Collapse analysis of tunnel floor in karst area based on Hoek-Brown rock media

Journal of Central South University - Collapse shape of tunnel floor in Hoek-Brown rock media is investigated with the functional catastrophe theory. The stability of rock system in tunnel floor,...     

基于分形理论的喀斯特流域枯水资源影响因素分析

通过对贵州省19个喀斯特流域为研究样区,以1991至1995年水文资料和遥感解译数据为基础,运用灰关联度和关联维分析方法,分析土地利用类型、岩石组成类型、植被类型对喀斯特枯水径流的影响识别。     

Seismic stability evaluation of embankment slope based on catastrophe theory

Railway Engineering Science - An evaluation method for the seismic stability of embankment slope was presented based on catastrophe theory. Seven control factors, including internal frictional...     

Minimum safe thickness of rock plug in karst tunnel according to upper bound theorem

High pressure and water-bearing caverns ahead of a karst tunnel face tend to cause geological disasters, such as water and mud bursts. So, the determination of safe thickness of the reserved rock plug is a key technical problem to be solved for karst tunnel construction. Based on the Hoek-Brown nonlinear failure criterion, the minimum safe thickness of rock plug was investigated in the light of the limit analysis theory. On the basis of the proposed failure mode, the expression of the minimum thickness for rock plug was obtained by means of upper bound theorem in combination with variational principle. The calculation results show the influence of each parameter on safe thickness and reveal the damage range of rock plug. The proposed method is verified by comparing the results with those of the drain cavern of Maluqing Tunnel. The research shows that with the increase of compressive strength and tensile strength as well as constant A of Hoek-Brown criterion, the safe thickness decreases, whereas with the increase of cavern pressure, tunnel diameter, and constant B from Hoek-Brown criterion, the safe thickness increases. Besides, the tensile strength, or constants A and B affect the shear failure angle of rock plug structure, but other parameters do not. In conclusion, the proposed method can predict the minimum safe thickness of rock plug, and is useful for water burst study and prevention measures of tunnels constructed in high-risk karst regions.     

Research on traffic flow forecasting model based on cusp catastrophe theory

This paper intends to describe the relationship between traffic parameters by using cusp catastrophe theory and to deduce highway capacity and corresponding speed forecasting value through suitable transformation of catastrophe model. The five properties of a catastrophe system are outlined briefly, and then the data collected on freeways of Zhujiang River Delta, Guangdong province, China are examined to ascertain whether they exhibit qualitative properties and attributes of the catastrophe model. The forecasting value of speed and capacity for freeway segments are given based on the catastrophe model. Furthermore, speed-flow curve on freeway is drawn by plotting out congested and uncongestcd traffic flow and the capacity value for the same freeway segment is also obtained from speed-flow curve to test the feasibility of the application of cusp catastrophe theory in traffic flow analysis, The calculating results of catastrophe model coincide with those of traditional traffic flow models regressed from field observed data, which indicates that the deficiency of traditional analysis of relationship between speed, flow and occupancy in two-dimension can be compensated by analysis of the relationship among speed, flow and occupancy based on catastrophe model in three-dimension, Finally, the prospects and problems of its application in traffic flow research in China are discussed.     

突变理论在火灾轰燃的应用分析

为了介绍突变理论在火灾轰燃领域的应用,论文以腔体为例,描述了热平衡方程建立、无量纲化、微分同胚转换、势函数确立、二维空间的突变分岔集及其分析等环节,并对尖点突变和燕尾突变模型的应用作了分析.燕尾突变模型中包含三个控制变量;u,v,w,比尖点突变模型多一个,模拟计算得出的轰燃热烟气层温度与实际情况更相符,能很好解释腔体火灾突变现象.     

基于漏磁原理的储油罐罐底探伤仪

叙述了漏磁探伤的基本原理,介绍了基于漏磁原理的储油罐罐底探伤仪的系统结构及各部分主要功能,该设备检测方便高效,结果准确直观．     

Stability analysis of subgrade cave roofs in karst region

According to the engineering features of subgrade cave roof in karst region, the clamped beam model of subgrade cave roof in karst region was set up. Based on the catastrophe theory, the cusp catastrophe model for bearing capacity of subgrade cave roof and safe thickness of subgrade cave roof in karst region was established. The necessary instability conditions of subgrade cave roof were deduced, and then the methods to determine safe thickness of cave roofs under piles and bearing capacity of subgrade cave roof were proposed. At the same time, a practical engineering project was applied to verifying this method, which has been proved successfu1ly. At last, the major factors that affect the stability on cave roof under pile in karst region were deeply discussed and some results in quality were acquired.     

