SBS改性沥青老化模拟及再生研究

为研究不同再生方式对老化SBS改性沥青性能影响情况,首先通过常规试验、SHRP试验选择恰当的SBS改性沥青老化模拟方式;然后对4种再生方式:Ⅰ、掺加SK-90号基质沥青;Ⅱ、掺加SBS改性沥青;Ⅲ、掺加再生剂;Ⅳ、掺加再生剂+90号基质沥青展开探讨,确定了各再生方式的最佳条件,比较了各再生方式的优劣差异.试验结果表明:采用RTFOT试验进行老化模拟更加方便、科学,RTFOT试验5 h获得的改性沥青指标与服务年龄为7 a的SBS改性沥青一致;4种再生方式对老化沥青性能均有改善作用,且每种方式的新、旧沥青最佳比例及添加剂最佳掺量均不相同,在各自最佳条件下比对4种再生方式知,最优再生方式为Ⅱ,然后依次为Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅰ.     

Evaluation of reclaimed asphalt pavement binder stiffness without extraction and recovery

A new testing procedure to estimate the low-temperature stiffness of the reclaimed asphalt pavement(RAP) binder was developed.In the testing procedure,the SuperpaveTM Bending Beam Rheometer(BBR) with special modifications and binder blending charts by Asphalt Institute were utilized.Modifications involved the development of a new kind of sample mold and different testing parameters were made to BBR testing procedure to capture the rheological properties of bitumen mortars produced by mixing fresh binder wit...     

大型再生水源热泵系统性能仿真和决策软件设计

针对大型再生水源热泵系统,建立了"单台板式换热器+单台变频循环水泵+单台离心式热泵机组"的模型,用C++与Fortran混编方法实现了具有友好界面的大型再生水源热泵系统的性能仿真和决策软件,其特色是具有污垢模型和CIP清洗模型,并与现行建筑负荷计算软件DeST有很好的对接。软件设计有部件选型、运行仿真与分析、投资决策、敏感性分析等功能。并以奥运村再生水源热泵系统的实际运行数据对软件进行校验,使该系统性能仿真软件实现了功能完整并达到实用的阶段。该软件可为大型再生水源热泵系统的决策、优化设计和运行策略提供指导。     

加速陈化对稻谷制备米饭和米粉品质的影响

为了探究稻谷在陈化期间其米饭和米粉食用品质的变化,采用人工气候箱模拟典型的高温高湿(35℃,RH 75％)储藏生态区的温度、湿度来加速陈化稻谷,在12个月的储藏期中定期取出样品分别制成米饭和米粉,测定其蒸煮和质构特性指标并对其食用品质进行感官评价,研究加速陈化对各指标的影响.结果 表明:随着储藏时间的延长,稻谷的米汤干...     

道路废旧沥青混合料老化与再生试验研究

选取公路路面改造的废旧沥青混合料,通过破碎、筛分旧路材料,对旧沥青进行老化试验,并通过添加不同种类和不同含量的再生剂,研究老化沥青再生。使旧路面沥青性能改善到能回收再利用。     

基于加速加载的在役沥青混合料损伤与疲劳性能

采用足尺加速加载试验模拟了现场沥青路面的在役状态,基于便携式地质地震波模量分析仪和劈裂试验对在役沥青混合料的损伤与疲劳性能进行了研究。结果表明:路面地震波模量随加速加载作用次数的增加而不断降低。基于地震波模量检测结果的频散曲线,分析了路面不同深度处地震波模量的衰变规律,发现下面层沥青混合料的临界损伤位置出现在其上部区域。在役沥青混合料的劈裂强度随加载作用次数的增加总体上略有降低。而加速加载作用对在役沥青混合料疲劳抗力的影响随着路面深度的增加而降低。     

Development of SOM combustion model for Reynolds-averaged and large-eddy simulation of turbulent combustion and its validation by DNS

The derivation and closure methods of the second-order moment (SOM) combustion model are proposed. The application of this model to Reynolds averaged (RANS) and large-eddy simulation (LES) of turbulent swirling diffusion combustion, jet diffusion combustion, and bluff-body stabilized premixed combustion is summarized. It is indicated that the SOM model is much better than the eddy-beak-up (EBU) and presumed PDF models widely used in commercial software and engineering. The SOM modeling results are close to those obtained using the most accurate but much more complex PDF equation model. Moreover, it can save much more computation time than the PDF equation model. Finally, the SOM model is validated by the direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulent reacting channel flows. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 50606026 and 50736006), and the National Basic Research Program of China (“973”) (Grant No. G-1999-0222-07)     

