建设电信IT服务知识库体系的探讨

首先对电信IT系统建设运维面临的问题进行了思考,提出了建设IT知识库的重要性,并对知识库建设的核心问题进行了描述。最后,对IT知识库的建设框架等关键问题进行了全面详细的探讨。     

基于知识(规则)的高层次工艺映射方法

该文研究高级综合结果与后端工艺的衔接问题。提出一种基于知识的高层次工艺映射方法。深入研究其中知识表示、知识运用和知识获取等各个重要环节。包括:(1)提出一种表达电路结构知识的扩充产生式表示;(2)提出基于超高速硬件描述语言(VHDL)的工艺映射知识获取方法;(3)给出知识运用的求解控制策略和算法;(4)提出一种能查出冗余性和矛盾性的半自动知识库维护方法;(5)提出将算法嵌入知识系统,降低知识库复杂度的实用化方法。所实现的系统已完成与三种工艺衔接,验证了本文工作。     

“电脑医学博学士”普及机版的若干设计方法

“电脑医学博学士”（ＤＮＹＢ）是一个巨大的计算机辅助诊断咨询系统。它的核心是“疾病诊断标准的医学知识库”。程序的研制应用了我们设计的高密度知识表达方法，它包含了１０００１个诊断单元的诊断标准，描述了近５０００条诊断指标。这一巨型知识库首先在低价的普及型微机上实现，它能帮助提示典型疾病和辅助诊断学教学。这一知识库将不断完善和扩大。     

Method of high-level technology mapping based on knowledge(rule)

This paper studies the linkage problem between the result of high-level synthesis and back-end technology, presents a method of high-level technology mapping based on knowledge, and studies deeply all of its important links such as knowledge representation, knowledge utility and knowledge acquisition. It includes: (1) present a kind of expanded production about knowledge of circuit structure; (2) present a VHDL-based method to acquire knowledge of technology mapping; (3) provide solution control strategy and algorithm of knowledge utility; (4) present a half-automatic maintenance method, which can find redundance and contradiction of knowledge base; (5) present a practical method to embed the algorithm into knowledge system to decrease complexity of knowledge base. A system has been developed and linked with three kinds of technologies, so verified the work of this paper.     

Knowledge graph and knowledge reasoning: A systematic review

The knowledge graph (KG) that represents structural relations among entities has become an increasingly important research field for knowledge-driven artificial intelligence. In this survey, a comprehensive review of KG and KG reasoning is provided. It introduces an overview of KGs, including representation, storage, and essential technologies. Specifically, it summarizes several types of knowledge reasoning approaches, including logic rules-based, representation-based, and neural network-based methods. Moreover, this paper analyzes the representation methods of knowledge hypergraphs. To effectively model hyper-relational data and improve the performance of knowledge reasoning, a three-layer knowledge hypergraph model is proposed. Finally, it analyzes the advantages of three-layer knowledge hypergraphs through reasoning and update algorithms which could facilitate future research.     

基于Knowledge-Analysis的军事知识联通研究

军事专业知识在军事决策系统、军事智能教学系统、军事知识查询系统等高技术产品中具有重要的作用。知识库是机器智能的重要来源,所以有必要建立一个完善、协调、具有良好联通性的大型军事知识库,而大量实践证明计算机真正具有智能不仅需要大型知识库,而且更需要知识间广泛的联通。本文主要讨论军事概念联通。所谓概念联通是指通过关系链或属性或属性值将两个概念联系起来的过程。概念联通的目的之一就是通过概念联通帮助发现不同知识源的知识之间的不一致性,尽可能保证所获取知识的完备性和精确性,建立一个大型的军事专业知识库。     

知识格

分析了目前知识研究的现状，针对知识研究存在的问题，提出了一种知识格理论。给出了该知识格的严格定义，并研究了该知识格的性质，以及如何根据知识榕有效的为用户提供预备知识或基础知识。该知识格理论是传统格理论的推广，可以应用在知识工程、知识管理、知识网格、知识库网格和知识网络中，弥补了目前知识研究中存在的不足。     

IDSS中面向对象模型库动态链接的研究

研究智能决策支持系统(IDSS)中模型库的存储方式及模型索引。通过对某预研课题模型库部分的研究与分析，探讨了在IDSS中模型从模型库中动态链接的问题。并根据课题的实例提出了模型参数索引的思想和具体的动态链接方式。解决了模型的在应用中智能集成的问题，从而提高了整个IDSS的决策质量和决策效率。     

An exploratory study for investigating the critical success factors for cloud migration in the Saudi Arabian higher education context

