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细菌黏附在食品或食品接触表面并形成生物被膜可能导致设备损坏、食品变质甚至人类疾病。混合菌生物被膜作为细菌在食品工业中的主要存在形式,与单菌生物被膜相比,对消毒剂和抗菌素往往具有更强的抗性。然而,混合菌生物被膜的形成与种间相互作用十分复杂,其在食品工业中的潜在作用仍有待探索。本文总结了混合菌生物被膜的形成和种间相互作用以及近年来的新型控制策略,并对未来食品工业中混合菌生物被膜的污染防控进行了展望,旨在为混合菌生物被膜在食品工业中的深入研究以及制定高效的新型控制策略提供理论依据和参考,以期更好地保障食品安全与公众健康。 相似文献
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以食源性病原菌金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌及其混合菌为研究对象,采用单因素分析及BoxBehnken试验,确定混合菌生物被膜形成的最佳条件;通过96微孔板法分别测定胰蛋白胨大豆肉汤培养基(tryptone soybroth,TSB)、葡萄糖和NaCl对单一菌和混合菌在最佳条件下形成生物被膜能力的影响。结果显示,混合菌生物被膜的最佳培养基p H值为7,培养温度36℃,培养时间22 h;采用质量分数为1.6%的TSB培养基时,病原菌在最佳条件下形成的生物被膜黏附率最大;碳源促进了生物被膜的形成;NaCl质量分数大于0.4%时,食源性病原菌生物被膜的形成能力受到一定抑制。综上,培养条件能够影响病原菌生物被膜的形成。 相似文献
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该研究以食源性混合病原菌生物被膜(金黄色葡萄球菌-大肠杆菌-沙门氏菌)为研究对象,研究不同质量浓度的乙二胺四乙酸(ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid,EDTA)对混合菌生物被膜的抑制作用。结果表明,当添加0.25 mmol/L的EDTA时即可使混合菌生物被膜黏附率下降16.5%,检测AI-2分子活性和扫描电镜观察形态进一步证实了随着EDTA浓度的增加,黏附度逐渐减少;EDTA仅对处于黏附期(0~28 h)的混合菌生物被膜有抑制作用;添加二价金属离子(Mg~(2+)、Ca~(2+)、Fe~(2+))可增强混合菌生物被膜的稳定性。 相似文献
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具有抑菌特性的乳杆菌对食源性病原菌生物被膜形成的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌为指示菌,研究分离自内蒙古传统发酵食品中的5株乳杆菌对病原菌及其生物被膜的抑制作用。结果表明,5株乳杆菌对单一菌和混合菌生物被膜及AI-2分子相对活性均有抑制作用;ALAC-1和ALAC-5代谢产物抑菌效果较好,尤其对金黄色葡萄球菌抑制作用最好,ALAC-5抑菌率高达78.95%,ALAC-1可达69.47%;混合菌生物被膜对5株乳杆菌代谢产物的敏感性较弱,乳杆菌对其生物被膜抑制作用明显低于单一菌生物被膜。 相似文献
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为分析金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药情况及生物被膜形成能力,以70株金黄色葡萄球菌为研究对象。利用纸片扩散法分析其耐药谱,组合利用刚果红平板测试法和结晶紫染色法分析其生物被膜形成能力。应用PCR技术检测生物被膜形成相关基因,并分析这些菌株耐药谱与其生物被膜形成能力强弱之间的关系。结果表明:金黄色葡萄球菌菌株耐药情况较为严重,其中97.14%的菌株具有耐药性;所有菌株均能形成生物被膜,能形成强、中等与弱粘附生物被膜能力的菌株分别占71.43%、18.57%和10%;生物被膜相关基因fnb A、fnb B和clf B的检出率分别为57.14%、20.00%和44.29%;生物被膜形成能力强的菌株,其耐药谱更广,且对利奈唑胺的耐药率差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。临床来源的金黄色葡萄球菌多重耐药性和生物被膜普遍存在,已成为食品安全中的隐患来源,研究结果为控制金黄色葡萄球菌感染提供理论依据。 相似文献
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为探索有效手段清除生物被膜,作者采用二倍稀释法研究茶多酚、柠檬醛、肉桂醛对金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌以及大肠杆菌的最小抑菌浓度。并在亚致死浓度下,利用微孔板法研究此3种天然产物抑制3种细菌及其混合菌的生物被膜形成以及群体感应信号分子AI-2的情况。结果表明,在亚抑菌浓度下,茶多酚对金黄色葡萄球菌生物被膜抑制效果最好,肉桂醛对大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的生物被膜抑制效果最好,而柠檬醛对所有细菌及其混合菌AI-2活力都具有抑制效果。 相似文献
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为了解食源性耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(methicillin-resistant S. aureus,MRSA)生物被膜形成能力及其相关基因携带情况。采用刚果红琼脂法和96孔板法测定22株食源性MRSA菌株(包括:原料乳分离株4株,鸡肉、速冻水饺和即食食品分离株各6株)的生物被膜形成能力,同时通过PCR方法对MRSA菌株生物被膜形成相关的15个基因进行检测分析。22株MRSA菌株中,刚果红琼脂法和96孔板法分别检测出21株(95.45%)和22株(100.00%)有生物被膜形成能力。96孔板法测定菌株生物被膜形成能力弱、中等和强的检出率分别为54.55%、40.91%和4.55%。MRSA菌株生物被膜相关基因clfA、fib和eno的携带率最高均为95.45%,其次是clfB(90.91%)、fnbB(54.55%)、icaBC和ebpS(都为45.45%)、agr(27.27%)、icaAD和cna(都为22.73%)、fnbA(13.64%),sar,bbp和sigB(都为4.55%)。此外,来自原料乳和即食食品的MRSA菌株较生鸡肉和速冻水饺MRSA菌株生物被膜形成能力强(p<0.05)。结果表明,96孔板法能够进行定性和定量检测生物膜的形成,而刚果红琼脂法只能定性检测生物被膜的形成,两者的定性检测结果存在一定的差异。通过96孔板法定量检测的结果表明食源性MRSA菌株普遍能形成生物被膜,其中存在一些生物被膜形成能力强的MRSA菌株,同时大部分MRSA菌株不依赖ica途径形成生物被膜,提示产肠毒素MRSA菌株形成生物被膜定植在食品加工过程的环境中,不易清除,成为食品安全中的潜在隐患。 相似文献
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蛋白酶是一类重要的水解酶,被广泛应用于皮革加工、洗涤剂等多个领域。分离到一株蛋白酶高产菌株BWL232,经16S r RNA序列分析发现其与Pseudomonas aeruginosa具有99%的同源性。发酵条件优化表明其最适产酶时间为48 h,最适发酵起始p H值为5.08,最适碳源为酵母膏和牛肉膏的复合碳源,最适氮源为胰蛋白胨,蛋白酶活最高可达到245 U/m L,同时该菌株还可以形成生物被膜,在全细胞固定化连续发酵或生物膜法处理含蛋白质类污染物的废水中具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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食源性致病菌是食品安全的重要隐患,开发针对食源性致病菌快速、有效的检测技术迫在眉睫。在诸多食源性致病菌检测手段中,重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(RPA),因具有比传统分子及免疫学检测技术如聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、实时荧光定量PCR、酶联免疫吸附技术(ELISA)等更快速、灵敏、特异、简便以及实用性强等方面优势,现已在一定程度上得到应用。本文将对RPA技术原理及其衍生技术包括直接重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(Direct-RPA)、重组酶聚合酶扩增侧流层析技术(RPA-LFD)、重组酶聚合酶扩增酶联免疫吸附技术(RPA-ELISA)、实时重组酶聚合酶扩增技术(Real-time RPA)、RPA微流体等技术进行简要综述。 相似文献
