光电探测器与单模光纤精确对准算法研究

针对光电探测器模块的耦合封装,提出了一种精确对准的位置搜索算法,完成了光纤与光接收芯片从零响应电流到最大响应电流位置的搜索定位。在对准耦合的精确搜索阶段,为克服多个自由度之间交叉耦合的问题,首次将模式搜索法应用到光纤与光接收芯片对准的多自由度搜索中。理论分析了光电探测器的耦合效率数学模型,运用爬山法与模式搜索法进行仿真并与实验结果进行了对比,结果表明模式搜索法在耦合成功率和搜索速度上都明显优于爬山法。针对三自由度的光纤与光接收芯片的对准,使用模式搜索法的平均搜索时间在25s内,比使用爬山法的平均搜索时间约快20s,且使用模式搜索法的耦合成功率达到90%以上,比使用爬山法的耦合成功率高30%左右。     

模式搜索法在光纤有源自动对准中的应用

提出基于模式搜索法的光纤有源自动对准算法,实现了多自由度同时寻优,解决了不同自由度之间的交叉耦合问题,提高了对准速度和对准精度。通过仿真与实验研究,与传统的爬山法进行对比。仿真结果表明,激光二极管与单模光纤五自由度对准时,模式搜索法只需20次迭代就可以找到最大点,收敛速度是爬山法的9倍。实验结果证明,横向调整两个自由度对准时,模式搜索法搜索速度比爬山法平均快10 s,定位成功率达到90%。     

平面光波导精密对准平台运动误差的敏感性分析

在阵列光纤与波导芯片的对准过程中,多自由度精密运动平台的运动精度直接影响其耦合效率。针对此问题,运用多体动力学理论,通过分析运动平台的各项误差源,建立了多自由度精密运动平台的误差模型。采用基于方差的Sobol法对运动平台的各项误差进行敏感性分析,从而得到了各误差参数在敏感方向的影响程度。试验结果与理论分析结果基本吻合,说明该模型具有一定的适用性。该模型可为多自由度精密运动平台的运动精度控制、误差补偿分析以及系统优化设计提供借鉴。     

大光斑离轴式光纤旋转连接器的耦合性能

针对直接对准型离轴式光纤旋转连接器中自聚焦透镜准直器出射光斑小、光纤耦合损耗大和有效对准时间短的问题,本文提出了一种由双合透镜和热扩芯光纤构成的大光斑光纤准直器。基于出射光斑在相对旋转过程中重叠面积的周期性变化规律,分析了准直器间存在径向误差和角向误差时的耦合损耗变化。根据转子圆环和出射光斑尺寸得到耦合损耗为3 dB时的理论有效对准时间。为此搭建了光纤耦合实验平台测试其耦合性能及有效对准时间。实验结果表明,光纤准直器采用的单模光纤模场直径越大耦合损耗越低,其中模场直径为28μm时耦合损耗低至0.22 dB。在转速为60 r/min时,通过光电转化和函数拟合得到四种模场直径光纤准直器的有效对准时间。模场直径为17μm时最大有效对准时间为7.05 ms,与理论值7.1672 ms基本一致。最后应用光纤布拉格光栅传感实现无接触式传输光信号。这种设计为大光斑离轴式光纤旋转连接器的研究及其在光纤传感领域的应用提供了理论和技术支撑。     

大行程三平动柔性微定位平台的设计分析及优化

为设计具有毫米级运动行程、良好的静、动态特性且结构多样的三维平动柔性微定位平台。首先,提出两种新型的多自由度大行程柔性运动副。其次,基于该运动副,给出三种新型大行程空间平动柔性微定位平台实例。然后,采用非线性方法建立平台力位移关系、输入耦合及丢失运动的理论模型,并采用柔度矩阵法建立平台的刚度及固有频率模型。随后,以提高平台的静、动态性能为目标对平台进行参数寻优。最后对平台进行有限元分析,验证理论模型的正确性。根据理论与仿真结果,平台一阶固有频率为49.6Hz,在1mm运动行程内,x、z轴方向的丢失运动分别小于0.32%、0.7%,输入耦合小于1.2%且输出完全解耦。为空间平动柔性微定位平台的设计、分析及优化提供了一种系统化的研究方法。     

三种两自由度柔顺精密定位平台的性能对比与分析

针对传统的缺口型和直片型柔性铰链平台行程不足的特点,设计了一种波纹簧片型柔性铰链,并在此基础上设计了由电磁驱动的两自由度柔顺精密定位平台。基于波纹簧片型、缺口型和直片型柔性铰链平台的特点建立有限元模型分析了这三种平台的静态和模态性能,包括行程,固有频率等。利用电磁驱动作为定位平台的输入驱动,综合对比了三种平台的实际行程,耦合位移,重复定位精度等性能,验证了有限元分析的正确性。结果表明,相比于缺口型和直片型柔性铰链平台,基于波纹簧片型柔性铰链的两自由度柔顺精密定位平台具有行程大,定位精度高的特点,对于柔顺精密定位平台的研究具有重要的参考价值。     