Saudi universities have at their disposal a huge number of low cost IT resources to aid in teaching, research and learning. By migrating to cloud services, Saudi universities will be moving data and programs from local servers to the internet, thereby providing users with the ability to access and share information at any time from multiple devices. The migration to cloud-based IT resources is not yet widespread in Saudi universities due to several challenges including security, legal policies and implementation. At present, there is lack of research and guidance for Saudi universities on how to overcome these challenges and how contextual factors can influence the successful migration to the educational clouds.This research presents a framework for the successful migration to cloud technology in the Saudi Arabian universities. In this research, a set of key critical success factors (CSFs) were identified by synthesizing components from studies concerned with the migration of cloud for higher education and factors identified from the successful implementation of WBL (Web Based Learning) and ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning) on higher education in Saudi Arabia. Based on this knowledge, the proposed framework was evaluated via expert review and a survey by IT specialists from the Saudi universities. The initial CSFs were updated based on the expert reviews and the results were analysed. Based on the findings at this stage, additional CSFs were added to the framework as suggested by the experts. Subsequently, in order to confirm the reviewed CSFs, additional investigation via a structured online questionnaire was conducted and the outcome was analysed via one-sample t-test with the data integrity analysed via Cronbach’s alpha. The outcome indicated the majority of CSFs to be statistically significant except the Physical Location CSF. Potential future study and contributions are discussed.     

电子政务的融合之路及ICT新技术的应用

本文在阐述我国电子政务发展需求的基础上,分析了我国当前政府信息化建设中存在的问题,提出了政府信息化建设在未来的发展方向:即引入企业界知识管理和协同工作的概念,以人(用户)为中心,实现敏捷协同和知识管理,提高政府内部的工作效率,改善决策的科学性,更好的推动向服务型政府的转变。进而引出应当应用SOA、Portal、SAAS等当前先进的IT和通信技术于下一代新型电子政务系统之中来满足政府信息化日益丰富的需求,并通过实际案例来验证应用和技术上的可行性。     

Analyzing the effects of technological,organizational and competition factors on Web knowledge exchange in SMEs

Internet technologies are increasingly being used within all knowledge management processes, including knowledge acquisition, knowledge exchange and knowledge use. Although technological issues are key drivers for Internet technologies adoption and use, organizational and environmental aspects have been found to be equally important. This paper extends previous studies on the use of Internet technologies and knowledge management by analyzing factors affecting Web knowledge exchange in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). More specifically, by drawing on the technology–organization–environment framework, a model to examine how distinct contextual factors influence Web knowledge exchange in SMEs is developed. The hypotheses are tested by using structural equation modelling on a large sample of Spanish SMEs from different industries. Results suggest that IT expertise and commitment-based human resource practices positively affect Web knowledge exchange, with the latter being the strongest factor in our proposed model. In contrast, a negative relationship is found between competition and Web knowledge exchange.     

Reaping the benefits of innovative IT: the long and winding road

The expectation that banks and other service industries will do better through investments in innovative IT applications requires a fundamental understanding that benefits do not stem from technology alone. Innovative IT applications have the potential to change the way banks conduct their business and, as such, must be viewed as a major organizational change. This study examines how different stakeholder perspectives of innovative IT influence the implementation process, attitudes toward usage, and perceived benefits in mandatory use situations. Using a case study methodology, the authors explore these issues in the context of a major IT initiative underway at a multibank holding company headquartered in the Midwest US. They found that innovative IT applications involve change that is inherently a long-term endeavor requiring transformations of individual skills and organizational processes and practices. Their research suggests that the time lag before realization of performance gains is affected by the implementation process. Their findings have a number of generalizable lessons for practice as well as implications for future research     

一种用于提高ESD保护器件开启速度的新型变化横向基区 掺杂结构双触发晶闸管

The turn-on speed of electrostatic discharge （ESD） protection devices is very important for the protection of the ultrathin gate oxide. A double trigger silicon controlled rectifier device （DTSCR） can be used effectively for ESD protection because it can turn on relatively quickly. The turn-on process of the DTSCR is first studied, and a formula for calculating the turn-on time of the DTSCR is derived. It is found that the turn-on time of the DTSCR is determined mainly by the base transit time of the parasitic p-n-p and n-p-n transistors. Using the variation lateral base doping （VLBD） structure can reduce the base transit time, and a novel DTSCR device with a VLBD structure （VLBD_DTSCR） is proposed for ESD protection applications. The static-state and turn-on characteristics of the VLBD DTSCR device are simulated. The simulation results show that the VLBD structure can introduce a built-in electric field in the base region of the parasitic n-p-n and p--n-p bipolar transistors to accelerate the transport of free-carriers through the base region. In the same process and layout area, the turn-on time of the VLBD DTSCR device is at least 27% less than that of the DTSCR device with the traditional uniform base doping under the same value of the trigger current.     

