热处理温度对MOD-YBCO薄膜微结构和超导电性的影响

采用TFA-MOD法在LaAlO3基体上制备YBCO薄膜,热处理温度为780-860℃。XRD结果表明,热处理温度在780-820℃之间时,随着热处理温度的提高,YBCO薄膜中BaF2逐渐减少,a轴生长的晶粒和杂质相减少,c轴生长的晶粒增加;热处理温度在820-860℃之间时,随着热处理温度的升高,薄膜中a轴生长的晶粒增加,c轴生长的晶粒减少;SEM分析发现,YBCO薄膜表面较平整,无裂纹;超导性能测试结果表明,热处理温度为820℃的YBCO薄膜的临界电流密度Jc可达1 MA.cm^-2（77 K,0 T）。     

采用TFA-MOD技术在LaAlO3单晶基片上制备YBa2Cu3O7-x涂层导体

三氟乙酸盐-金属有机沉积技术（TFA-MOD）是制备钇钡铜氧涂层导体的有发展前景的方法之一。采用TFA-MOD技术在铝酸镧单晶基片上制备出YBa2Cu3O7-x涂层导体，并对不同烧结温度下制备的薄膜作了分析比较，找到了较为合适的烧结温度。用X射线衍射进行了物相的定性分析，由YBCO薄膜的（103）φ扫描图谱分析了薄膜的外延生长，用原子力显微镜观察了薄膜表面形貌。结果 表明制备出的YBCO薄膜表面均匀致密、无明显裂纹、有较强的（001）衍射峰。     

磁控溅射制备YBCO超导薄膜的AFM研究

采用中空柱阴极直流磁控溅射装置制备YBCO超导薄膜,应用原子力显微镜（AFM）研究了在最佳工艺条件下沉积在LaAlO3和Zr(Y)O2上的具有c轴取向的YBCO超导薄膜及其相应衬底的表面形貌,生长的YBCO膜都具有较好的表面结构,在LaAlO3单晶衬底上的YBCO膜形成大颗粒岛状结构,颗粒生长整齐,尺寸大小均匀;生长在单晶Zr(Y)O2上的YBCO膜则形成起伏较大的层状与岛状生长的混合结构,这些差别的产生与衬底的初始状况及制备过程中膜与衬底的界面作用有关。分析了形成超导薄膜不同表面形貌的原因,从生长机理角度讨论了表面形貌与缺陷和位错的形成机制。     

走带速率对Y2O3隔离层生长的影响

采用反应溅射的方法在具有立方织构的Ni基底上连续制备了 Y2O3隔离层.用X射线θ～2θ扫描, φ扫描对薄膜的取向和织构进行表征,用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对薄膜的表面形貌进行观察.主要研究了走带速率对隔离层外延生长及表面形貌的影响.实验表明:随着走带速率的增大,Y2O3的平面内φ扫描半高宽(FWHM)增大,(400)峰的相对强度减小,晶粒更加细小;同时,制备的三层Y2O3隔离层,其面内φ扫描半高宽取决于第一层的半高宽;最终在三层Y2O3隔离层上沉积了有良好外延取向的YBCO超导层,其FWHM为8.0°.     

射频溅射法在CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3/NiW衬底上制备YBCO超导层

用射频溅射的方法在强立方织构的CeO2/YSZ/Y2O3/NiW衬底上制备了YBCO超导层. 温度、气压等因素对超导层的外延生长有重要影响. 在基片温度大于780 ℃, 气压在11～160 Pa之间, 都有NiWO4化合物生成;在退火吸氧过程中, 金属基底被氧化. 最终在温度780 ℃, 气压100 Pa的条件下, 制备出了纯（00l）取向的YBCO薄膜, 其平面内φ扫描半高宽小于10°, 超导转变温度为87.2 K, 传导电流为11 A.     