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ABSTRACT: This study evaluated whether autoinducer-2 (AI-2) activity would be associated with biofilm formation by Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7 strains on food contact surfaces. In study I, a Salmonella Typhimurium DT104 strain and an E . coli O157:H7 strain, both AI-2 positive, were individually inoculated into 50 mL of Luria–Bertani (LB) or LB + 0.5% glucose (LBG) broth, without or with stainless steel or polypropylene ( Salmonella ) coupons. At 0, 14 ( Salmonella ), 24, 48, and 72 h of storage (25 °C), cells in suspension and detached cells from the coupons, obtained by vortexing, were enumerated on tryptic soy agar. In study II, a Salmonella Thompson AI-2-positive strain and an AI-2-negative strain, and an E . coli O157:H7 AI-2-positive strain and an AI-2-negative strain were inoculated into LB broth with stainless steel coupons. Cells were enumerated as in study I. In both studies, AI-2 activity was determined in cell-free supernatants. Cell numbers of S . Typhimurium DT104 on biofilms were higher ( P < 0.05) in LB than those in LBG, while the E . coli O157:H7 strain showed no difference ( P ≥ 0.05) in biofilm cell counts between LB and LBG after storage for 72 h. Both S . Typhimurium DT104 and E . coli O157:H7 strains produced higher ( P < 0.05) AI-2 activity in LBG than LB cell suspensions. Cell counts of AI-2-positive and-negative S . Thompson and E . coli O157:H7 strains were not different ( P ≥ 0.05) within suspensions or coupons (study II). The results indicated that, under the conditions of this study, AI-2 activity of the pathogen strains tested may not have a major influence on biofilm formation on food contact surfaces, which was similar between AI-2-positive and -negative strains. 相似文献
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This study was designed to evaluate the effect of NaCl on the biofilm formation of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Shigella boydii, and Salmonella Typhimurium. The biofilm cells were cultured in media containing different NaCl concentrations (0% to 10%) for 10 d of incubation at 37 °C using a 24-well polystyrene microtiter plate, collected by swabbing methods, and enumerated using plate count method. The attachment and detachment kinetic patterns were estimated according to the modified Gompertz model. The cell surface hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation were observed at different NaCl concentrations. Most strains showed 2 distinctive phases at lower than 6% NaCl, while the numbers of adhered cells gradually increased throughout the incubation period at 4% to 10% NaCl. At 0% NaCl, the numbers of adhered L. monocytogenes, S. aureus, S. boydii, and S. Typhimurium cells rapidly increased up to 7.04, 6.47, 6.39, and 7.27 log CFU/cm(2), respectively, within 4 d of incubation. The maximum growth rate (k(A)) and specific growth rate (μ(A)) of adherent pathogenic cells were decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. Noticeable decline in the numbers of adherent cells was observed at low concentration levels of NaCl (<2%). The adherence abilities of foodborne pathogens were influenced by the physicochemical surface properties. The hydrophobicity and auto-aggregation enhanced the biofilm formation during the incubation periods. Therefore, this study could provide useful information to better understand the adhesion and detachment capability of foodborne pathogens on food contact surfaces. 相似文献