沥青混合料劈裂试验的扩展有限元法数值模拟

扩展有限元法是近年来迅速发展的一种新型数值方法,为了深入分析沥青混合料在荷载作用下的破损机理,将该方法引入到沥青路面计算,以沥青混合料劈裂试验为例,利用ABAQUS有限元软件,采用双线性内聚力模型模拟劈裂试验裂纹扩展过程,并将数值模拟结果和试验结果进行了比较分析.结果表明数值计算结果和试验结果吻合很好,扩展有限元法应用...     

Design method and performance for large stone porous asphalt mixtures

Design method for large stone porous asphalt mixtures (LSPM) was analyzed to avoid the early distresses of semi-rigid asphalt pavements. Based on stone-to-stone skeleton structure concept, processes of LSPM gradation design was given. The gradation composite design for LSPM shows that the LSPM nominal maximum size (NMS) should be larger than 26.5 mm, and the NMS sieve passing percentage should be greater than 50%. Through experiments and calculations on the volume properties of the aggregate, the range of aggregate gradation curve of LSPM was given. In terms of asphalt binder’s normalized test results, MAC-70 and SBS modified asphalt were selected as the asphalt binders. The applicability of large scale Marshall Method and gyratory compaction method to shape specimens was investigated. Based on the asphalt mixture performance evaluation, the optimum asphalt content range (3.1%–3.6%), the bitumen film’s thickness range (13–16 μm) and the air void range (135–18%) were recommended. Finally, LSPM was tested by the laboratory performance tests including rutting resistance test, fatigue test and water stability test. The theoretic and practical analysis shows that LSPM has a good performance on water permeability, rutting resistance and reflection crack resistance.     

温拌剂对沥青断裂和老化性能的影响

针对当前DSR试验、BBR试验在评价温拌沥青断裂性能上的局限性,为准确预估温拌剂对沥青材料断裂性能的影响,选取两种不同类型的温拌剂(Sasobit和ET-3100)加入基质沥青中,并进行旋转薄膜老化(RTFO)和压力箱老化(PAV),对温拌沥青的断裂性能展开研究.采用扩展弯曲梁流变(Ex-BBR)试验和双边缺口拉伸(D...     

Analytical prediction and field validation of transient temperature field in asphalt pavements

This work presented the development and validation of an analytical method to predict the transient temperature field in the asphalt pavement.The governing equation for heat transfer was based on heat conduction radiation and convection.An innovative time-dependent function was proposed to predict the pavement surface temperature with solar radiation and air temperature using dimensional analysis in order to simplify the complex heat exchange on the pavement surface.The parameters for the time-dependent pavement surface temperature function were obtained through the regression analysis of field measurement data.Assuming that the initial pavement temperature distribution was linear and the influence of the base course materials on the temperature of the upper asphalt layers was negligible,a close-form analytical solution of the temperature in asphalt layers was derived using Green's function.Finally,two numerical examples were presented to validate the model solutions with field temperature measurements.Analysis results show that the solution accuracy is in agreement with field data and the relative errors at a shallower depth are greater than those at a deeper one.Although the model is not sensitive to dramatic changes in climatic factors near the pavement surface,it is applicable for predicting pavement temperature field in cloudless days.     

沥青路面纵缝深度灌缝方法及施工工艺

提出了沥青路面纵缝深度灌缝的方法及工艺,以彻底根治纵向裂缝.首先研究了满足深度灌缝要求的水泥砂浆配合比,其次通过试验路的现场灌缝工艺研究,确定了包括灌缝时机选择、裂缝预处理、钻芯布孔、埋置封堵管、灌浆和养生等关键环节的工艺流程.试验结果表明:配制的水泥砂浆具有很高的流动性和早期强度,灌缝方法可以将砂浆灌入裂缝处路面的基...     

