MAG welding system with Matlab/Simulink, and it consists of power inverter, digital control system and dynamic arc-load model. An integrated simulation study was done for fuU digital PMIG/MAG welding, and a method of connecting dynamic arc-load model to the system with controlled current source was presented, in addition, the simulation results were utilized to study the issues of digital control PMIG/MAG welding in this paper. The experimental results validated the developed simulation model, and this simulation study can be applied in implementation of the full digital PMIG/MAG welding and analysis of system dynamic process.     

电源控制模式对镍片微电阻点焊过程的影响

恒流控制模式是电阻焊电源最主要的控制模式,然而该模式在焊接初期能量输入较大,易导致不良焊接现象的发生与能量的浪费。为解决这一问题,文中以薄镍片为焊接对象,研究不同电源控制模式对接头形成过程、接头性能和过程能耗的影响。以抗剪强度作为焊点质量评价指标,采用正交试验研究工艺参数对接头抗剪强度的影响,并获得恒压、恒流和恒功率控制模式下的最优焊接工艺参数;对比研究不同模式下最优焊接工艺参数条件下试样的抗剪强度、熔核尺寸、接头形貌、动态电阻和能量消耗。结果表明,恒流、恒压和恒功率模式下均可获得抗剪强度、表面形貌和熔核尺寸相近的焊接接头,接头形成过程物理特征也相似;然而,恒压控制模式下焊接过程能耗仅为23.73 J,远小于恒流和恒功率模式的过程能耗,在实际生产中具有明显优势。创新点：采用正交试验方法研究了不同电源控制模式下工艺参数对薄镍片微电阻点焊接头性能的影响规律,基于焊接过程电特性曲线对比分析了不同电源控制模式下熔核形成过程,通过焊接过程能耗计算,发现在获得相近接头性能的前提下恒电压控制模式下焊接过程持续时间更短、能耗更低。     

双弧脉冲MIG焊专用电源设计及试验分析

双弧脉冲MIG焊是一种低能量输入焊接方法,其原有的双电源供电系统结构复杂、协同控制困难、易受干扰. 为此提出了双弧脉冲MIG焊一体化专用电源的设计思路,将主弧和旁弧两路脉冲电流使用同一控制系统进行统一协调控制. 设计了基于有限双极性全桥逆变的主电路和基于DSP2812的控制电路,搭建了一体化专用电源系统整体模型,并通过仿真验证了其可行性. 在此基础上,利用设计的专用电源原型机进行了铝钢低能量焊接工艺试验. 结果表明,一体化专用焊接电源能够满足双弧脉冲MIG焊低能量焊接的要求,在低能量输入下可以获得较好的焊接效果.     

交流逆变电阻缝焊电源的研制

针对传统工频交流缝焊电源存在的热效率低、过零时间长、容易发生热影响等问题,研制了一台微型交流逆变缝焊电源.该电源以32位微型控制器（ARM）芯片STM32F103RCT6为核心,通过STM32内部的脉冲调制模块生成逆变器开关信号,配合采样系统并利用PI算法实现对电源输出的精准控制.文中主要介绍了交流逆变缝焊电源的主电路结构、逆变器控制方式以及控制系统软硬件设计.结果表明,该交流逆变电阻缝焊电源设计合理,输出动态响应速度快,频率可调,稳定性好,恒流控制效果佳,适合微型件精密缝焊.     

基于PFM调节的脉冲MIG焊电弧调节机理分析

针对脉冲MIG焊电源弧长控制方面存在的问题,展开对脉冲MIG焊电弧自我调节机理以及在脉频调制(PFM)控制下的电弧调节机理的研究.建立了电弧弧长数学模型,分析了PFM双闭环电弧调节系统的工作原理,给出了PFM电流调节数学模型,并分析了非阻性焊丝和阻性焊丝PFM电弧控制机理及在电弧控制中存在的问题.从理论上推导出对于非阻性焊丝PFM电流调节可以获得更稳定的焊接效果,而对阻性焊丝CTWD固定时可获得稳定的焊接效果,在CTWD变化时无法获得满意的焊接效果.最后分别对阻性焊丝和非阻性焊丝进行PFM电弧调节阶跃试验,通过对试验结果分析,验证了上述理论推导.     

基于电容快速充放电控制的变极性微电阻点焊电源的设计

针对传统晶体管式电阻点焊电源负载持续率低,电源输出模式单一和焊接接头一致性差等问题,设计了一种可实现电容快速充放电的变极性晶体管式微电阻点焊电源.分析了电源负载特性,设计了基于全桥逆变+H桥双相斩波电路的电源主电路拓扑,设计了基于高性能STM32双核控制器的数字化电源控制系统,提出了多阶段变脉宽式电容组快速充电方法,开展了电源输出特性测试和铜-镍薄片单面双点工艺试验.试验结果表明,设计的电源输出负载持续率可达5%以上,极性切换时间可低至0.1 ms以下,变极性输出模式可有效解决单极性模式下因极性效应现象造成的焊点尺寸不一的问题,电压控制模式焊接过程焊接接头性能优于电流控制模式和功率控制模式.     

变极性TIG焊接电源功率因数校正控制策略

对变极性TIG焊电源的输出功率进行研究,发现其输出功率随变极性周期和占空比变化而变化,EP（钨极接正）时的功率远大于EN（钨极接负）时的功率.这种周期性变化输出功率会导致弧焊电源周期性地从电网抽取能量.当采用常规的PFC（功率因数校正）电路和控制策略也会给输入电流带来奇次谐波、偶次谐波、间谐波、直流分量、三相不平衡等＂...     

基于STM32F407的全数字化等离子弧焊电源控制技术

航天科技的快速发展对航天铝合金材料的焊接质量提出了更高的要求,而高性能的全数字化变极性等离子弧焊电源是提高铝合金材料焊接质量的关键。为了提高该类型弧焊电源的动态调节性能,在基于Cortex-M4内核的单控制器方案下利用焊接电流及原边电流双闭环反馈回路,在小信号范围内以增量式数字PI调节,大信号范围内实施分段快速调节的方法,研制出了焊接电流稳定且电流响应性能优越的逆变频率为20 kHz全数字化VPPA焊接电源。详细分析了在电源控制技术中焊接过程控制、数字化恒流控制、人机界面处理、自动化控制器通讯等任务的分配及管理,并在280 A大电流条件下完成带负载的焊接测试,其结果验证了该电源控制技术的实用性和可靠性。     

微机控制大容量晶体管逆变式电阻焊电源

本文介绍了一种以TP801微计算机为核心的大容量晶体管逆变电阻焊电源,它可作为电阻点焊机或电阻缝焊机电源。研究以实现逆变、电流控制、元件保护为主要内容,就逆变电阻焊电源的基本原理、基本结构、具体线路、控制和保护进行了一些探讨,为发展这种新型的电阻焊电源奠定了良好基础。结果表明,该电源成功地进行了逆变,控制及其保护电路可以保证主电路正常工作,电源性能良好。