基于DFIG风电机组的MPPT模糊控制器研究

通过研究双馈异步感应电机(DFIG)风力机系统中模糊控制器调节转子侧转换器,提出一种最大功率点跟踪方法,以此在不测风速的情况下捕捉最大风能。通过在MATLAB/SIMULINK平台对10kW的双馈异步风力发电机进行仿真,给出仿真结果,并验证所提出的控制策略。     

基于PID控制的变速恒频风力发电机组液压变桨距控制系统研究

文章分析了变桨距控制原理,对变速恒频风力发电机组各部分数学模型进行了分析与研究,在此基础上,建立了变速恒频风力发电机组PID液压变桨控制系统仿真模型,在matlab/simulink环境下对未加PID控制器与加PID控制器两种情况下的系统进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明,PID控制器能改善风力机桨距控制效果,更好地捕获风能,稳定风力机功率输出。     

风力发电机多域物理建模方法及独立变桨模糊控制器优化研究

针对独立变桨风力发电机,分析了风力发电机运行原理,基于以上原理在Matlab下分别建立了1.5MW独立变桨风力发电机的监测控制系统、独立变桨距控制系统、偏航控制系统、液压执行器系统和电网系统的物理模型,设计了独立变桨距控制模糊PI控制器,与传统PI控制器进行了仿真对比。仿真结果表明了该物理模型的正确性,对比结果表明,模糊PI控制器不仅能提高节距角跟踪精度而且能够稳定输出电压和输出功率,同时也减小了拍打震动和桨叶载荷。     

基于变桨距控制策略的异步风电机组暂态稳定性研究

为了提高和改善在电网故障下并网风电机组的暂态稳定性,该文以并网笼型异步风力发电机组为例,考虑风力机传动链柔性带给机组振荡的影响,在典型变桨控制策略的基础上提出了一种增加以风力机转速为控制量的分阶段控制策略.通过建立并网异步风力发电机组的电磁暂态模型,基于Matlab/Simulink仿真平台,应用改进的变桨距控制策略,对电网三相对称短路故障下并网异步风力发电机组的暂态运行特性进行了仿真,并将其结果和多种不同变桨控制策略以及无功补偿策略的结果进行了比较.仿真结果验证了该文提出的变桨距控制策略能有效改善风力发电机组的暂态稳定性.     

风力机异步变桨的初步研究

针对当前同步变桨距式风力机的变桨特点,总结同步变桨距式风力机缺点,提出要使叶片始终处于最佳升阻比状态必须实现风力机的异步变桨这一观点。通过对风力机组工作状态的理论分析,得出实现这一目标变桨系统所应达到的要求。     

双馈异步风电机组机侧转速控制器的设计与仿真研究

双馈异步风力发电机组(DFIG)机侧(即转子侧)变流器作为其电控系统的核心控制部件,主要负责双馈感应电机的转速控制和发电机无功调节任务,但由于其具有非线性、强耦合等复杂特性,导致变流器的控制器设计十分困难。针对上述情况,提供一种DFIG转子侧变流器控制策略设计方法和控制参数优化方法,可通过调节转子侧电流大小实现双馈感应电机转速、无功的无静差调节;并以1.5 MW DFIG实际参数为模型,利用Simulink仿真软件对该控制策略进行仿真验证。研究结果表明：利用PI控制器可实现DFIG转速-转矩控制,发电机转子侧电流理论上可实现无静差跟踪。     

漂浮式海上风力发电机组独立变桨距控制技术研究

主要研究了漂浮式海上风力发电机组的独立变桨距控制技术。首先概述了当前海上风电的发展情况,重点介绍漂浮式海上风力发电机组,分析了漂浮式平台的流体动力学和运动学特征,建立了平台的模型方程。借鉴陆上风力发电机组独立变桨距控制器的控制策略,将平台的纵摇、艏摇和发电机的输出功率作为变桨距控制器的控制目标,针对风力发电机的非线性设计了专家PID控制器,利用d-q坐标变换技术将控制量分配到3个桨叶。为了验证控制器的可行性,在国外成熟的风力发电机非线性模型FAST上进行仿真试验,将结果与不对平台运动进行控制时和采用统一变桨距控制器时的结果进行对比,对比结果表明独立变桨距技术能有效减小平台的纵摇运动,并且对输出功率的影响较小。     