沥青路面结构足尺力学响应实测与仿真

为探究沥青路面在荷载作用下力学响应,通过基于辽宁省沥青路面足尺加速加载试验,开展路面结构力学仿真方法及力学响应特征研究.采用光纤光栅传感器实测足尺加速加载路面的面层底部、基层底部和路基顶面的力学响应,利用单轴压缩动态模量试验获取沥青混合料的粘弹性参数,通过FWD弯沉盆反算得到基层及土基的弹性模量,利用接触痕迹得到轮胎的接触面分布;通过单轴压缩动态模量试验及四点弯曲动态模量试验对传感器进行了标定.在此基础上,采用有限元软件ABAQUS建立基于实测参数的路面结构力学仿真模型,分析路面结构在不同加载位置和速度下的力学响应,并与实测结果进行对比.结果表明:所建立的路面力学仿真模型能较合理地模拟沥青层底三向应变、半刚性材料层底纵向、横向应变以及土基顶面的压应力.沥青混合料粘弹特性导致弹性后效,使力学响应曲线表现出非对称特点.随着温度的增加和加载速度的减小,沥青层底三向应变、半刚性基层底的水平应变以及土基顶面压应力的响应幅值增加.     

辽河AH-90#沥青老化组分变化研究

笔者结合沥青路面再生利用中的热点问题,采用理论分析与实验数据相结合的方法,阐述了基质沥青老化的原理以及组分、性能的变化规律.结果表明,沥青在老化过程中,饱和分含量变化幅度不大,芳香分的含量逐渐减小.胶质含量总的趋势是下降,不断转化为沥青质.而沥青质含量不断呈增大的趋势.随老化时间的延长和老化温度的升高,沥青的胶体不稳定指数逐渐增加.本研究旨在探讨沥青老化组分变化规律,为沥青再生技术提供理论依据.     

紫外消毒数值模拟及生物验证

为建立紫外消毒系统优化方法,基于光强分布、流场分布、当量剂量求解,开展紫外消毒的数值模拟,针对腔体式紫外消毒反应器,在80%～95%透光率和240～600 L/h流量条件下对模型进行生物验证.结果表明：该模型能够较准确地预测消毒效果,当量剂量模拟结果与实验结果在不同条件下相差3%～12%.有效剂量随处理流量的增加而降低...     

电动轮驱动汽车动力学仿真模型及试验验证

提出了电动轮驱动汽车的18自由度动力学模型,包括车体的6个运动自由度,4个车轮的转向、转动及垂向运动的12个自由度。该模型具有自由度较多,仿真参数易获取且精度较高的特点。利用所开发的电动轮驱动汽车进行了相关操纵稳定性试验,并将试验结果与相同工况下的仿真结果进行了对比,结果表明所建模型仿真结果与试验结果吻合良好,验证了模型的有效性。在此基础上,利用所建模型对汽车极限行驶工况时的动力学特性进行了仿真,仿真结果与实车运动特性相符。该模型为研究电动轮驱动汽车的动力学特性奠定了基础。     

缩尺模型子结构混合模拟试验方法数值模拟研究

为进一步降低试验成本、提高试验效率,结合静力相似理论,提出了缩尺模型混合模拟试验方法.该方法在满足模型与原型材料相同条件下,理论推导出试验子结构所需的位移及反力相似条件,仅对试验子结构输入输出参数进行相似处理,运动方程及计算子结构相应参数与原型完全相同,来实现混合模拟试验.采用MATLAB和Open SEES混合编程方法,实现了传统子结构混合模拟试验(包括剪切型、弯剪型、弯曲型模型)以及分布子结构混合模拟试验.相应足尺模型数值模拟结果比较,验证了本文所提方法的可行性.     

Statically accelerated experimental simulation on the deterioration of dynamic strength of rock

In order to reveal the strength deterioration law of rock mass under an acidified environment, a series of experiments on strength deterioration and the environmental effect on marble and diabase under the conditions of three kinds of acids （H2SO4, HNO3 and HC1） with three contents （1.0%, 5.0% and 10.0%） in a static fluid surrounding were carried out by single factor simulation. After the stones had been saturated in the above solutions for 90 days, an indoor weathering simulation had been observed for 300 days and its strength characteristics were measured under static/dynamic load and that results were compared with those under the natural condition. It is evident that the strength is emaciated greatly after the stones eroded by the liquids, whether under the static or dynamic load.