SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究现状

SiC颗粒增强含Si铝基复合材料在制备过程中由于Si颗粒的析出,使其成为SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料。SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料具有比强度和比刚度高、耐磨性和耐疲劳性好、尺寸稳定性强、轻质等性能,广泛应用于航空、航天、电子电器等工业领域。主要介绍了SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究现状及几种制备工艺,分析了其显微组织中存在的缺陷及复合材料性能的影响因素;展望了SiC和Si混合颗粒增强铝基复合材料的应用前景。     

涂覆颗粒增强耐热铝基复合材料的力学及摩擦磨损性能

研究了经真空热压、热挤压工艺制备的涂覆颗粒(化学涂层工艺)增强Al-Fe-V-Si耐热铝合金基复合材料在不同温度下的力学性能与摩擦磨损性能.实验结果表明:涤覆后的SiC_p与基体结合更加牢固,涂覆层(Ni)的加入降低了材料内部颗粒(SiC_p)与基体(Al-Fe-V-Si)之间的孔隙,10％SiC(Ni)/Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料在室温的断裂强度分别比基体和10％SiC_p/Al-Fe-V-Si(0812)复合材料增加了62.15％和2.82％,在400℃时分别增加了55.3％和28.6％.复合材料耐磨性能比增强体未涂覆复合材料大大提高,在载荷50N,转速0.63 m/s的工况下,经增强体涂覆的铝基复合材料在300℃时为以磨粒磨损为主的磨损机制;高于350℃时,为以粘着磨损为主的磨损机制.     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的磨损特性

铝基复合材料质轻,性能优异,已成为金属基复合材料中最有代表性的品种。铝基颗粒复合材料作为复合材料的一个分支正在快速发展,目前采用的制备方法有粉末冶金和铸造等。制得的颗粒增强铝基复合材料不仅重量轻、强度高,而且耐磨性能好,特别适于作为抗磨材料制造活塞、轴瓦等零件。本文研究了 SiC 颗粒增强铝基(ZL102)复合材料的真空热压工艺和磨损性能,结果表明,用真空热压     

低热膨胀铝基复合材料的研究进展

综述了低热膨胀铝基复合材料的研究现状, 对高体积分数SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料、锂霞石颗粒增强铝基复合材料、钨酸锆颗粒增强铝基复合材料和准晶颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究状况进行了详细的阐述.并对低热膨胀铝基复合材料的发展和应用进行了展望.     

纳米SiC颗粒增强2024铝基复合材料的力学性能研究

采用粉末冶金法制备了1%(体积分数)纳米SiC颗粒增强2024铝基复合材料,并研究了其力学性能。实验结果表明,1%纳米SiC颗粒增强2024铝基复合材料具有优良的室温力学性能,并且在200℃时表现了较好的高温性能,在315℃时强度下降。研究表明,纳米SiC可以增加增强粒子的表面积,减小增强粒子的颗粒间距,使大量弥散分布的纳米SiC颗粒起到钉扎位错的作用,而且可以细化2024铝基体的晶粒,因而表现了良好的力学性能。     

SiC颗粒增强Al-Si基复合材料的国内研究进展

综述了SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的发展历史和制备方法,重点阐述了SiC颗粒增强Al-Si基复合材料的国内研究现状,说明了SiC颗粒增强Al-Si基复合材料的优点及存在的主要问题,展望了其发展前景。     

双尺度SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料制备工艺研究

通过粉末冶金真空热压烧结法制备双尺度(纳米、微米)混杂SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料,研究不同烧结温度和压力对复合材料的组织、密度、硬度及耐磨性的影响。试验结果表明:SiC颗粒在复合材料基体中分布均匀,基体与增强体界面结合较好。随着烧结温度和压力的增高,复合材料的致密度、硬度、耐磨性均先增大后减小,最佳烧结温度和压力分别为460℃和30 MPa,微纳米混杂颗粒增强、单一微米颗粒增强、单一纳米颗粒增强复合材料的硬度分别是76.6 HV、70.7 HV、62.75 HV,比基体分别提高52.4%、40.6%、24.8%,耐磨性分别是基体的2.22倍、1.71倍、1.42倍。     