5G高速通信光模块快速耦合算法研究

通过对高密度,高耦合效率产品的耦合技术的研究,突破高精度侧发光芯片的微组装技术、亚微米级的半导体激光芯片和光学元件的耦合集成封装技术以及多维度高精度单模耦合平台设计技术,并成功研制组装芯片数量大于4颗、相对精度小于10μm、单通道速率达10/25/50Gb/s、单通道耦合入纤功率大于20mW、耦合效率大于65%的光模块。在耦合精度满足的情况还需要对透镜及光纤的固定技术进行研究分析,选择低收缩比例的胶水,耦合过程中还必须考虑胶水的收缩比,做参数补偿。同时,还需要优化光路结构和光波导耦合微结构设计,提高光的耦合效率,并且在设备的稳定性和一致性上提出更高设计要求,保证设计合理,操作简便,整个使用过程中能够精确对准,减少反复调整次数,提高工作效率,这是一个创新点。     

高带宽两自由度并联柔顺精密定位平台的优化设计与实验

针对目前用于原子力显微镜的扫描定位平台带宽低、行程小、耦合性能差等问题,提出了一种基于柔性梁的高带宽两自由度精密定位平台并对该平台进行了优化设计、仿真验证与实验分析。首先,提出了以双端固定梁与平行杂交梁为基础的并联柔顺平台,分别运用卡式第二定理和拉格朗日方程建立了平台刚度和固有频率的数学模型;然后,通过最优化理论获取了平台的最高固有频率及最优设计尺寸,并运用有限元方法验证了优化结果的可靠性;最后,搭建了实验系统,对平台进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:所设计平台的最大行程为12.950μm×13.517μm,耦合误差小于1.77%,X,Y方向的固有频率分别为12.21和13.50kHz,在开环条件下可良好地追踪频率小于1kHz的三角波,有效改善了传统扫描定位平台响应慢、行程小、耦合性能差等问题。     

自动光纤对准系统的研制

为了解决光器件生产中的效率问题 ,研制了自动光纤对准系统。本系统应用了高精度、高速的运动平台 ,采用了高精度运动控制器 ,使用了GPIB通讯技术 ,快速的搜索方法 ,面向对象的编程技术 ,实现了光纤对准工序的自动化     

COB光模块耦合对准及算法研究

COB光模块有着功耗较低小、体积较小、速度较快的优点,但其耦合对准较为困难。为改善其COB光模块耦合对准的耦合效率和成功率,分析了耦合对准原理并经过实验理论分析了对准误差对耦合效率的影响。基于以上分析和研究,提出了一种快速耦合的自适应权重粒子群算法,完成了光纤和光发射端/接收端的快速定位,并与爬山法进行了仿真和实验对比,相比于爬山法的耦合成功率提高了32%,耦合时间加快了44%以上,证明了自适应权重粒子群算法在耦合速度和耦合成功率方面有明显进步。     

Minimal Realization of Linear Graph Models for Multi-physics Systems

An engineering system may consist of several different types of components,belonging to such physical"domains"as mechanical,electrical,fluid,and thermal.It is t...     

INTEGRAL EQUATION METHOD＇S APPLICATION IN HOLE-EDGE STRESS OF COMPOSITE MATERIAL PLATE WITH DIFFERENT SHAPED HOLES

The strength of composite plate with different hole-shapes is always one of the most important but complicated issues in the application of the composite material. The holes will lead to mutations and discontinuity to the structure. So the hole-edge stress concentration is always a serious phenomenon. And the phenomenon makes the structure strength decrease very quickly to form dangerous weak points. Most partial damage begins from these weak points. According to the complex variable functions theory, the accurate boundary condition of composite plate with different hole-shapes is founded by conformal mapping method to settle the boundary condition problem of complex hole-shapes. Composite plate with commonly hole-shapes in engineering is studied by several complex variable stress fimction. The boundary integral equations are founded based on exact boundary conditions. Then the exact hole-edge stress analytic solution of composite plate with rectangle holes and wing manholes is resolved. Both of offset axis loadings and its influences on the stress concentration coefficient of the hole-edge are discussed. And comparisons of different loads along various offset axis on the hole-edge stress distribution of orthotropic plate with rectangle hole or wing manhole are made. It can be concluded that hole-edge with continuous variable curvatures might help to decrease the stress concentration coefficient; and smaller angle of outer load and fiber can decrease the stress peak value.     

