木醋杆菌生物合成CMC改性细菌纤维素

以椰子水为培养基,添加羧甲基纤维素(Carboxymethyl cellulose, CMC)可制备羧甲基纤维素改性细菌纤维素(CMC-BC)。CMC可促进产物产量：当CMC添加量为0.6% (w/v%)时,产量达到最大（11.41mg/ml）,是纯BC产量(4.73 mg/ml)的2.2倍。采用红外（FT-IR）表征了产物结构,1598cm-1处的吸收峰说明CMC进入了BC中;通过SEM、XRD、TGA研究了产物的微观形态及其性能;并测试了产物的特性粘度与羧甲基化程度。结果显示利用椰子水所制备的CMC-BC缩短了培养时间,增大了产量;并且在CMC添加量较少(0.2-1.8%)时,可改善CMC-BC的性能。     

生物有机纳米材料——细菌纤维素

与传统植物纤维素相比,醋菌纤维有许多优良性能,如高纯度、高聚合度、高结晶度、高亲水性、高杨氏模量、高强度和纤维的纳米细度.由于这些特性,使它在食品、医药、化工、无纺织物等轻工领域成为一种很有潜力的新型生物材料.工业化生产方法有平面静态培养、连续静培养机械装置、普通发酵罐生产法.     

利用椰子水生物合成CMC改性细菌纤维素

以椰子水为培养基,于培养基中添加羧甲基纤维素(CMC)后培养木醋杆菌可制备羧甲基纤维素改性细菌纤维素(CMC-BC)。当添加6g/LCMC时,CMC-BC产量达到最大(10.41g/L),是纯BC产量(4.73g/L)的2.2倍。采用FTIR表征了产物结构;通过SEM、XRD、TGA研究了产物性能;并测试了产物的特性黏度与含水率。结果显示,利用椰子水所制备的CMC-BC缩短了培养时间(3d)。适量添加CMC〔ρ(CMC)=2～18g/L〕时,CMC-BC的聚合度增大,且具有较好热稳定性及较高含水率。CMC-BC还表现出较好的溶解性能。     

细菌纤维素高产菌的选育

以木醋杆菌为出发菌株,通过紫外诱变的手段,获得一株产酸减少,纤维素产量提高,产纤维素较稳定的菌株UV3,纤维素产量由6g／L（干重）提高到10g／L（干重）。     

细菌纤维素的性质与结构研究

测定了木醋杆菌所产生纤维素中纤维素、蛋白质、脂肪的含量 ,分别为 95.8%、1 .7%、1 .3% ,并且通过电镜扫描观察了产品的微观结构 ,比较了不同的培养方式对纤维素结构的影响     

糖源对细菌纤维素产量的影响

对不同糖源及糖浓度对细菌纤维素的影响进行了探讨,不同的糖源对纤维素的产量有较大的影响,其中以葡萄糖+果糖(1∶1 g/g)为唯一糖源时产量最高。当总糖浓度为40 g/L时,纤维素的产量接近最高点(2.55 g/L)。     

木醋杆菌发酵生产细菌纤维素的研究

利用木醋杆菌为实验菌种合成细菌纤维素,通过正交实验和单因素实验优化发酵培养基配方,确定了最佳制备条件,并利用扫描电镜、红外光谱对合成细菌纤维素的微结构进行了观察分析。     

红茶菌制备细菌纤维素的研究

寻找高效的生产菌和发酵工艺以及廉价高效的培养基是解决当前细菌纤维素产业化面临的高生产成本和低产率等瓶颈问题的重要手段。以红茶菌和木葡糖酸醋杆菌作为生产菌株,比较研究了不同碳源、氮源以及茶叶浓度对两种菌合成细菌纤维素的影响。结果表明,以红茶菌制备的细菌纤维素与木葡糖酸醋杆菌无本质区别;红茶菌生产细菌纤维素的效率显著高于木葡糖酸醋杆菌,产量可提高3倍以上。     

细菌纤维素的静态发酵及物理性质研究

以木醋杆菌为生产菌,在静态培养条件下,通过改变碳源及初始pH值等条件,初步研究了发酵过程中pH值、残糖以及纤维素产量的变化,并初步测定了纤维素的性质。结果发现在葡萄糖、麦芽糖、蔗糖、甘露醇四种碳源中,甘露醇获得的纤维素产量最高;菌体在初始pH值4～6范围内生长较好,pH值为4.5时产量最高;扫描电镜观察菌体长度大约为2μm,宽度为0.8μm左右,纤维直径分布在10～80nm之间,其中80%主要分布在20～50nm,在30～40nm之间最多;红外光谱显示了细菌纤维素葡聚糖的特征吸收;热重分析表明,细菌纤维素最大失重速率温度为342.9℃,在622.2℃,失重率达到72.26%;每克湿纤维素膜含水130～210g,含水率超过99%,而每克干纤维素膜能吸水3.1～5.0g。     