深基坑工程安全评价的尖点突变模型

为评价深基坑工程失稳的突变特征,采用突变理论建立了深基坑工程尖点突变安全评价模型.根据工程安全监控理论,引入突变理论,以基坑水平变形为例,考虑深基坑土体的流变特性,建立了基于时效影响因子的深基坑工程尖点突变安全评价模型.实例分析表明,尖点突变安全评价模型克服了采用常规设置监控值评价时参数选择困难,并能反映基坑失稳突变性的特点,可以量化评价基坑安全程度,正确评价安全状态,具有适应性强、精度高的优点.     

基于突变理论的城市配水系统脆弱性评价模型

根据突发事件作用下城市配水系统供水功能的突变性特征,基于突变理论,提出一种新的配水系统脆弱性评价模型．以地震灾害为例,首先,根据地震作用下配水管网的破坏机理及历史震害资料,提出配水系统的脆弱性评价指标体系;然后,根据影响配水系统供水功能因素的主次关系,确定配水系统的状态函数及主次控制变量,建立配水系统功能转变的尖点突变模拟模型,并通过对该模型归一公式的导出及配水系统脆弱性分级标准、取值原则的确定,最终提出一种新的配水系统脆弱性评价数学模型．华北某区配水系统的实例应用表明,该模型具有理论与实际可行性,可为配水系统的安全设计提供决策依据．     

Application of cusp catastrophe theory to reliability analysis of slopes in open-pit mines

A method of slope reliability analysis was developed by imposing a state equation on the limit equilibrium theory, given the basis of a fixed safety factor technique. Among the many problems of reliability analysis, the most important problem is to find a performance function. We have created a new method of building a limit state equation for planar slip surfaces by applying the mathematical cusp catastrophe theory. This new technique overcomes the defects in the traditional rigid limit equilibrium theory and offers a new way for studying the reliability problem of planar slip surfaces. Consequently, we applied the technique to a case of an open-pit mine and compared our results with that of the traditional approach. From the results we conclude that both methods are essentially consistent, but the reliability index calculated by the traditional model is lower than that from the catastrophic model. The catastrophe model takes into consideration two possible situations of a slope being in the limit equilibrium condition, i.e., it may or may not slip. In the traditional method, however, a slope is definitely considered as slipping when it meets the condition of a limit equilibrium. We conclude that the catastrophe model has more actual and instructive importance compared to the traditional model.     

基于突变理论的有限元强度折减法边坡失稳判据探讨

采用有限元强度折减法进行边坡稳定分析,建立边坡内最大水平方向位移与折减系数尖点突变模型,并以此作为边坡是否失稳的判断标准.算例分析表明,采用该模型作为失稳判据能体现边坡失稳过程的突变性,物理意义明确;计算结果与传统极限平衡Spencer法计算结果相当接近.同时,将失稳判据量化到一个确定的值,通过比较该值与零的关系来判断边坡是否失稳,概念明确,界定清晰.     

基于两维图论聚类的农产品配送区域规划

利用两维图论聚类,划分农产品配送区域.选取划分指标,对农产品需求点进行聚类;依据农产品配送时间约束设定距离阈值;通过调整聚类结果得到农产品配送区域规划结果.     

岩溶隧道工程修建对地下水环境的影响

岩溶地区隧道施工期涌突水危害巨大,而大量输排地下水又会引发一系列的地质灾害。对中梁山隧道水文地质进行分析,采用遗传算法优化BP神经网络并对渗透参数进行反演,研究了隧道工程不同埋深、排水量对地下水环境的影响规律,并探究了隧道施工期和运行期地下水环境随时间的演变规律。结果表明：富水岩溶地区隧道具有从隔水层到含水层界面处涌突水风险最大的特点;开挖隧道时隧道高程越低、排水量越大,地下水环境变化越大;隧址区降落漏斗呈现出南侧小于北侧、东侧小于西侧的特征。现有施工期排水条件下施工地下水位下降很快且不能恢复到原水位,建议该地区在隧道施工期控制排水量,并在施工期及运营期采取保护地下水环境的措施。     

Elasto-plastic analysis of the surrounding rock mass in circular tunnel based on the generalized nonlinear unified strength theory