基于RBF神经网络整定PID的 风力发电变桨距控制

为了改善变速恒频风力发电系统在恒功率输出运行区域内的动态性能,在分析系统变桨距控制研究现状的基础上,基于RBF神经网络（RBFNN）整定PID控制理论设计风力发电系统变桨距控制器,建立了风力机及变桨距机构模型,以发电机转速测量值与额定转速相比后误差为输入设计控制器。在随机风作用下对设计的RBFNN整定PID控制器进行仿真,结果表明基于RBFNN整定PID控制理论的变桨距控制器具有良好的动态性能及对风速扰动的鲁捧性,能够有效改善风力发电系统变桨距控制效果。     

风力和柴油联合独立发电系统仿真研究

为优化风,柴系统设计和改善控制系统,建立了风力和柴油联合独立发电系统的数学仿真模型,系统由风力机、柴油机、发电机、控制器、负载等组成.通过变桨距控制实现对风能的最大捕获,同时由负载频率控制实现对输出频率及电压的平稳控制.在风力充足时,由风力机独立发电对负载供电;在风力机捕获能量不能满足负载要求时,柴油机启动补充供电.仿真结果表明,该系统能较好地跟踪风速,且输出平稳,具有较好的稳定性和适应性,可以为独立电网供电.     

变速风力机变桨距系统建模与仿真

变速风力发电机组一般采用变桨距控制来稳定输出功率,但是桨距角的改变会引起攻角的改变,从而引起叶片气动性能的改变,所以在变桨距控制过程中,必须保证合适的攻角,以确保风力机具有良好的气动性能。采用统一变桨距控制方法,在matlab/simulink环境下,通过预测攻角仿真研究了变速风力发电机组的变桨距控制过程,结果表明,该控制模型能正确模拟各种风速下风力发电机组变桨距的动态过程,为进一步研究变速风力发电机的功率控制奠定了基础。     

风电机组可靠性建模和动态过程分析

在重点分析双馈感应发电机工作特性的基础上,建立了风电机组可靠性模型,同时对风电机组整个动态过程进行了分析.仿真结果表明风电机组获得最优能量的同时在低风速、额定风速、高风速都具有很好的工作性能.     

考虑磁路饱和及集肤效应的异步风力发电机组暂态性能分析

为准确分析异步发电机不同详细模型对大型风电机组暂态性能的影响,该文结合2个质量块的风力机传动链等效模型,分别建立了笼型异步发电机考虑主磁路、定转子漏磁路饱和以及集肤效应影响的风电机组数学模型。针对大型风电机组在机械大扰动和电网电压骤降情况下,利用Matlab/Simulink平台对机组在不同数学模型描述时的暂态过程进行了仿真比较。结果表明,尤其在电网电压骤降时,电机磁路饱和对机组暂态运行性能的影响较为显著。     

A novel method for reliability and risk evaluation of wind energy conversion systems considering wind speed correlation

This paper investigates an analytical approach for the reliability modeling of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines. At present, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, wind speed and wind turbine generator outage have not been addressed simultaneously. In this paper, a novel methodology based on the Weibull- Markov method is proposed for evaluating the probabilistic reliability of the bulk electric power systems, including DFIG wind turbines, considering wind speed and wind turbine generator outage. The proposed model is presented in terms of appropriate wind speed modeling as well as capacity outage probability table (COPT), considering component failures of the wind turbine generators. Based on the proposed method, the COPT of the wind farm has been developed and utilized on the IEEE RBTS to estimate the well-known reliability and sensitive indices. The simulation results reveal the importance of inclusion of wind turbine generator outage as well as wind speed in the reliability assessment of the wind farms. Moreover, the proposed method reduces the complexity of using analytical methods and provides an accurate reliability model for the wind turbines. Furthermore, several case studies are considered to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in practical applications.     

