双向能量协作的中继系统功率分配算法

在无线中继系统中,考虑源节点和中继节点都是能量采集的,而源与中继之间可以进行能量协作,即可双向传递能量,针对瑞利衰落信道场景以最大化系统吞吐量为目标,联合优化源节点的发射功率、中继节点的发射功率以及传递的能量值,提出了双向能量传递的最优功率分配算法。本文根据场景模型建立了最优化问题,利用凸优化知识求得最优解的形式,假设能量传递无损耗情况下提出了理想功率分配方案;然后以此为基础,在满足能量因果性和数据因果性的条件下,对传递的能量和发送的功率进行优化。仿真结果表明,本文提出的双向能量传递的功率分配算法优于其它的功率分配算法,能有效的提高系统吞吐量。      

一种OFDMA实时子载波分配算法及仿真

正交频分多址(OFDMA)是以OFDM调制为基础的新一代无线接入技术,在这种方式中,多址是通过给每个用户分配可用子载波总数的一部分来实现的。介绍了一种OFDMA下行链路的实时动态子载波分配算法,算法根据各个子载波对各个用户的瞬时信道增益,在使系统总的发送功率最小的准则下,为各用户分配最优的子载波组。最后用MATLAB语言仿真实现了该算法.仿真结果表明该算法性能要优于传统的静态子信道方案。     

OFDM中继系统中能效优化的资源联合分配算法

在协作正交频分复用系统中,合理的资源分配对于提高系统性能具有重要的意义。针对中继、子载波和功率的联合分配,对最大化系统能效为目标的分配算法进行研究,提出了一个最低容量限制下的最大能效次优化资源联合分配算法(JRAA,joint resource allocation algorithm)。该算法使用冲突图表示系统资源冲突关系,根据冲突图的最大独立集结果进行资源分配。经过仿真验证,该资源分配算法实现了中继一子载波和功率的联合分配,在能效性能方面优于现有的算法。     

Optimized layered multicast with superposition coding in cellular systems

We consider the problem of optimal power allocation and optimal user selection in a layered multicast transmission over quasi‐static Rayleigh fading channels. A scheme based on superposition coding is proposed in which basic multicast streams and enhanced multicast streams are superimposed and transmitted by a base station, while users with worse channel conditions can only decode basic multicast streams, and users with better channel conditions can decode both basic and enhanced multicast streams. In this paper, subject to fixed user selection ratios, the optimal power allocation for each stream that maximizes average throughput is investigated, and the impact of power allocation on average outage probability is discussed. Finally, subject to fixed transmit power and power allocation, the optimal user selection ratio for enhanced multicast streams is also studied. Numerical results show that the optimized layered multicast scheme outperforms the conventional multicast scheme in terms of average throughput. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

OFDMA系统下行链路自适应带宽与子载波分配方案

该文分析了OFDMA系统下行链路自适应资源分配问题,在系统总功率约束下提出了最小化系统中断概率的次最佳两步子载波分配算法。首先分析用户带宽分配与子载波功率分配特点,在此基础上提出了根据系统可用资源、用户QoS要求及信道状态为用户分配带宽和子载波的两步分配算法。仿真结果表明,该文提出的算法能在极小化系统中断概率的同时满足总功率约束。     

Dynamic Cooperative Base Station Selection Scheme for Downlink CoMP in LTE-Advanced Networks

Coordinated Multi-Point (CoMP) transmission is a technique proposed to enhance the spectral efficiency and system throughput in an interference limited cellular networks. In CoMP joint processing (JP) scheme multiple base stations (BSs) are coordinately transmit data streams to each user. As more than two base stations are involved, abundant spatial resources are exploited and more backhaul spectrum for JP cooperation is required. The backhaul architecture for CoMP JP is crucial to provide low latency, unlimited capacity, less power consumption, and perfect synchronization among the BSs. However, satisfying all these constraints is impossible as the number of cooperative BSs increases for each user. In this paper, a dynamic cooperative base station selection scheme is proposed to reduce the backhaul load for CoMP user by selecting the appropriate number of coordinated BSs from the CoMP cluster to ensure the certain quality of service (QoS). In particular, for cell edge user the number of cooperative BSs per user has been selected in order to achieve reduced overhead and the allocation of backhaul capacity is performed under the max–min fairness criterion. Simulation results show that the proposed selection scheme achieves significant performance improvement than other transmission modes in terms of the average sum rate per backhaul use and minimal total power consumption.     