双尺度SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的研究

采用粉末冶金真空热压烧结法制备了双尺度(纳米、微米)混杂SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料,并研究其微观组织、密度、硬度及耐磨性。结果表明,微米SiC与基体界面结合较好,分布均匀,没有明显的团聚现象;当纳米SiC质量分数为3%,微米SiC质量分数在0~20%之间时,复合材料的相对密度、硬度、耐磨性均先提高后降低;当微米SiC含量为15%,纳米SiC含量在0~4%之间变化时,复合材料的性能不断提高;微米纳米混杂颗粒增强、单一微米颗粒增强、单一纳米颗粒增强复合材料的最大硬度分别是78.9 HV、70.7 HV、65.8 HV,比基体分别提高56.86%、40.56%、30.81%,耐磨性分别是基体的2.29倍、1.39倍、1.23倍。     

微波烧结原位合成(Ti_5Si_3+TiC)/TC4复合材料组织性能研究

通过Ti-SiC反应体系,选择粒径为45μm的基体TC4,5μm的增强相SiC(质量分数为5%和10%),经过低能球磨混粉后,微波烧结原位合成颗粒增强钛基复合材料。采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和能谱仪(EDS)对制备的钛基复合材料进行组织结构分析,并对钛基复合材料的致密度、显微硬度、压缩强度、抗拉强度、耐磨性和抗氧化性进行测试研究。结果表明,钛基复合材料主要由增强相TiC,Ti_5Si_3及基体Ti_3种物相组成。TiC呈颗粒状,有明显的棱角,而Ti_5Si_3呈熔融状颗粒,但是颗粒没有明显的棱角,增强相呈准连续网状分布,随着SiC含量的增加,网状结构不清晰,部分增强相团聚在一起。复合材料的相对密度、显微硬度和压缩强度随SiC含量的增加而增加,分别达到98.76%,HV729和2058MPa,但是复合材料的室温拉伸强度随SiC含量增加而降低。引入增强相后,复合材料的抗氧化性和耐磨性均高于基体,且耐磨性和抗氧化性随SiC含量增加而增加,其室温磨损机制主要为粘着磨损。     

粉末热挤压SiC_p/2024铝基复合材料的显微组织和力学性能

利用粉末热挤压工艺制备SiCp/2024铝基复合材料,研究所制备复合材料的挤压态和热处理态的显微组织及力学性能,分析复合材料的断口形貌和断裂类型。结果表明:大部分SiC颗粒和析出的大量细小第二相粒子均匀地分布在基体合金中,部分区域的SiC颗粒存在轻微团聚现象,晶粒沿挤压方向被显著拉长,刚性的SiC颗粒长轴平行于挤压方向分布,形成热加工纤维组织。对复合材料进行T6(490℃固溶75 min+170℃时效8 h)热处理后,复合材料的晶粒比较细小,抗拉强度达470 MPa,主要的析出强化相为S′(Al2CuMg)。挤压比的提高有利于提高SiC颗粒和基体合金的界面结合强度。粉末热挤压法制备的SiCp/2024铝基复合材料热处理后的断裂方式主要有3种:SiC颗粒断裂、SiC颗粒与基体合金的剥离和基体合金的韧性断裂,该复合材料的断裂机制为韧性断裂和脆性断裂共存的混合断裂。     

电弧喷涂含陶瓷颗粒铝基复合涂层的微结构和性能

采用5052半硬铝带分别包覆Al_2O_3、SiC、B_4C、TiC陶瓷颗粒制备的粉芯丝材进行电弧喷涂试验,制备了含陶瓷颗粒的铝基复合涂层。利用光学显微镜、XRD分析了涂层的微观组织和相结构,测试了复合涂层的显微硬度、耐磨性及耐腐蚀性。研究结果表明,制备的铝基复合涂层中含有一定数量的未熔陶瓷颗粒,涂层较为致密,无明显缺陷。含陶瓷铝基涂层的物相主要由Al和所添加的陶瓷相构成,其中在含B_4C陶瓷涂层中还存在Al_3BC、Al_4C_3和AlB_2等新相。陶瓷颗粒的加入有利于提高铝基复合涂层的显微硬度,其中B_4C的加入使涂层中基体相显微硬度提高了1.5倍,这是由于B_4C陶瓷和Al反应生成Al_3BC、Al_4C_3和AlB_2硬质相。复合涂层的耐磨性均优于纯铝涂层,摩擦磨损的形式主要为粘着磨损。动电位极化腐蚀试验表明,含SiC和TiC陶瓷涂层具有较低的腐蚀电流,耐蚀性较好,含SiC陶瓷的复合涂层出现了明显的钝化现象。     

Simultaneous co-deposition of SiC and CNT into the Ni coating

Various researches are carried out to investigate the properties of Ni-SiC and Ni-CNT composite coatings. The simultaneous effect of carbon nanotube (CNT) and silicon carbide (SiC) is not addressed in the literature. Hence, Ni-SiC and Ni-SiC-CNT nanocomposite coatings were electrodeposited on aluminium substrate in this paper. Surface hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were measured by atomic force microscope, and X-ray diffraction technique was used to evaluate the grain size of the coatings. Pin-on-disk wear test was carried out and the frictional surfaces along with the morphology of the coatings were investigated using scanning electron microscope. Both hardness and elastic modulus of the coating increased after CNT was introduced. The results indicate that CNT improved the wear behaviour of the coating by preventing the detachment of strengthening particles from the coating and consequently decreasing its abrasive wear.     

