酶法水解麦胚制取持水剂的研究

采用响应面分析方法研究了酶法水解麦胚制取持水剂的生产工艺，并对产品应用于香肠中的抗氧化效果进行了试验。试验结果表明：酶法水解麦胚制取持水剂的优化工艺参数为：对１０％的麦胚乳４００ｍｌ，反应温度为４４．４℃，反应时间为４ｈ，酶与底物浓度比为８６０μ／ｇ。经优化工艺生产的持水剂的水分活度为０．８９６，所对应的水解度为２６．５％。应用于香肠可显著提高其货架寿命。     

棉织物的生物酶退练一浴连续工艺探讨

讨论了自制的淀粉酶和果胶酶的相容性 ;重点研究了不饱和蒸汽汽蒸的温度和时间 ,以及两种酶浓度变化对织物退浆率和毛效的影响 ,从而确定了棉织物生物酶用不饱和蒸汽退浆一浴连续处理的最佳工艺条件。     

始于用户需求 终于用户满意

廊坊百冠包装机械有限公司（原廊坊包装设备制造总公司）作为专业的饮料机械制造企业,拥有近30年的设计经验,掌握了液体灌装等多项核心专利技术,成功开发了一系列中、大型灌装机组,并已经具备了产业化条件,在行业中处于领先地位。     

网印折光装饰盒的生产条件

网印折光装饰技术的出现,给我国网印包装行业带来了机会,论述了生产高质量网印折光包装品必须具备的三个条件;制作高质量的网印版;创造2高洁净的印刷环境;培养高素质的操作人员和添加高精度的印刷设备,着重介绍了制作高质量网印版的各工序。     

Genetic evaluation of dairy cattle with test-day models with autoregressive covariance structures and with a 305-d model

This study compared genetic evaluations from 3 test-day (TD) models with different assumptions about the environmental covariance structure for TD records and genetic evaluations from 305-d lactation records for dairy cows. Estimates of genetic values of 12,071 first-lactation Holstein cows were obtained with the 3 TD models using 106,472 TD records. The compound symmetry (CS) model was a simple test-day repeatability animal model with compound symmetry covariance structure for TD environmental effects. The AR_s and AR_e models also used TD records but with a first-order autoregressive covariance structure among short-term environmental effects or residuals, respectively. Estimates of genetic values with the TD models were also compared with those from a model using 305-d lactation records. Animals were genetically evaluated for milk, fat, and protein yields, and somatic cell score (SCS). The largest average estimates of accuracy of predicted breeding values were obtained with the AR_s model and the smallest were with the 305-d model. The 305-d model resulted in smaller estimates of correlations between average predicted breeding values of the parents and lactation records of their daughters for milk and protein yields and SCS than did the CS and AR_e models. Predicted breeding values with the 3 TD models were highly correlated (0.98 to 1.00). Predicted breeding values with 305-d lactation records were moderately correlated with those with TD models (0.71 to 0.87 for sires and 0.80 to 0.87 for cows). More genetic improvement can be achieved by using TD models to select for animals for higher milk, fat, and protein yields, and lower SCS than by using models with 305-d lactation records.     

强度为Weibul分布,应力为其他分布的可靠度求解

运用应力—强度相干理论,推导出强度为Ｗｅｉｂｕｌ分布,应力为其他分布时可靠度求解表达式,并应用专用数学软件Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ实现了数值的求解。文中给出若干求解实例,求解的过程简便、直观,有利于工程可靠性设计与分析借鉴     

Edible films produced with gelatin and casein cross-linked with transglutaminase

In this study, transglutaminase was used to produce cross-linked casein, gelatin and casein–gelatin blend (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75 and 0:100) edible films. Cross-linking was investigated by SDS–PAGE. Mechanical and water vapor barrier properties of the films were characterized using ASTM procedures, and the film morphology was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy. The casein–gelatin film showed significant greater elongation values (P < 0.05) with or without transglutaminase treatment, as compared to films made from gelatin or casein alone. Mixtures of casein and gelatin produced a synergistic effect only observed in the film elongation, while no improvement was detected for tensile strength and water vapor barrier properties, except for the casein:gelatin (75:25) formulation with transglutaminase, which showed the lowest water vapor permeability value (5.06 ± 0.31 g mm/m² d kPa). Enzymatic cross-linking also induced a substantial increase in the high molecular weight protein components in the film forming solutions.     

紧跟潮流的环锭纺纱系统

立达推出环锭纺和紧密纺设备用的辅助系统,可帮助纺纱设备快速顺应潮流、升级产品。     

Struggle with hydrogel CL wear increases with age in young adults

Purpose

To report the symptoms and experiences associated with habitual hydrogel (Hyd) and silicone hydrogel (SiHy) contact lenses (CLs) among young adults and measure their association with age.