Control of wind generator associated to a flywheel energy storage system

In this paper, a doubly fed variable speed wind induction generator connected to the grid associated to a flywheel energy storage system (FESS) is investigated. The dynamic behaviour of a wind generator, including the models of the wind turbine (aerodynamic), the doubly fed induction generator (DFIG), a ac/ac direct converter, the converter control (algorithm of VENTURINI) and the power control of this system, is studied. Also investigated is a control method of the FESS system, which consists of the classical squirrel-cage induction machine supplied off the variable speed wind generator (VSWG) through a rectifier–inverter cascade arrangement. Simulation results obtained on the basis of the dynamic models of the wind generator are presented, for different operating points, to demonstrate the performance of the proposed system.     

风力发电实验用模拟风力机

在风力发电机控制、风力机最大功率点追踪控制(MPPT，Maximum Power Point Tracking)等相关的研究中，风力机是必备的实验设备，但是，在没有风的情况下，或在实验室，就无法进行这些实验和研究。作者开发了一种模拟风力机，有了它，就可以在实验室随心所欲地进行风力发电的初期实验研究工作，从而缩短研发的周期和减小实验研究的费用。首先用6次多项式来拟合风力机的转矩特性曲线。然后根据当前的风速和风力机转速来计算风力机的转矩，将此转矩作为转矩指令控制感应电机来模拟风力机，感应电机通过控制逆变器来驱动。最后，给出了用此模拟风力机所做的MPPT实验研究结果，验证了该模拟风力机的良好特性。     

Flicker study on variable speed wind turbines with doubly fed induction generators

Grid connected wind turbines may produce flicker during continuous operation. This paper presents a simulation model of a MW-level variable speed wind turbine with a doubly fed induction generator developed in the simulation tool of PSCAD/EMTDC. Flicker emission of variable speed wind turbines with doubly fed induction generators is investigated during continuous operation, and the dependence of flicker emission on mean wind speed, wind turbulence intensity, short circuit capacity of grid and grid impedance angle are analyzed. A comparison is done with the fixed speed wind turbine, which leads to a conclusion that the factors mentioned above have different influences on flicker emission compared with that in the case of the fixed speed wind turbine. Flicker mitigation is realized by output reactive power control of the variable speed wind turbine with doubly fed induction generator. Simulation results show the wind turbine output reactive power control provides an effective means for flicker mitigation regardless of mean wind speed, turbulence intensity and short circuit capacity ratio.     

Reduced models of doubly fed induction generator system for wind turbine simulations

This article compares three reduced models with a detailed model of a doubly fed induction generator system for wind turbine applications. The comparisons are based on simulations only. The main idea is to provide reduced generator models which are appropriate to simulate normal wind turbine operation in aeroelastic wind turbine models, e.g. for control system design or structural design of the wind turbine. The electrical behaviour such as grid influence will therefore not be considered. The work presented in this article shows that with an ideal, undisturbed grid the dynamics of the doubly fed induction generator system is very well represented by the dynamics due to the generator inertia and the generator control system, whereas the electromagnetic characteristics of the generator can be represented by the steady state relations. The parameters for the proposed models are derived from parameters typically available from the generator data sheet and from the controller settings. Thus the models are simple to apply in any case where the generator data sheet is available. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Dynamic contribution of variable-speed wind energy conversion system in system frequency regulation

Frequency regulation in a generation mix having large wind power penetration is a critical issue, as wind units isolate from the grid during disturbances with advanced power electronics controllers and reduce equivalent system inertia. Thus, it is important that wind turbines also contribute to system frequency control. This paper examines the dynamic contribution of doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based wind turbine in system frequency regulation. The modified inertial support scheme is proposed which helps the DFIG to provide the short term transient active power support to the grid during transients and arrests the fall in frequency. The frequency deviation is considered by the controller to provide the inertial control. An additional reference power output is used which helps the DFIG to release kinetic energy stored in rotating masses of the turbine. The optimal speed control parameters have been used for the DFIG to increases its participation in frequency control. The simulations carried out in a two-area interconnected power system demonstrate the contribution of the DFIG in load frequency control.