Energy efficient radio resource management for heterogeneous wireless network using CoMP

The coordinated multi point (CoMP) transmission technique is considered a key feature in future wireless network to improve both cell edge users throughput by exploiting interference. However, to provide CoMP transmission several BSs need to be active, which eventually increases network energy consumption. The simultaneous active multiple BSs with different transmission characteristics in heterogeneous environment cause interferences on each other. In this paper, we study the energy efficient radio resource management (EE-RRM) scheme for heterogeneous wireless networks to reduce interference. In particular, our aim is to allocate subcarrier power by optimizing EE metric and minimize interference with knowledge of channel state information between BSs and user equipment. The EE-RRM problem is a fractional programming problem. In order to solve, we use Charnes–Cooper transformation technique and transform it into an equivalent concave optimization problem. The numerical results of our work present the effect of different interference, rate and power thresholds on the EE metric.     

Cognitive radio network with coordinated multipoint joint transmission

Cognitive radio (CR) is considered to be a promising technology for future wireless networks to make opportunistic utilization of the unused or underused licensed spectrum. Meanwhile, coordinated multipoint joint transmission (CoMP JT) is another promising technique to improve the performance of cellular networks. In this paper, we propose a CR system with CoMP JT technique. We develop an analytical model of the received signal‐to‐noise ratio at a CR to determine the energy detection threshold and the minimum number of required samples for energy detection–based spectrum sensing in a CR network (CRN) with CoMP JT technique. The performance of energy detection–based spectrum sensing under the developed analytical model is evaluated by simulation and found to be reliable. We formulate an optimization problem for a CRN with CoMP JT technique to configure the channel allocation and user scheduling for maximizing the minimum throughput of the users. The problem is found to be a complex mixed integer linear programming. We solve the problem using an optimization tool for several CRN instances by limiting the number of slots in frames. Further, we propose a heuristic‐based simple channel allocation and user scheduling algorithm to maximize the minimum throughput of the users in CRNs with CoMP JT technique. The proposed algorithm is evaluated via simulation and found to be very efficient.     

Effective adaptive transmit power allocation algorithm considering dynamic channel allocation in reuse partitioning-based OFDMA system

This paper introduces an transmit power allocation (TPA) algorithm considering dynamic channel allocation (DCA) for a reuse-partitioning- based Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA)/FDD cellular system. The proposed reuse partitioning-based DCA algorithm guarantees quality of service (QoS) by considering fairness among mobile stations in an OFDMA/FDD system. However, to improve the SINR values for users around the cell edge and increase the overall system throughput compared with the conventional OFDMA/FDD system of frequency reuse factor (FRF) 1, an effective TPA algorithm is also combined with the proposed DCA to adjust the transmit power per user according to the average received SINR value. Simulation results show that the proposed DCA algorithm increases the sector throughput by about 25% when compared with the conventional case that do not apply the proposed DCA algorithm. When the proposed TPA is combined with the proposed DCA algorithm, a further increase in the sector throughput of about 6% is achieved than when using just the proposed DCA algorithm.     