Methods

Questionnaire responses from 699 Hyd and 183 SiHy wearers were analyzed to test the association of age with features indicating struggle with CL wear. Prevalence by age was compared between groups with Pearson's chi-square and within groups with Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Results

Hyd and SiHy groups were similar for sex and age distribution. Diagnosis of dry eye increased with age in the Hyd wearers from 10.6% to 21.1% (18-24 vs. 30-35 years), but was approximately 19% in the SiHy wearers across age. Adverse environments caused more discomfort with Hyd than SiHy lenses and Hyd wearers’ discomfort increased with age (smoky (p = 0.0001), dry air environments (p = 0.002), after napping or sleeping (p = 0.004). More Hyd wearers considered discontinuation of CL wear with age, from 4.6% to 14.2% (18-24 vs. 30-35 years, p < 0.04), but the proportion remained steady at 9% across age for SiHy wearers (p = 0.46).

Conclusions

From 18 to 35 years, hydrogel CL wearers reported increasing struggle with CL wear and more negative ratings compared to SiHy wearers. Older hydrogel CL wearers were also more likely to consider discontinuing CL wear compared with younger hydrogel or silicone hydrogel CL wearers in general. Young adult CL wearers should be routinely queried directly about specific aspects of CL wear in order to determine whether different lens types should be prescribed to avoid abandonment of CL wear.     

猪皮制革必须适应市场经济

本文讨论了猪皮制革的现状,分析其成因,在此基础上阐明了猪皮制革必须适应市场经济的观点,并提出了猪皮制革走出低谷的若干具体对策。     

滑动拉丝机的均滑动系数配模

分析水箱拉丝机传统配模工艺的缺点，介绍均滑动系数配模的优点，举例阐述了水箱拉丝机的均滑动系数配模工艺。     

Instrumental and consumer evaluation of pork restructured with activa™ or with fibrimex™ formulated with and without phosphate

Pork treatments were restructured with: (1) 1.15 g/100 g Activa™ TG-RM (TG); (2) 10 g/100 g Fibrimex™ (control-10); (3) 5 g/100 g Fibrimex™(control-5); (4) 5 g/100 g Fibrimex™ plus 0.3 g/100 g sodium tripolyphosphate (STP). Color, proximate analysis, texture profile analysis, cook yield, dimensional change, and bind strength of raw and cooked treatments were evaluated. TG had the strongest raw and cooked bind (P?0.05). Hardness and gumminess were similar for all treatments (P>0.05); however, TG resulted in the most cohesiveness (P?0.05). Consumer analysis was performed on treatments 1, 2 and 4. Consumers rated TG higher for flavor and overall acceptability (P?0.05) with no differences among treatments for texture (P>0.05). Restructured pork steaks formulated with the combination of STP and 5 g/100 g Fibrimex™ were rated similar to 10 g/100 g Fibrimex™ in texture and flavor indicating that steaks formulated with the STP treatment are acceptable to consumers as well as being economically viable.     

约会艺术

去国外旅行,除了感受异国的风土人情,体验不同的城市文化,品尝当地美食以外,参观一两座知名的博物馆、艺术馆,通常都会被作为重要的计划列入旅行的日程中。的确,那些拥有丰富藏品的博物馆诚然是一部立体的艺术教科书,丰富着人们的思想和学识。本期,让我们一起去找寻那些能让你在闲暇、度假时,除了与朋友逛街、畅谈、吃饭、喝茶之外,还可以与艺术来场"约会"的地方。     

十年风雨路 焙烤火申城——2004第七届中国国际焙烤展览会侧记

<正> 由中国焙烤食品糖制品工业协会、德国中央焙烤协会共同主办的2004第七届中国国际焙烤展览会已于5月28～30日在上海光大会展中心圆满结束。用火暴二字,形容本届会展再恰当不过了。20多个国家的展商云集,东西展厅连成一片,是主办方精心服务感动了“上帝”,还是来自中外从业人士钟情正日益走俏的中国焙烤市场呢?     

同自然一起呼吸

建筑师雅克·穆沙菲尔以"隐形"作为主要设计思路,来设计这所房子,只有屋顶作为天与地之间的隔离。而在结构上,这所房子,则简约成为一根支撑屋顶的金属梁以及七个不锈钢金属框架的盒子。     

Teaming with ideas

Faced with an uncertain future and increasingly discerning customers, foodservice at Providence Medical Center has introduced an array of service innovations.