建筑工程施工安全的管理研究

对建筑工程的施工安全管理进行了探讨,阐述了建筑施工的安全管理途径及施工企业项目经理的安全管理责任,并指出建筑工程安全管理中应注意事项,为今后安全施工提供了参考。     

Developing a model to measure the effectiveness of safety management systems of construction sites

In Singapore, the construction industry had implemented safety management system (SMS) and SMS auditing for about 10 years now, but the improvement in safety standard is not significant. In response to the need to improve the effectiveness of SMS and SMS audit, the aim of the paper is to propose a method to develop and test the tools that auditors may use to assess the effectiveness of a construction firm's SMS. The research methodology adopted in this study consists of 15 steps. Surveys were conducted; safety experts were consulted and invited to express their views, either through interviews or workshops. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Factor Analysis were used to assist in identifying the most crucial factors and attributes affecting safety. The model was developed by means of the multi-attribute value model (MAVT) approach. It was also subject to validation via site audits. Using the model, a Construction Safety Index (CSI) can be calculated. It is concluded that the CSI can act as an objective measure of different sites for management and appraisal purposes.     

浅谈如何加强建筑起重机械的安全管理

本文分析当前建筑起重机械安全管理存在的主要问题,并提出相应加强管理的对策。     

A proactive system for real-time safety management in construction sites

Construction sites still present high accident rates. The advent of advanced sensing technologies has motivated the development of unprecedented automated systems, capable of supporting health and safety control. Their application is particularly critical in those cases where regular safety inspections may prove to be inadequate in terms of preventing risks which, because of their specific nature, are unpredictable.This paper reports the development of a first prototype for the proactive safety management and real-time signaling of potential overhead hazards. It is expected to enhance standard safety policies and assist inspectors and coordinators in executing their tasks. The system performs real-time tracking using ultra wide band technology and implements proactive virtual fencing logics. The development of the system, its laboratory test results, the algorithm optimization, and the final field test results are reported herein. The results achieved demonstrate the capability of proactive logics to reinforce safety management policies and assist personnel in coping with unpredictable hazardous events.     

Addressing construction worker safety in the design phase: Designing for construction worker safety

Facility designers can positively influence construction site safety by integrating safety considerations into the design process. Although their potential influence on safety has been documented, designers typically lack knowledge of and limit their involvement in construction worker safety. This research effort involved the accumulation of suggestions for improving construction worker safety while in the design phase. Using these design suggestions, a design tool has been developed to assist designers in identifying project-specific safety hazards and to provide best practices to eliminate the hazards. Although use of the design tool is voluntary in the United States, it is one resource which can be used by designers to fulfill their obligations required by the Construction (Design and Management) Regulations in UK.     

浅谈建筑施工企业安全管理与安全评价

针对建筑施工企业生产特点,简单介绍了安全生产和安全生产管理及安全评价的定义,具体阐述了安全评价工作的积极作用和重要意义,以期促进我国安全生产、推广安全评价的应用。     

Neural network analysis of construction safety management systems: a case study in Singapore

A neural network analysis was conducted on a quantitative occupational safety and health management system (OSHMS) audit with accident data obtained from the Singapore construction industry. The analysis is meant to investigate, through a case study, how neural network methodology can be used to understand the relationship between OSHMS elements and safety performance, and identify the critical OSHMS elements that have significant influence on the occurrence and severity of accidents in Singapore. Based on the analysis, the model may be used to predict the severity of accidents with adequate accuracy. More importantly, it was identified that the three most significant OSHMS elements in the case study are: incident investigation and analysis, emergency preparedness, and group meetings. The findings imply that learning from incidents, having well-prepared consequence mitigation strategies and open communication can reduce the severity and likelihood of accidents on construction worksites in Singapore. It was also demonstrated that a neural network approach is feasible for analysing empirical OSHMS data to derive meaningful insights on how to improve safety performance.     

Exploring the interactive effects of safety investments,safety culture and project hazard on safety performance: An empirical analysis

This study aims to explore the interactive effects of safety investments, safety culture and project hazard on construction safety performance. Data were collected using multiple techniques from 47 completed building projects in Singapore. Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, regression analysis, moderation analysis and mediation analysis. The results show that: (1) safety performance improves when there is a higher level of safety investments, a higher level of safety culture or a lower level of project hazard; (2) the effect of any individual factor on safety performance varies with the changes in other factors; (3) the effect of voluntary safety investments on safety performance is mediated by safety culture; and (4) the relationship between accident frequency rate and accident severity rate is moderated by project hazard level. The study suggests that safety performance of building projects is determined by the synergy effect of safety investments, safety culture and project hazard.     

