基于柯西分布加权的最小二乘支持向量机

针对Suykens等提出的加权最小二乘支持向量机(WLS-SVM)回归建模的不足和防止辨识模型的"过拟合",利用柯西分布函数的一些特性,提出了基于柯西分布加权的最小二乘支持向量机,根据预测误差的统计特性,以确定加权规则的参数,从而赋予训练样本不同的权值,由于考虑了生产过程中样本的实际特性,与已有的加权方法相比,新的加权最小二乘支持向量机更具有鲁棒性,仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.     

基于柯西分布加权的最小二乘支持向量机

针对Suykens等提出的加权最小二乘支持向量机(WLS-SVM)回归建模的不足和防止辨识模型的"过拟合",利用柯西分布函数的一些特性,提出了基于柯西分布加权的最小二乘支持向量机.根据预测误差的统计特性,以确定加权规则的参数,从而赋予训练样本不同的权值.由于考虑了生产过程中样本的实际特性,与已有的加权方法相比,新的加权最小二乘支持向量机更具有鲁棒性.仿真结果验证了该方法的可行性和有效性.

     

一种贝叶斯证据框架下支持向量机建模方法的研究

研究贝叶斯证据框架下标准支持向量机和最小二乘支持向量机的估计算法和建模方法，给出一种高斯桉支持向量机估计算法的参数选择和调整方法，将贝叶斯证据框架下支持向量机的建模方法应用于非线性系统的辨识，仿真结果表明，该方法对于工业过程建模是十分有效的。     

基于贝叶斯框架的加权LS-SVM及其学习算法

为了提高最小二乘支持向量机的鲁棒性,介绍了加权最小二乘支持向量机,给出了确定加权向量的一般方法.并介绍了基于贝叶斯框架的加权LS-SVM参数的优化方法,利用它建立了加权最小二乘支持向量机.最后用一个仿真实例来说明所提出的支持向量机的学习性能,比标准LS-SVM具有更好的鲁棒性.     

基于最小二乘支持向量机的自适应逆扰动消除控制系统

研究一种基于最小二乘支持向量机的自适应逆扰动消除控制器的设计问题,给出了基于最小二乘支持向量机的建模和逆建模方法,以及贝叶斯证据框架下高斯核支持向量机估计算法的参数选择方法.仿真结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于PSO和LSSVM的生化过程建模研究

针对最小二乘支持向量机(LSSVM)在生化过程建模中的重要建模参数值选择问题.提出利用具有较强的全局搜索能力的粒子群(PSO)优化算法.对最小二乘支持向量机建模过程中的重要参数进行优化调整,每一个粒子的位置向量对应一组最小二乘支持向量机建模的参数.利用参数优化调整后得到的具有较优拟合预测效果的模型对谷氨酸发酵过程进行预测,仿真结果表明,该方法能使模型取得较好的预测效果.     

基于自适应加权最小二乘支持向量机的芳烃产量软测量建模

芳烃收率是催化重整生产过程中的重要质量指标。针对其软测量建模中样本数据可能存在的测量误差对模型性能的影响,提出一种自适应加权最小二乘支持向量机(AWLSSVM)回归建模方法。该方法基于最小二乘支持向量机模型,根据样本拟合误差,并结合改进的指数分布加权规则,为每个建模样本分配不同的权值,以降低测量误差对建模精度的影响;同时提出一种全局优化算法—混沌粒子群模拟退火(CPSO-SA)算法对最小二乘支持向量机的模型参数进行优化选择,以提高模型的泛化能力。仿真实验表明,AWLS-SVM模型的预测精度及鲁棒性能优于LS-SVM和WLS-SVM。最后,应用AWLS-SVM方法建立催化重整生产过程芳烃收率的软测量模型,获得了较好的效果。     

基于LS-CSO优化MWLS-SVM的SO2排放浓度软测量建模

针对石灰石-石膏湿法烟气脱硫过程最小二乘支持向量机（LS-SVM）建模中存在的噪声和辅助变量差异性对模型的影响,提出一种混合加权最小二乘支持向量机（MWLS-SVM）的建模方法。该建模方法对辅助变量进行加权,以降低各辅助变量对模型的差异性影响,并采用样本局部异常因子,对模型经验风险项进行加权处理,以提高模型的逼近和泛化能力,同时提出一种局部搜索竞争粒子群（LS-CSO）算法优化MWLS-SVM模型参数和特征权重。分别采用直接加权最小二乘支持向量机（DWLS-SVM）、LS-SVM和MWLS-SVM三种方法对湿法烟气脱硫SO₂排放浓度建立软测量模型,采用LS-CSO优化模型参数,实验结果表明MWLS-SVM模型在预测精度和泛化能力表现上明显优于LS-SVM和DWLS-SVM。     

基于APSO—LSSVM的软测量建模研究

针对最小二乘支持向量机在生化过程建模中的重要建模参数值选择问题,提出利用具有较强的全局搜索能力的自适应粒子群（APSO）优化算法,对最小二乘支持向量机建模过程中的重要参数进行优化调整,每一个粒子的位置向量对应一组最小二乘支持向量机建模的参数。利用参数优化调整后得到的具有较优拟和预测效果的模型对谷氨酸发酵过程进行预测,仿真结果表明该方法能使模型取得较好的预测效果。     

基于支持向量机的软测量方法研究

针对所有样本点均出现在最小二乘支持向量机模型中的缺陷,提出一种改进的最小二乘支持向量机回归方法．根据最小二乘支持向量机模型学习误差的大小,去除原变量空间中大部分误差较小的样本点,从而获得回归模型的“稀疏”特性,大大简化了模型复杂程度．同时,将此方法应用于生物发酵过程,建立青霉素发酵过程中产物浓度的软测量模型,实现青霉素浓度的在线预估．实验结果表明,该方法为生物发酵过程中难于在线测量质量参数的实时监测提供了一个有效的手段．     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.