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目的 了解丽江市食品中食源性致病菌的污染状况, 为开展丽江市食品安全评估和确定高风险食品种类和分布提供科学依据。方法 2014~2016年采集丽江市售食品344份, 对沙门氏菌、单增李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌、空肠弯曲菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌6种食源性致病菌进行监测分析。结果 344份食品样品检出食源性致病菌51株, 总检出率为14.82%。3年食源性致病菌检出率分别为21.00%、15.13%和9.60%, 不同年份检出率差异有统计学意义。检出的4种食源性致病菌, 其中以蜡样芽孢杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌检出率最高, 分别为8.14%和3.49%; 空肠弯曲菌、副溶血性弧菌未检出。米米制品、学生餐(盒饭)和生肉类污染严重, 检出率分别为23.53%、18.18%和16.92%。结论 丽江市辖区市售食品中存在不同程度的食源性致病菌污染, 食品安全监管部门应加强食品安全监督管理。 相似文献
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目的 了解我国粮食加工品和肉制品中克罗诺杆菌(Cronobacter spp.)的污染情况及致病性。方法对我国8个省份的226份粮食加工品和肉制品的克罗诺杆菌污染情况进行检测,对分离菌株进行种间鉴定,并针对阪崎克罗诺杆菌进行脉冲场凝胶电泳(pulsed field gel electrophoresis, PFGE)分型及生物膜形成能力研究。结果 粮食加工品和肉制品中克罗诺杆菌的检出率分别为21.92%和12.50%。种间鉴定显示,115株分离菌株中有94株阪崎克罗诺杆菌。PFGE和结晶紫染色结果表明,94株阪崎克罗诺杆菌可被分为49个型别,均在36~60 h内达到最大菌膜生产量。结论 上述8个省份粮食加工品和肉制品中存在克罗诺杆菌污染,其中阪崎克罗诺杆菌有多种PFGE带型,且均具有生物膜形成能力,本研究可为食品安全风险评估及标准制定提供基础数据。 相似文献
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Andreja Rajkovic Jelena Jovanovic Silvia Monteiro Marlies Decleer Mirjana Andjelkovic Astrid Foubert Natalia Beloglazova Varvara Tsilla Benedikt Sas Annemieke Madder Sarah De Saeger Mieke Uyttendaele 《Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety》2020,19(4):1605-1657
Bacterial toxins are food safety hazards causing about 10% of all reported foodborne outbreaks in Europe. Pertinent to Gram‐positive pathogens, the most relevant toxins are emetic toxin and diarrheal enterotoxins of Bacillus cereus, neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum, enterotoxin of Clostridium perfringens, and a family of enterotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus and some other staphylococci. These toxins are the most important virulence factors of respective foodborne pathogens and a primary cause of the related foodborne diseases. They are proteins or peptides that differ from each other in their size, structure, toxicity, toxicological end points, solubility, and stability, types of food matrix to which they are mostly related to. These differences influence the characteristics of required detection methods. Therefore, detection of these toxins in food samples, or detection of toxin production capacity in the bacterial isolate, remains one of the cornerstones of microbial food analysis and an essential tool in understanding the relevant properties of these toxins. Advanced research has led into new insights of the incidence of toxins, mechanisms of their production, their physicochemical properties, and their toxicological mode of action and dose‐response profile. This review focuses on biological, immunological, mass spectrometry, and molecular assays as the most commonly used detection and quantification methods for toxins of B. cereus, C. botulinum, C. perfringens, and S. aureus. Gathered and analyzed information provides a comprehensive blueprint of the existing knowledge on the principles of these assays, their application in food safety, limits of detection and quantification, matrices in which they are applicable, and type of information they provide to the user. 相似文献
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生物膜是细菌抵御不利环境维持群体稳定性的一种常见的群落形态。生物膜状态增强了食源性致病菌的抗逆性和持久存活力,促进了细菌间的信息传导和物质交换。特别是生物膜状态显著增强了菌株对抗生素的耐受能力,提升了可移动元件在细菌间的转移效率,并且生物膜状态下的细菌具备更强的入侵和感染能力,成为食品安全和人类健康的重要危害。基于此,本文将从生物膜的结构特征与异质性、生物膜对基因突变和基因水平转移的影响、以及群体感应调控等多个角度,简述生物膜状态影响食源性致病菌耐药和毒力的研究进展,以期为深入研究生物膜的生物功能与危害防控提供新的思路。 相似文献