基于有限元的单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置特性研究

设计了一种具有复合梁变幅杆的单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置。基于有限元分析方法,对具有不同结构参数复合梁变幅杆的单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置进行了结构动力学分析,总结了单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置的频率变化规律、振幅变化规律、X、Y、Z向振幅分量变化规律等,得出了对该单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置的加工制作具有重要指导意义的曲线和参数,并使用阻抗分析仪、激光测振仪、示波器、数据处理系统对单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置样机进行了阻抗和振动特性测试。最后对该单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置的切削性能进行了普通切削和椭圆振动切削的对比实验,验证了有限元分析方法对该装置设计的指导意义和单激励超声椭圆振动切削装置的切削性能。     

细长轴超声椭圆振动辅助车削试验

设计了铝合金细长轴超声椭圆振动辅助车削试验,测量了不同超声波电压下的刀具振幅。分析了铝合金细长轴超声振动辅助车削切削力变化规律,开展了普通车削与超声椭圆振动辅助车削单因素对比试验,对比了两种不同加工方法对切削力及细长轴不同区域表面粗糙度。试验结果表明:在相同切削参数条件下,超声椭圆振动辅助车削三个方向的切削力均小于普通车削切削力,并且随着振幅的增加切削力进一步降低。两种加工方式下细长轴的中间区域表面粗糙度均比两端差,但超声椭圆振动车削沿细长轴长度方向的表面粗糙度的均匀一致性优于普通车削。超声椭圆振动车削加工后的表面纹路较普通车削均匀缜密,且断屑效果优于普通车削,普通车削形成的切屑为连续切屑,切屑缠绕严重,而超声椭圆振动辅助车削的切屑形状为断续切屑,随着振幅的增大断屑效果提高。     

单激励超声振动车削装置的结构及其切削方式优化

设计单激励超声振动车削装置通常采用车刀轴向与变幅杆轴向相垂直的结构,切削方式比较单一,主要采用主切削力方向振动的方式进行加工。本文分析了现有结构及切削方式的不足,提出车刀轴向与变幅杆轴向一致的结构,并采取新的复合振动。根据原理进行分析,通过AdvantEdge FEM进行仿真,论证新结构及切削方式的可行性,并指出脆硬材料和塑性材料在超声振动车削中的不同之处。     

超声振动磨削振子的仿真与实验研究

设计了一种超声振动磨削振子,基于有限元分析方法对超声振动磨削振子进行了模态、谐响应仿真分析,并通过对加工装配好的超声振动磨削振子进行阻抗测试和振动特性测试实验,验证了有限元仿真结果的有效性。     

超声椭圆振动车削的切削特性

为了深入研究超声椭圆振动切削特性及其应用前景,通过建立超声椭圆振动切削模型,根据运动学方程,分析和推导出了切削占空比、振纹高度、振动频率、振幅之间的关系,揭示了超声椭圆振动车削表面粗糙度、加工精度、加工效率之间的相互关系。通过切削力和表面粗糙度试验对推导出来的结果进行了验证,试验结果表明有效减小切削力是超声椭圆振动切削加工应用的主要优势。     

超声振动塑料焊接机振子的有限元分析

介绍了超声振动塑料焊接机结构,对其振子进行了有限元建模。从模态分析、谐响应分析、瞬态分析三个方面对超声振动塑料焊接机振子进行了动力学分析,为振子的制造与改进提供参考。     

椭圆振动辅助车削7075铝合金表面微织构及其特性

为研究椭圆振动车削技术辅助微织构制备的工艺及其加工后微表面特性,采用椭圆振动原理和微织构的形成原理分析了不同转速和进给速度下的微织构变化规律,进行椭圆振动轨迹测量试验和椭圆振动车削试验,分析了装置振动轨迹、表面形貌、单个微织构几何尺寸及表面粗糙度变化情况。试验结果表明,在切削试验过程中,相比传统车削,由于车刀的空间椭圆运动轨迹,超声椭圆振动车削后表面呈现类椭圆状的微织构凹槽。由理论分析和试验结果得出,随着转速和进给速度的改变,微织构凹槽的几何尺寸、轮廓高度及表面粗糙度均会发生规律性变化。     