Construction management process reengineering: Organizational human resource planning for multiple projects

Applying the business process reengineering and organization planning philosophy, this study focuses on human resource planning in construction management process reengineering (CMPR) to develop a team-based human resource planning (THRP) method for deploying laborpower. The THRP method has two purposes; the first is to determine the maximum loading of projects the original laborpower can carry, and the second is to identify the range of laborpower required for expected project loadings in the future. The THRP method includes four phases, namely, process reengineering, data preparing, human resource allocation, and simulation. Using the THRP method, a construction company cannot only design a team-based organizational structure, but also allocate human resources based on cross-functional processes. Moreover, human resource utilizations before and after CMPR can be compared to evaluate savings attributable to the CMPR. As a consequence, optimum laborpower can be assessed, and human resources allocated to fit the changing processes and circumstances of a construction company's growing business.     

The relationship between integrated design and construction and safety on construction projects

The occurrence of accidents and injuries continues to be a major problem in construction worldwide. Even though accident statistics have been improving in most markets there are significant areas requiring further attention. The extent of integrated working between designers and constructors may be an instrumental factor. A comparison is undertaken of the accident performance of 55 large construction projects in the UK, with varying levels of design/construction integration as represented by procurement path. Although a statistical relationship between high levels of integration and low levels of accidents was weak, a follow‐up interview study provided strong support, suggesting that a lack of significance was related to the unreliability of the statistics available. The interview study also indicated reasons for this link. A key element in improved safety was seen to be better communications and a more positive relationship between designers and constructors. Further research into designing for safety for all procurement paths is recommended.     

建筑安全管理方法初探

通过对建筑企业安全事故影响因素的分析,阐述了建筑企业将安全生产放在重要的位置上,提出了遇到安全事故的对策和建议,并对未来建筑安全管理方法进行了展望。     

工程项目管理与工程监理的比较分析

从概念、工作方式及责任、工作性质及作用、工作范围、社会需求及从业要求几方面对工程项目管理和工程监理进行了比较分析,有助于深入理解和明晰二者的内涵,从而恰当承担应有的责任。最后指出工程监理向工程项目管理发展的趋势及注意事项。     

谈工民建施项目安全管理存在的问题及对策

依据实际情况,以工民建建筑施工项目为研究对象,从现阶段工民建施项目安全管理存在的问题以及工民建施项目安全管理对策这两个方面入手,围绕工民建施项目安全管理这一中心问题展开了较为详细的分析与阐述,并据此论证了安全管理工作在进一步提高工民建施项目工作质量与工作效率的过程中所起到的至关重要的作用与意义。     

关于高速公路建设安全管理经验的探讨

安全生产管理目标是高速公路建设管理目标的首要目标同时是核心目标。只有确保项目未发生安全生产事故,项目建设参建各方有可能取得预期的经济效益和社会效益。本文对漳州招银疏港高速公路工程建设过程安全生产管理工作进行总结阐述,与同行共同分享。     

浅谈企业安全生产标准化建设工作

安全生产标准化建设工作现作为企业安全生产管理的重要体系之一,在管控安全生产经营各环节的安全生产工作,保持并提升企业安全生产管理水平发挥了显著作用,本文主要介绍了安全生产标准化的主要特点、几点建议及存在的普遍问题,仅供参考。     

谈建筑工程项目的安全监理问题与对策

应用事故因果论对安全监理进行了剖析,结合人的不安全行为、物的不安全状态、管理三个方面的实际案例,对安全监理的具体实施提出了对应的方法和要求,以发现并解决建筑工程项目安全监理中存在的问题,提高安全监理的实际可操作性,降低建筑施工的事故发生率。     

援外土建项目钢管脚手架施工技术与安全管理

通过工程实例,结合现场实际情况和实践经验,介绍了扣件式钢管满堂脚手架在援外土建项目模板支撑中的应用,着重阐述了材料,相关设计计算,搭设及拆除工艺,并提出了安全管理措施,为同类工程的施工提供了指导。     

浅谈安全管理在施工中的重要性

指出安全是质量、进度的前提和有力保障,在借鉴国外优秀的管理经验的基础上,分析了我国应如何不断地完善施工安全管理措施,建立全新的管理体系和模式,从而推动我国建筑业在安全管理的基础上稳步发展。     

浅谈建筑工程安全管理与控制

首先分析了安全管理对施工质量控制的重要意义,而后阐述了建筑施工安全管理措施,最后给出了建筑施工安全控制的技术手段,以期在确保施工安全的前提下实现工程质量最优。     

Organizational behaviour and safety management in the construction industry

This research paper examines the relationship between organizational theory and accident causation/prevention theory as applied in practice to the construction industry. Part of the research work consisted of an information survey of groups of various categories of workers, managers and owners to establish their perceptions of accident causation. The findings indicate that the emphasis of current accident prevention measures in force is more suited to mechanistic organizations than to organic types of which the construction industry is one. The conclusions reached are that the emphasis must be concentrated more on education and training and the spread of information on the hazards of the working environment and their avoidance.