低相对分子质量细菌纤维素的生物合成

通过木醋杆菌菌株HN001静态培养,生物合成了低相对分子质量细菌纤维素(LMBC),其培养基是以海南椰子水为原料,添加了糖和其他盐类化合物。研究了影响LMBC产率的几个因素,如培养温度、培养时间和培养基初始pH。获得高产率LMBC的适宜条件是:培养时间72 h,培养温度33℃,培养基初始pH=4,LMBC产率达1.2 g/L。用凝胶过滤色谱仪(GFC)测定了其相对分子质量及其分布。研究了培养基初始pH从3.5到5.5变化对LMBC相对分子质量及其分布的影响,结果表明,该pH范围内相对分子质量的变化不大,其分布指数均约为1.3,说明相对分子质量均匀。用透射电镜测试了其形貌,证明LMBC的形貌近似球形,大小约20 nm;LMBC冷冻干燥后经红外光谱确证了其结构。     

有机酸对木醋杆菌合成细菌纤维素的影响规律

木醋杆菌(Acetobacter xylinum)在静止培养条件下,在基本培养基中添加醋酸、柠檬酸和乳酸,可以提高细菌纤维素的产量。但各种增效因子的添加量均有一最适宜的浓度。其中,添加0.1%的醋酸,细菌纤维素的产量为2.75 g/L;加入0.2%的柠檬酸时细菌纤维素产量为2.15 g/L;加入0.1%的乳酸,细菌纤维素的产量为2.76 g/L。     

Bacterial Cellulose Hybrid Composites with Calcium Phosphate for Bone Tissue Regeneration

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is a unique microbial biopolymer with a huge number of significant applications in the biomedical field, including bone tissue engineering. The present study proposes to obtain and characterize BC hybrid composites with calcium phosphate as biocompatible and bioactive membranes for bone tissue engineering. BC precursor membranes were obtained in static culture fermentation, and after purification, were oxidized to obtain 2,3-dialdehyde bacterial cellulose (DABC). Calcium phosphate-BC oxidized membranes were produced by successive immersion in precursor solutions under ultrasonic irradiation. The samples were characterized for their physicochemical properties using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GI-XRD), solid-state ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (CP/MAS ¹³C NMR), and complex thermal analysis. In vitro cell studies were also performed to evaluate the influence of modified morphological characteristics on cell adhesion and proliferation. The results showed an increase in porosity and biodegradability for DABC hybrid composites compared with BC. In vitro cell studies have revealed that both hybrid composites favor cell adhesion to the surface. The new BC and DABC hybrid composites with calcium phosphate could be considered promising materials for bone tissue regeneration.     

Photo-Crosslinked Hyaluronic Acid/Carboxymethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel as a Dural Substitute to Prevent Post-Surgical Adhesion

A dural substitute is frequently used to repair dura mater during neurosurgical procedures. Although autologous or commercially available dural substitutes matched most of the requirements; difficulties during dural repair, including insufficient space for suturing, insufficient mechanical strength, easy tear and cerebrospinal fluid leakage, represent major challenges. To meet this need, a photo-crosslinked hydrogel was developed as a dural substitute/anti-adhesion barrier in this study, which can show sol-to-gel phase transition in situ upon short-time exposure to visible light. For this purpose, hyaluronic acid (HA) and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), materials used in abdominal surgery for anti-adhesion purposes, were reacted separately with glycidyl methacrylate to form hyaluronic acid methacrylate (HAMA) and carboxymethyl cellulose methacrylate (CMCMA). The HA/CMC (HC) hydrogels with different HA compositions could be prepared by photo-crosslinking HAMA and CMCMA with a 400 nm light source using lithium phenyl-2,4,6-trimethylbenzoylphosphinate as a photo-initiator. From studies of physico-chemical and biological properties of HC composite hydrogels, they are bio-compatible, bio-degradable and mechanically robust, to be suitable as a dural substitute. By drastically reducing attachment and penetration of adhesion-forming fibroblasts in vitro, the HC hydrogel can also act as an anti-adhesion barrier to prevent adhesion formation after dural repair. From in vivo study in rabbits, the HC hydrogel can repair dural defects as well as protect the dura from post-operative adhesion, endorsing the possible application of this hydrogel as a novel dural substitute.