颗粒尺寸对真空浸渗SiC/Al复合材料性能的影响

采用无压浸渗法制备了SiC/Al复合材料,考察了复合材料中SiC颗粒尺寸对复合材料的组织结构、抗弯强度、摩擦磨损性能的影响.结果表明:随着SiC颗粒尺寸的减小,SiC/Al复合材料的残余气孔率逐渐减小,密度和抗弯强度逐渐增加;粒度配比有利于提高复合材料的抗弯强度.与灰铸铁配副时,材料的摩擦系数与磨损率明显依赖于碳化硅颗粒尺寸,二者均随颗粒尺寸的增大而先降低后增大.粒度配比能明显改善复合材料的干摩擦磨损性能.粗细颗粒的粒度配比具有相互强化的作用,有利于降低摩擦系数和磨损率,并使其趋于稳定.     

SiC晶须含量对镁基复合材料性能影响的研究

采用加压烧结法制备镁基复合材料,研究不同含量的SiC晶须对镁基复合材料密度、硬度、抗拉强度、抗压强度、摩擦磨损等性能的影响。结果表明:镁基复合材料的致密度并不随SiC晶须质量分数的改变而发生规律性变化;材料的硬度随着晶须质量分数的增加而增大;与基体材料ZK60相比,添加SiC晶须的镁基复合材料的抗拉强度、抗压强度、弹性模量、压缩模量和伸长率都有一定提高,当SiC晶须的质量分数为20.0%时,复合材料烧结体的常温力学性能最好;通过对烧结材料磨损量变化的分析,发现当SiC晶须质量分数为10.0%时,摩擦磨损性能最好。综合比较分析,SiC晶须的质量分数为15.0%时,增韧增强效果最佳。     

Abrasive wear behavior of MoSi2SiC and MoSi2ZrO2 composites

The volume wear behavior of MoSi₂/SiC and MoSi₂/ZrO₂ composites was evaluated using 150 grit SiC particles in a pin-on-drum abrasion test. The addition of SiC whiskers or particles reduced the volume wear of the composite relative to monolithic MoSi₂ by about a factor of two, with the SiC whisker containing composite having a slightly lower volume wear rate than the SiC particulate reinforced composite. The addition of partially-stabilized (PS)-ZrO₂ particles lowered the volume wear of the composite relative to MoSi₂. The addition of unstabilized (US)-ZrO₂ or fully-stabilized (FS)-ZrO₂ particles to the MoSi₂ matrix had little effect of the volume wear relative to the unreinforced matrix. The difference in wear behavior of the ZrO₂ reinforced composites may be associated with the ability of the PS-ZrO₂ particles to transform reducing the fragmentation process during abrasion.     

Structure–Property Correlation of Al–SiC–Al<Subscript>2</Subscript>O<Subscript>3</Subscript> Composites: Influence of Processing Temperatures

This paper deals with the change in the mechanical behaviour of aluminium alloy 6061 with different weight percentage of Silicon Carbide (SiC) and Alumina (Al₂O₃) ceramic powders and change in processing temperature. The crucial properties of this aluminium alloy are relatively light in weight, better corrosion resistance, wear resistance and have low production cost. These properties make them pleasant for different applications such as aerospace, defense, automotive sectors. The purpose of designing Metal Matrix Composite is to figure the desired qualities of metals and ceramics. The fabrication of the MMC was done by stir casting process. The tensile test, hardness test and impact test were performed on these composite samples to study the mechanical behaviour. The result shows that there is a significant increase in tensile strength for the samples that are processed at the temperature of 750 °C with a higher weight fraction of SiC. Also, the samples made at 850 °C exhibit better hardness and impact strength with increased content of alumina. The internal microstructure of the composites was analyzed by scanning electron microscope.     