企业知识库部署的实践分享

在当前信息化社会中,知识管理的成功应用是组织在企业文化、企业核心竞争力、人才培养等关键性管理课题上取得成效的综合体现。系统化的知识管理是企业实现可持续发展的基本立足点。本文从知识管理的特点,难点、寻找知识管理最佳实践、KM平台工具选型、企业文化和部署知识库、知识库的外延一内容管理五个方面,分享了企业在知识库部署实践中积累的知识和经验。     

Dimensions of national culture and corporate adoption of ITinfrastructure

Corporate adoption of information technology (IT) infrastructure is a critical management issue that may be affected by national culture. Prior research has shown that dimensions of national culture affect development of national IT infrastructure as well as adoption and impact of IT applications. This study explores the impact of two dimensions of national culture (uncertainty avoidance and power distance) on the adoption of a type of IT infrastructure (frame relay). A multinational survey was carried out, and it yielded useable responses from 153 businesses from 24 countries. The results demonstrated that businesses from higher uncertainty avoidance countries were less likely to adopt frame relay. A one-point increase in Hofstede's uncertainty avoidance index for the country of incorporation was associated with a 3% lower likelihood of adopting frame relay. Power distance was not significantly correlated with adoption of frame relay. These results highlight the relevance of dimensions of national culture as factors affecting corporate adoption of IT infrastructure. Implications for practice and further research are presented     

基于本体的数学知识获取与知识继承机制研究

基于本体、框架和逻辑给出了数学知识表示语言，采用了面向概念的数学知识获取方法，利用半自动的方式对数学知识进行了获取。提出了知识树的概念用于所获得的知识的管理，设计并实现了数学知识获取和管理平台。研究了数学概念知识体系结构以及概念之间的知识继承机制，并对知识继承的一致性进行了分析。在数学知识的应用方面，对基于Web的数学知识问答系统、数学智能教学系统、数学知识的多语言版本自动生成等进行了初步的探讨。     

单晶硅化物及其应用

本文评述了单晶CoSi_2和NiSi_2的结构特点、各种制备方法、器件应用和发展前景。采用分子束外延(MBE)和“内延”法(Mesotaxy)制备的单晶硅化物质量,电学性能和热稳定性较好。由于首次得到理想的突变的金属——半导体接触,使对金属——半导体接触的理论分析成为可能。硅/单晶硅化物/硅结构在实际应用中非常重要,如单晶硅化物作集电极埋层,能降低集电极串联电阻,克服重掺杂埋层的横扩和自掺杂问题,提高了电路工作速度,减小了器件面积。埋层硅化物也可作为微波传输线的地线,是实现高频集成电路互连的好方法。而采用该结构制备的高速器件——金属基区晶体管(MBT)和穿透基区晶体管(PBT),具有很好的应用前景。     

DDoS攻击恶意行为知识库构建

针对分布式拒绝服务（distributed denial of service,DDoS）网络攻击知识库研究不足的问题,提出了DDoS攻击恶意行为知识库的构建方法。该知识库基于知识图谱构建,包含恶意流量检测库和网络安全知识库两部分：恶意流量检测库对 DDoS 攻击引发的恶意流量进行检测并分类;网络安全知识库从流量特征和攻击框架对DDoS 攻击恶意行为建模,并对恶意行为进行推理、溯源和反馈。在此基础上基于DDoS 开放威胁信号（DDoS open threat signaling,DOTS）协议搭建分布式知识库,实现分布式节点间的数据传输、DDoS攻击防御与恶意流量缓解功能。实验结果表明,DDoS攻击恶意行为知识库能在多个网关处有效检测和缓解DDoS攻击引发的恶意流量,并具备分布式知识库间的知识更新和推理功能,表现出良好的可扩展性。     

洛河发电厂电气设备操作票专家系统的研制

本文介绍了洛河发电厂电气设备操作票专家系统的设计方法，系统以ＢｏｒｌａｎｄＣ＋＋为开发工具，以Ｗｉｎｄｏｗｓ为运行环境，重点介绍了面向对象的知识库和人机对话的设计方法。     

基于光并行计算的知识库系统及硬件支持系统

本文在分析知识库系统和光计算特点的基础上,提出了基于计算的知识库系统（KBSBOC）模型及其硬件支持系统,KBSBOC采用二进制矩阵表示知识,并用矩阵计算实现并行推理和学习,这种知识库操作全并行化,适合于光计算,KBSBOC硬件支持系统是光电混合系统,主要由主控机,知识存储体及光并行逻辑运算器构成,性能分析和实验结果表明KBSBOC及其硬件支持系统是有效的,合理的,它使解决迷宫问题的时间复杂性压缩到O(n).