基于能效最优准则的双跳中继网络功率分配算法

针对单天线多跳系统中的资源分配策略进行了研究,重点研究了基于能效最优的功率分配算法。所提算法以系统能效最大化为设计目标,以满足指定的系统服务质量(QoS, quality of service)为约束条件,建立了以源节点和中继节点发射功率为设计变量的数学优化模型。通过大信噪比区间近似等效,将原始的非凸优化问题转化为凸优化问题。再利用拉格朗日对偶函数凸优化算法,并借助于Lambert 函数,最终得到一种功率分配方案的闭合形式解,避免了采用交替迭代方法来求解最优化问题。相比传统以系统频谱效率最大化为目标的算法,所提算法能更好地提升系统整体能效,同时降低了功率分配算法的复杂度。     

多载波多用户下行NOMA系统的资源分配算法

非正交多址接入技术作为5G的候选技术之一受到了广泛关注。研究了以系统吞吐量优化为目标的多载波多用户NOMA系统下行链路的资源分配问题。在该问题的求解中,为了提高系统的吞吐量,子载波间采用线性注水算法,叠加用户间采用分数阶功率分配算法。同时,考虑了远近用户数目不等场景下能够调度更多的用户,在NOMA传输方案设计中引入时分的概念,将整个时间段t分为两个时隙,在不同时隙内实现不同远近用户分组的动态配对方案,从而在保证用户公平性的基础上,充分利用子信道资源,实现系统吞吐量的优化。仿真结果表明,对比于传统NOMA和OFDMA,提出的方法可以在相同的发射功率情况下传输更多的比特数。     

多用户MIMO系统中基于博弈论的鲁棒性功率分配

针对多用户多输入多输出( MU-MIMO)天线系统,提出了一种基于非合作博弈论的功率分配方案。此博弈模型中,以用户在系统中的信号泄漏噪声比值( SLNR)作为用户功率分配和公平性参数设置的依据,保证用户所期望的服务质量和公平性,并证明了纳什均衡的存在性。其次,考虑信道估计误差的影响,提出了一种基于滑动模型的迭代功率分配控制算法满足所有用户的最小通信质量要求。仿真结果显示此方案在信道误差的情况下,相比现有方案可提高系统吞吐量。     

一种用于离散比特分配的改进注水算法

该文针对OFDM系统的离散比特分配问题,提出一种改进的注水算法。该算法的实现借助于文中定义的比特水线分配给某个子载波的功率直接满足整数比特约束的注水线。先用最大信道增益子载波的比特水线进行离散比特分配,再调整分配结果以满足总发射功率约束。理论证明和分析显示,该算法能实现最优比特分配,运算复杂度仅与子载波数量有关。     

An Efficient Adaptive Modulation Scheme for Wireless OFDM Systems

An adaptive modulation scheme is presented for multiuser orthogonal frequency‐division multiplexing systems. The aim of the scheme is to minimize the total transmit power with a constraint on the transmission rate for users, assuming knowledge of the instantaneous channel gains for all users using a combined bit‐loading and subcarrier allocation algorithm. The subcarrier allocation algorithm identifies the appropriate assignment of subcarriers to the users, while the bit‐loading algorithm determines the number of bits given to each subcarrier. The proposed bit‐loading algorithm is derived from the geometric progression of the additional transmission power required by the subcarriers and the arithmetic‐geometric means inequality. This algorithm has a simple procedure and low computational complexity. A heuristic approach is also used for the subcarrier allocation algorithm, providing a trade‐off between complexity and performance. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed algorithms provide comparable performance with existing algorithms with low computational cost.     

Low-complexity SAGE-based MMSE channel estimation for CoMP multi-user systems

Coordinated multiple point(CoMP) transmission/reception has been investigated recently as a promising technology to increase the cell-edge user performance of long term evolution-advanced(LTE-A),and channel estimation is a crucial technology for CoMP systems.In this paper,we consider a reduced-complexity minimum mean square error(MMSE) channel estimator for CoMP systems.The estimator uses space alternating generalized expectation maximization(EM)(SAGE) algorithm to avoid the inverse operation of the joint MMSE estimator.In the proposed scheme,the base stations(BSs) in the CoMP system estimate the channels of all the coordinated users serially and iteratively.We derive the SAGE-based estimators and analyze complexity.Simulation results verify that the performance of the proposed algorithm is close to the joint MMSE estimation algorithm while reducing the complexity greatly.     