镍磷合金碳化硅复合镀层的制备与磨损性能研究

采取化学沉积方法，获得镍磷合金碳化硅复合材料镀层，研究了复合镀层的构成与磨损性能。研究结果表明，镍磷合金中加入碳化硅，不会影响其组织结构，但会显著地提高硬度和耐磨性；复合镀层经过热处理，组织结构发生变化；６７３Ｋ／１ｈ处理后，硬度与耐磨性最高，较镍磷合金镀层具有更高的硬化性能。     

Correlation of microstructure and abrasive and sliding wear resistance of (TiC,SiC)/Ti-6Al-4V surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation

This study is concerned with the correlation of microstructure and abrasive and sliding wear resistance of (TiC,SiC)/Ti-6Al-4V surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation. The mixtures of TiC, SiC, Ti + SiC, or TiC+SiC powders and CaF₂ flux were deposited on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate, and then an electron beam was irradiated on these mixtures. The surface composite layers of 1.2 to 2.1 mm in thickness were homogeneously formed without defects and contained a large amount (30 to 66 vol pct) of hard precipitates such as TiC and Ti₅Si₃ in the martensitic matrix. This microstructural modification, including the formation of hard precipitates in the surface composite layer, improved the hardness and abrasive wear resistance. Particularly in the surface composite fabricated with TiC + SiC powders, the abrasive wear resistance was greatly enhanced to a level 25 times higher than that of the Ti alloy substrate because of the precipitation of 66 vol pct of TiC and Ti₅Si₃ in the hardened martensitic matrix. During the sliding wear process, hard and coarse TiC and Ti₅Si₃ precipitates fell off from the matrix, and their wear debris worked as abrasive particles, thereby reducing the sliding wear resistance. On the other hand, needle-shaped Ti₅Si₃ particles, which did not play a significant role in enhancing abrasive wear resistance, lowered the friction coefficient and, accordingly, decelerated the sliding wear, because they played more of the role of solid lubricants than as abrasive particles after they fell off from the matrix. These findings indicated that high-energy electron-beam irradiation was useful for the development of Ti-based surface composites with improved abrasive and sliding wear resistance, although the abrasive and sliding-wear data should be interpreted by different wear mechanisms.     

Correlation of microstructure with the hardness and wear resistance of (TiC,SiC)/Ti-6Al-4V surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation

The correlation of microstructure with the hardness and wear resistance of (TiC,SiC)/Ti-6Al-4V surface composites fabricated by high-energy electron-beam irradiation was investigated in this study. The mixtures of TiC, SiC, or TiC + SiC powders and CaF₂ flux were placed on a Ti-6Al-4V substrate, and then an electron beam was irradiated on these mixtures using an electron-beam accelerator. The surface composite layers of 1.2 to 2.1 mm in thickness were formed without defects and contained a large amount (up to 66 vol pct) of precipitates such as TiC and Ti₅Si₃ in the martensitic matrix. This microstructural modification, including the formation of hard precipitates and a hardened matrix in the surface composite layer, improved the hardness and wear resistance. Particularly in the surface composite fabricated with TiC + SiC powders, the wear resistance was greatly enhanced to a level 25 times higher than that of the Ti alloy substrate, because 66 vol pct of TiC and Ti₅Si₃ was precipitated homogeneously in the hardened martensitic matrix. These findings suggested that high-energy electron-beam irradiation was useful for the development of Ti-based surface composites with improved hardness and wear properties.     

Experimental Investigation on Adhesive Wear Behavior of Al–Si6Cu/Ni Coated SiC Composite Under Unlubricated Condition

This paper studies the dry sliding wear behavior of Al–Si6Cu/Ni coated SiC metal matrix composite fabricated using stir casting technique. The SiC reinforcement particles coated with Ni by electroless coating were incorporated at 10-wt% into the metal matrix. The wear behavior was studied on unlubricated pin-on-disc tribometer based on design of experiments modelled using Response Surface Methodology for various sliding parameters such as applied load, sliding velocity and sliding distance. The minimum wear rate condition and optimum condition of the parameters were detected from the developed model. The analysis of variance showed the influence of each parameter on wear rate. The confirmation experiments were done to ensure the validity of the developed regression model. The worn-out surface morphologies of the metal composite were studied using scanning electron microscope analysis. From the experimental results it was found that the parameter which influenced the wear behavior was applied load followed by sliding velocity and distance. The confirmatory experiments confirmed the RSM’s design as precise statistical model in developing regression results with less error. The surface plot of wear characteristics showed that irrespective of the conditions of sliding velocity and distance the wear rate increased on increasing the load. The wear rate exhibited a non linear relationship with sliding velocity and distance. The scanning electron microscopy revealed that higher material deformation was observed at higher load resulting in severe wear of the composite material.