The present paper aims to establish a versatile strength theory suitable for elasto-plastic analysis of underground tunnel surrounding rock. In order to analyze the effects of intermediate principal stress and the rock properties on its deformation and failure of rock mass, the generalized nonlinear unified strength theory and elasto-plastic mechanics are used to deduce analytic solution of the radius and stress of tunnel plastic zone and the periphery displacement of tunnel under uniform ground stress field. The results show that: intermediate principal stress coefficient b has significant effect on the plastic range,the magnitude of stress and surrounding rock pressure. Then, the results are compared with the unified strength criterion solution and Mohr–Coulomb criterion solution, and concluded that the generalized nonlinear unified strength criterion is more applicable to elasto-plastic analysis of underground tunnel surrounding rock.     

基于模糊-证据理论的盾构隧道施工风险综合评价

为解决盾构隧道风险评价不确定性推理与风险决策的问题,提出了基于模糊-证据理论的盾构隧道施工风险综合评价方法.首先,通过风险识别构造盾构隧道施工风险评价指标体系;然后,基于模糊-证据理论建立盾构隧道施工风险综合评价模型,采用梯形模糊数确定指标权重,在考虑风险损失及风险概率基础上,将专家的指标评语转化为Mass函数,并逐步合成指标Mass函数;最后,提出了用区间数贴近度法进行风险决策.该方法成功运用于狮子洋盾构隧道的进出洞施工风险评价,验证了其有效性和实用性.     

Fluid-solid coupling analysis of rock pillar stability for concealed karst cave ahead of a roadway based on catastrophic theory

In order to study the mechanism of water inrush from a concealed, confined karst cave, we established a fluid–solid coupling model of water inrush from a concealed karst cave ahead of a roadway and a s...     

基于Fisher判别分析法的岩溶塌陷预测

为了更准确地预测岩溶塌陷,基于Fisher判别分析法,首先选择内聚力、内摩擦角、覆盖层厚度、覆盖层厚度减高水位埋深、覆盖层厚度减低水位埋深5个最主要的影响因素作为判别因子; 接着以桂林市20组岩溶塌陷案例为学习样本进行计算,建立相应的Fisher线性判别函数; 然后利用回代估计法对上述20组样本的预测结果进行逐一检验,其正确率为100%; 随后将上述预测结果与前人运用逐步判别、神经网络判别等方法得到的结果进行比较分析,认为Fisher判别分析法具有不需进行模型和参数的选择以及不受人为因素的影响等优点; 最后将建立的Fisher线性判别函数用于另外的10组实际案例进行预测分析,预测结果与实际情况完全吻合。结果表明:用Fisher判别分析法进行岩溶塌陷预测,简易方便,正确率高,实用性好; 该方法是岩溶塌陷预测的一种新方法。     

Influence of varying bedding thickness of underclay on floor stability

The variation in bedding thickness of the weak immediate floor has long been a challenge in the Illinois basin coal mines when it comes to floor stability. The vertical thickness of the immediate floor is not constant throughout the mines and can vary over short horizontal distances. The biggest misconception from a design standpoint is to use the maximum or average thickness found from core logs taken from various locations on the mine property. The result of this practice is oversized pillars in the areas where the weak immediate floor has thinned vertically. This over-design leaves coal in situ which could have otherwise been extracted. This paper presents a plane strain numerical model to illustrate the effect of a change in bedding thickness of a weak immediate floor across one or two coal pillars. The floor bearing capacity of the variable floor below each pillar where then compared to the consistent floor. The results show that the varying bedding thickness of weak underclay has an impact on the bearing capacity of the floor.Geometrically with the decrease in bedding thickness for constant pillar width, the B/H ratio increases exponentially. The influence of varying bedding thickness on the floor bearing capacity is apparent at higher B/H ratios. The floor bearing capacity under a single pillar is in variable floor model if the average thickness remains constant. For single pillar, the average of the bedding thickness can be considered and for pillars in a panel, and a safety factor has been proposed to take into account this change in bedding thickness.     

基于模糊层次分析法的隧道施工安全评价方法

利用模糊数学和层次分析法构建了公路隧道施工系统安全综合评价模型,该模型在评价过程中不仅使主观与客观相统一,而且能够模拟人对复杂决策问题的思维判断过程,并对一些难以避免的模糊概念用量化来表示,得到的评价结果比较直观.通过工程应用,验证了该评价方法切实可行.