高比重钨合金超声椭圆振动切削去除机理研究

高比重钨合金作为一种难加工金属材料,其应用范围一直受限于其超精密加工水平。超声椭圆振动切削技术在高比重钨合金超精密切削加工中极具应用前景,通过切削去除机理研究,可推动其在高比重钨合金超精密切削领域中的应用。因此,首先对超声椭圆振动切削轨迹进行分析,结合瞬时剪切角变化,建立了超声椭圆振动切削弯矩及切削力模型,并基于上述模型,通过与常规车削相对比,对超声椭圆振动切削特性进行分析。然后,采用单晶金刚石刀具,进行高比重钨合金超声椭圆振动划擦实验和切削实验,并通过SEM、白光共聚焦显微镜、X射线残余应力分析仪等设备对材料塑脆特性、切屑厚度、切削表面残余应力及切削表面加工损伤等进行检测与分析。理论分析与切削实验表明,与常规车削相比,超声椭圆振动切削下材料去除尺度由微米量级减小为纳米量级,高比重钨合金表现出更强的塑性;随着剪切角变化,超声椭圆振动切削在材料去除过程中,会产生更大的向下的分力,在切削表面留下更大的残余应力;超声椭圆振动切削下,切削方向与材料断裂方向更为一致,结合锋利的单晶金刚石刀具,有利于实现高比重钨合金超精密切削。     

基于有限元的超声振动内圆磨削系统的主轴设计与研究

基于有限元分析方法，对由振子（超声换能器、变幅杆和工具）和主轴套筒构成的超声振动内圆磨头的主轴部件进行了结构分析研究，揭示了套筒结构和振子结构对主轴振动模态的影响，特别是对振子输出振动和套简振动的影响规律。基于上述分析提出了主轴的优化结构。     

单晶硅二维超声振动辅助磨削技术的实现

基于超声振动磨削能有效提高加工效率及加工表面质量的特性,通过设计具有伸缩和弯曲两种模态的压电陶瓷椭圆振子,实现了单晶硅二维椭圆振动磨削技术。对超声振子的振动特性进行检测,证实改变压电陶瓷两电极之间的交流信号相位差和电压幅值,可得到不同形状和振幅的椭圆振动。对单晶硅进行超声磨削与普通磨削的对比试验,结果表明二维振动磨削的磨削力大幅降低,表面粗糙度显著减小,表面质量明显提高,加工表面延性域去除比例增加。从而证实二维超声振动磨削方法能够实现高效率高质量单晶硅加工。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

ANGULAR DISTORTION ALLOWABLE VALUE AND ASSESS METHOD OF WELD ON COKE TOWER

A graph as the new engineering method for estimate the safety of bulging deformation of coke tower is proposed. Through stresses analysis of circumferential weld of coke tower and comparing the stresses produced by pressure with heat stress of steady state, residual stress, bending stress produced by both itself weight and wind loads, it showed that the stresses produced by pressure on the angle distortion are the main factor of equivalent stress of the combined stress. After comparing four kinds of stress controlling conditions, the relation to stress with depth of angular distortion, grade of curvature of angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been inferred. Graph of deformation allowable value of coke tower for different condition by angular distortion and half of region of angular distortion has been plotted. The five steps for its engineering use have been explained. The lighter the grade of curvature is, the larger of bulge allowance, may be, and the bigger of depth of angular distortion may pose too. For the coke tower with a popular structure of Dg 5 400 mm×28 mm, the result by graph is nearly more than the result of two formulas formed by other research, the error is less than 7.0%. But, the graph can be easily applied to different size of angular distortion.