采用溶胶-凝胶方法制备Tl-2212超导薄膜

研究了采用溶胶-凝胶法在(001)取向的铝酸镧(LAO)单晶衬底上制备Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8(Tl-2212)高温超导薄膜。该方法是以乙酸铊、乙酸钡、乙酸钙、乙酸铜为起始原料,其中,Tl,Cu的含量要略高于Tl-2212超导相中的比例,并以乳酸、α-甲基丙烯酸、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺、甲酰胺、甲醇为络合剂及溶剂,制得粘度合适的溶胶。以旋转涂层方法制备凝胶膜,凝胶膜经过干燥、热分解及后退火等工艺处理后,可得到超导样品。X射线衍射(XRD)的θ-2θ和Φ扫描测试表明,该样品为纯c轴取向的Tl-2212高温超导薄膜,且ab面内织构;电子能谱分析(EDX)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)测试表明,该薄膜的组分比为Tl∶Ba∶Ca∶Cu=2∶2∶1∶2,且具有平整致密的表面形貌;临界温度(Tc)测试表明,薄膜具有良好的超导特性,其Tc可达104.5 K。     

用化学溶液法制备银基底Bi-2212超导薄膜

Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox(Bi-2212)薄膜制备工艺相对简单,在低温下具有优异的性能,因此备受青睐,已经有不少研究小组采用真空或非真空方法成功制备出高质量的Bi-2212薄膜。一般而言,单晶基底被广泛用于Bi-2212薄膜的制备。与单晶基底不同,银基底无织构,但银基底的表面粗糙度等因素对Bi-2212的c轴织构和临界电流密度有影响。并且由于银基底对Bi系高温超导材料具有较低表面能,因此Bi-2212薄膜可以在银基底上稳定存在。以乙酸-氨水溶液为基础,开发了一种在银基底上制备Bi-2212薄膜的方法,对其中的关键步骤做了详细的研究,主要包括银基底的抛光、化学溶液的配制、烧结温度等。重复旋涂-热解过程可以消除经由一次旋涂热解带来的气泡;另外在银基底和低氧分压条件下,Bi-2212的成相温度点下移,在790℃保温5 h即可制备出单相Bi-2212薄膜。扫描电镜(SEM)观测表明,薄膜表面均匀平整无裂纹。随着烧结温度的升高,Bi-2201相开始出现并且其衍射峰的强度随烧结温度的升高迅速增加;当烧结温度为850℃时,出现了一种棒状相,能谱(EDS)分析表明该棒状相是一种缺Cu相。     

反应溅射法在蓝宝石衬底上制备CeO2缓冲层

用金属铈作为靶材,采用射频反应磁控溅射法在（1 102）蓝宝石衬底上制备C轴取向CeO2外延薄膜缓冲层。结果表明在温度低于450℃或溅射功率低于50 W的条件下CeO2薄膜呈（111）取向生长;升高温度和功率CeO2薄膜的（111）取向减弱,（002）取向增强;在温度高于750℃或溅射功率高于120 W条件下CeO2薄膜呈（111）取向和（002）取向混合生长。结合X射线衍射仪和原子力显微镜表征CeO2薄膜的结构和表面形貌,获得在最优化条件下（衬底温度在680℃左右,溅射功率在80 W左右,溅射气压在25 Pa,氩氧比在15∶1）制备的CeO2薄膜具有优良的面内面外取向和平整的表面。     

电沉积涂层对取向硅钢性能的影响

研究电沉积烧结使表面获得含有微量Y2O3的Al2O3涂层对取向硅钢性能的影响,结果发现,电沉积30s烧结温度800℃烧结时间5min的取向硅钢试样在15mm的圆棒上弯曲后张力涂层没有出现开裂,薄膜完好无损,依然结合致密、均匀无裂纹.间接地证明了含稀有元素Y的氧化物薄膜产生了"活性元素效应",提高了氧化物涂层的附着性.     

磁控溅射法制备YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-x)双面超导薄膜

采用大直径中空柱状阴极磁控溅射装置和筒形加热器制备了高质量YBa2 Cu3O7-x双面超导薄膜。使用衬底为 (0 0 1)LaAlO3和 (0 0 1)YSZ。双面超导薄膜零电阻温度TC=89～ 91K ,临界电流密度JC≥ 10 6A/cm2 (77K ,零场下 ) ,微波表面电阻RS<1mΩ(77K ,10GHz)。对不同氧氩比下制备的双面膜进行了性能的比较。当O2 ∶Ar =1∶2 .5 ,衬底温度在80 0℃时 ,制备出了高质量的双面超导薄膜。同时对双面超导薄膜进行了微结构分析。用制备的 2 5mm× 2 0mm双面膜研制成功中频滤波器 ,中心频率为 1 0 6GHz时 ,插损为 0 6 7dB。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.