Non-monotonic material contrast in scanning ion and scanning electron images

30 keV Ga⁺ focused ion beam induced secondary electron (iSE) imaging was used to determine the relative contrast between several materials. The iSE signal compared from C, Si, Al, Ti, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ag, and W metal layers does not decrease with an increase in target atomic number Z₂, and shows a non-monotonic relationship between contrast and Z₂. The non-monotonic relationship is attributed to periodic fluctuations of the stopping power and sputter yield inherent to the ion–solid interactions. In addition, material contrast from electron-induced secondary electron (eSE) and backscattered electron (BSE) images using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also shows non-monotonic contrast as a function of Z₂, following the periodic behavior of the stopping power for electron–solid interactions. A comparison of the iSE and eSE results shows similar relative contrast between the metal layers, and not complementary contrast as conventionally understood. These similarities in the contrast behavior can be attributed to similarities in the periodic and non-monotonic function defined by incident particle–solid interaction theory.     

Application of Feature Extraction through Convolution Neural Networks and SVM Classifier for Robust Grading of Apples

This paper proposes a novel grading method of apples,in an automated grading device that uses convolutional neural networks to extract the size,color,texture,an...     

分布动态载荷识别的抗噪处理

针对正交多项式频域法在用多种响应对矩形薄板进行载荷识别中抗噪性较差的问题,综合运用平均法、矩阵预处理和奇异值截断法等方法对之进行改善,并引入空间映射的思想,将该方法的应用范围拓展为复杂的模型.利用仿真算例,证实了该方法具有较好的抗噪性.     

基于MELTAC-N平台的核电厂安全级DCS环网研究与测试

针对工程实践中环网通讯相关问题的处理缺乏理论基础及国产化安全级DCS平台的开发缺乏成熟经验借鉴问题,对基于MELTAC-N平台核电厂安全级DCS环网的软硬件实现进行了研究。提出了安全级DCS环网双环网冗余设计、光切换开关设计等硬件设计方法,以及以RPR协议为基础,采用全数据收发策略的软件设计方法。在CPR1000安全级DCS平台上对安全级DCS环网的可靠性及实时性进行了评价,并进行了容错能力、响应时间及响应时间稳定性测试验证实验。结果表明,基于MELTAC-N平台安全级DCS环网软硬件设计具有较好的容错能力及响应时间稳定性。     

Short-Term Relay Quality Prediction Algorithm Based on Long and Short-Term Memory

The fraction defective of semi-finished products is predicted to optimize the process of relay production lines, by which production quality and productivity ar...     

End-to-End Multiview Gesture Recognition for Autonomous Car Parking System

The use of hand gestures can be the most intuitive human-machine interaction medium.The early approaches for hand gesture recognition used device-based methods....     

The laboratory simulation of abrasive wear

Abrasive wear has long been recognised as one of the most potentially serious tribological problems facing the operators of many types of plant and machinery; several industrial surveys have indicated that wear by abrasion can be responsible for more than 50% of unscheduled machine and plant stoppages. Locating the operating point of a tribological contact in an appropriate operational ‚map’︁ can provide a useful guide to the likely nature and origins of the surface degradation experienced in use, though care must be exercised in choosing the most suitable parameters for the axes of the plot. Laboratory testing of materials and simulations of machine contacts are carried out for a number of purposes; at one level for the very practical aims of ranking candidate materials or surface hardening treatments in order of their wear resistance, or in an attempt to predict wear lives under field conditions. More fundamentally, tests may be aimed at elucidating the essential physical mechanisms of surface damage and loss, with the longer term aim of building an analytical and predictive model of the wear process itself. In many cases, component surface damage is brought about by the ingress of hard, particulate matter into machine bearing or sealing clearances. These may be running dry although, more usually, a lubricant or service fluid is present at the interface. A number of standardised wear test geometries and procedures have been established for both two- and three-body wear situations, and these are briefly described. Although abrasive wear is often modelled as following an ‚Archard’︁ equation (i.e. a linear increase in material loss with both load and time, and an inverse dependence on specimen hardness) both industrial experience and laboratory tests of particularly lubricated contacts show that this is not always the case: increasing the hardness differential in an abrasively contaminated lubricated pair may not always reduce the rate of damage to the harder surface.     

Limits of topographic measurement by the scanning tunnelling and atomic force microscopes

Parameters describing the topographic character of a surface (height, surface wavelength, slope and curvature) can be derived from equivalent sinusoidal profiles. The response of a surface-measuring instrument may be modelled in terms of instrument parameters such as stylus radius, and scanning range and resolution. The performance of the instrument may then be mapped as a zone in amplitude-wavelength (AW) space to show the sinusoidal profiles it is capable of measuring. In a first-order analysis the STM and AFM are considered as equivalent to contact-stylus instruments with a notional stylus radius equal to the tip radius plus the gap. Comparisons between different instruments and types of instrument are readily made by mapping in AW space. The error arising from convolution of the sinusoidal profile with that of the finite tip may be quantified and plotted as contours in AW space.