无线供电混合多址接入网络的最优能效资源分配研究

在能量受限的通信系统中，能量效率是衡量系统性能的关键指标.本文研究由一个基站和多个分簇用户组成的无线供电混合非正交多址接入系统.在该网络中，基站通过无线能量传输方式给用户供能，用户则利用收集到的能量向基站传输各自的信息.为降低基站的接收解码复杂度，用户采用分簇的方式进行信息传输：簇间用户的信息传输采用时分多址方式，而簇内用户的信息传输采用非正交多址方式.通过联合分配能量传输与信息传输的时间长度以及控制基站和用户的发射功率来实现网络能量效率的最大化.由于涉及的优化问题是非凸的，本文先通过寻找问题最优解的结构，然后根据分式规划理论，提出了一种新的迭代资源分配算法来求解该问题.仿真结果表明，与"吞吐量最大化策略"和 "固定时间分配策略"两种基准策略相比，所提出的算法显著提高了网络的能量效率.     

基于改进图着色的D2D资源分配和功率控制

针对蜂窝网络中D2D（Device-to-Device）用户复用蜂窝信道带来的同频干扰问题,提出了一种基于改进图着色的资源分配和功率控制算法。首先通过构建干扰图和候选集进行用户之间干扰关系建模,并定义指数型累积因子改进图着色算法,为D2D用户分配蜂窝信道;再采用基于信干噪比的闭环功率控制算法动态调整D2D用户发射功率,减小由于信道复用产生的干扰。仿真结果表明,与现有算法相比,所提算法能够有效提升系统吞吐量和D2D用户接入率,实现信道资源的合理分配。     

使用对偶分解的MU-CoMP-JT联合资源分配

在MU-Co MP-JT(Multi-User Coordinated Multiple-Points Joint Transmission)联合资源分配问题中,传统的迫零预编码矩阵会使得每根天线发送功率互不相同,当Co MP节点发射功率仅满足总功率约束时性能损失不明显,而当Co MP节点分布在不同的地理位置时将受到单节点功率约束,这势必会降低系统功率利用率。为了进一步提升系统吞吐量,基于对偶分解理论提出了一种联合预编码优化的资源分配算法。该算法以最大化用户权重速率为目标,将原优化问题分解成若干个优化的子问题,不同子问题对应不同接收天线数的联合优化问题。当子信道的发送天线数大于接收天线数时,通过多次迭代计算得到预编码矩阵,并且预编码矩阵会随着拉格朗日因子的变化而变化。仿真结果表明所提联合预编码优化的联合资源分配算法能够明显提升系统吞吐量,且提高天线功率利用效率。     

一种基于多小区OFDMA系统用户公平性约束的分布式资源分配算法

针对多小区OFDMA系统下行链路,研究了用户公平性约束下的资源分配问题,提出了一种多基站协作的迭代优化的分布式资源分配算法。每个小区根据干扰状况及用户公平性,迭代地进行子载波和功率的资源优化;而每次迭代中,根据用户公平性准则分配子载波,并将非凸的小区功率优化问题转化为其下界的凸问题,通过一个分布式算法来求解。通过仿真验证了算法的有效性;仿真结果表明,与传统网络的固定功率分配的情形相比,所提算法保证了用户之间的公平性并显著提高了系统吞吐量。     

Energy efficiency optimization algorithm for heterogeneous NOMA network based on imperfect CSI

In order to improve the suppression capability of parametric perturbation and energy efficiency (EE) of heterogeneous networks (HetNets),a robust resource allocation algorithm was proposed to maximize system EE for reducing cross-tier interference power in non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) based HetNets.Firstly,the resource optimization problem was formulated as a mixed integer and nonlinear programming one under the constraints of the interference power of macrocell users,maximum transmit power of small cell base station (BS),resource block assignment and the quality of service (QoS) requirement of each small cell user.Then,based on ellipsoid bounded channel uncertainty models,the original problem was converted into the equivalent convex optimization problem by using the convex relaxation method,Dinkelbach method and the successive convex approximation (SCA) method.The analytical solutions were obtained by using the Lagrangian dual approach.Simulation results verifiy that the proposed algorithm had better EE and robustness by comparing it with the existing algorithm under perfect channel state information.