基于KANO–AHP–QFD的水果物流周转箱设计研究

目的 对水果物流周转箱用户需求进行梳理分析,将需求转化为具体设计要素、质量特性,并据此完成该类产品创新设计。方法 基于KANO模型,确定水果物流周转箱在不同应用场景下的用户需求,建立需求框架;应用层次分析法(AHP)对需求框架进行分析,建立包含权重的需求层次结构;基于质量功能配置理论(QFD),确立用户需求与质量特性关系,建立QFD质量屋;以发散性创新、聚合性优化递进方式进行水果物流周转箱设计。结果 建立了准确度和客观性高的水果物流周转箱用户需求框架及QFD质量屋,完成了合理、易用的创新设计方案。结论 对KANO、AHP、QFD方法的综合应用,能更科学地挖掘用户需求,发现产品需要改进的问题;基于综合方法设计的水果物流周转箱,能为该类产品创新提供新思路,为农业物流供应链优化提供最小单元新方案。     

基于QFD与FBS的可移动电力检测设备创新设计

目的为了客观准确地将目标用户认知需求转化为产品技术特性的设计要求,提升可移动电力检测设备目标用户认知需求满意度及明确产品创新方向,提出QFD和FBS集成的创新设计模式。方法首先,通过访谈和问卷调研获取用户需求,借助AHP法求解用户认知需求权重;其次,运用QFD法构建质量屋,明确可移动电力检测设备待改进的关键技术特性指标;最后,将用户旅程图引入FBS的功能—行为—结构展开模型中,以解决可移动电力检测设备的关键技术特性问题,指导产品创新设计。结论QFD与FBS理论的融合应用能够将用户认知需求精准转化为技术特性层面的设计要求,对可移动电力检测设备的人机、造型、功能、收纳等方面的不足提出了相应的解决方案,实现了用户认知需求与产品技术特性之间的映射转换,证明了该方法具有可行性。     

基于AHP/QFD/TRIZ理论的手机包装创新设计

本研究目的为丰富手机包装的应用,扩展使用功能,优化传统手机包装设计,满足当今用户日益多样化的需求。通过问卷调查获取用户需求,利用AHP层次分析法计算各项用户需求综合权重,通过QFD质量功能展开构建用户需求与质量特性的质量屋模型,利用TRIZ创新理论提出创新方案解决矛盾。基于AHP/QFD/TRIZ集成理论提出了手机包装创新设计方法,得到了手机包装创新方案,为相关产品的创新设计提供了思路和理论参考。     

基于QFD/TRIZ的热透灸理疗仪创新设计

目的 为提升热透灸理疗仪设计过程中技术实施的可行性和用户需求的满意度,提出一种基于QFD和TRIZ集成的热透灸理疗仪创新设计方法。方法 分析QFD在产品设计中的不足,将TRIZ与QFD进行结合,构建两种理论的集成设计模型;通过对热透灸理疗仪设计特征分析,采用问卷调查、专家访谈等方法获取用户需求,得出质量要求与质量要素之间的层次关系;运用QFD法构建质量屋（HOQ）,明确设计前期产品改进的重点方向,得出热透灸理疗仪设计的约束条件和工程因素矛盾;结合TRIZ理论描述其矛盾,并分析矛盾属性,利用相应的发明原理解决其创新设计时存在的矛盾冲突;最后基于矛盾的解决对热透灸理疗仪进行再设计。结论 结果表明,以QFD为基础、TRIZ为解决手段的设计方法提高了热透灸理疗仪设计的工程效率,可有效指导其创新设计过程。     

瓦楞纸箱包装设计需求分析映射方法

目的介绍在瓦楞纸箱包装设计需求分析中将顾客需求映射至产品关键属性的方法。方法详细分析瓦楞纸箱包装设计需求映射具体过程,即用层次分析法(AHP)对顾客需求重要度排序,运用质量功能配置(QFD)和AHP完成顾客需求重要度向产品技术需求的映射,综合完成产品技术需求向产品关键属性需求的映射。结果结合实例说明了顾客需求能够有效映射为产品关键属性。结论该方法能够达到需求映射的目的。     

基于AHP/QFD/TRIZ的景区共享代步车创新设计研究

目的 针对家庭用户使用现有景区共享代步车出现的乘坐拥挤、缺少安全防护、运营成本高、续航不足等问题,构建集成AHP/QFD/TRIZ方法的创新流程进行设计研究以获得解决方案。方法 首先,使用层次分析法拆解并量化景区代步车用户需求;其次,导入质量屋模型建立相关关系矩阵,完成从用户需求到产品设计特性的转化;最后,根据该模型识别的产品特性冲突,利用TRIZ理论进行化解。结果以创新流程结果和发明原理为依据,对代步车驾驶舱、座椅、续航、导览等方面的需求提出解决措施,并对优化后的方案进行客观合理性和主观满意度的验证评价。结论 构建了集成AHP层次分析法、QFD质量功能展开和TRIZ创新理论的产品创新设计流程,以此完成景区共享代步车设计研究,方案评价结果表明该流程导出的设计方案更符合用户需求,具备功能创新价值。     

基于QFD和TRIZ的瓦楞纸板生产线造型设计研究

目的 为了改善瓦楞纸板生产线设备的整体造型,提高操作人员的使用满意度,提出基于QFD和TRIZ的瓦楞纸板生产线创新造型设计方法。方法 通过分析瓦楞纸板生产线设备的设计现状,研究并总结用户需求。构建瓦楞纸板生产线QFD质量屋,获取瓦楞纸板生产线设备设计要素中的技术冲突,得到创新设计方向。继而应用TRIZ的三十九个通用工程参数,表达产品的技术矛盾。对照TRIZ的矛盾矩阵,获得相应TRIZ相关的发明原理,指导产品创新设计。结论 通过综合运用适合的发明原理,对瓦楞纸板生产线的造型、工作安全性、操作舒适性等方面提出了相应冲突解决方案,并将对应的发明原理演绎与具体化,进而输出了可行的瓦楞纸板生产线的造型创新设计方案,并为同类型的包装装备生产线设计提供了参考。     

基于QFD与FBS模型的坐便器多适性设计研究

目的 设计能够适应多类用户群体的多适性坐便器,让老年用户也能够平等的使用。方法 以针对一般群体的主流坐便器为设计基础,合理融入老年人群的特殊需求。运用质量功能展开（Quality Function Deployment,QFD）建立多适性坐便器用户需求与设计要求关系矩阵,确定关键设计要求的目标作为功能引入FBS（Function-Behavior-Structure）模型,最终获得坐便器结构化信息。结论 结合运用QFD和FBS模型展开的坐便器多适性设计研究,能够精确有效地将用户需求转化为设计要求,使最终的产品客观表现与用户需求之间能够精准映射匹配。同时验证了QFD和FBS融合应用的可行性和有效性。     

基于QFD-TRIZ的电热水器设计

目的 为明确电热水器产品功能要素与需求要素的对应关系,提高电热水器用户的使用满意度。方法 通过构建QFD与TRIZ的集成设计模型,使用亲和图筛选分析顾客需求,利用QFD整理顾客需求权重并构建质量屋,从而明确关键设计要素;通过TRIZ分析方法判断了质量屋中的矛盾类型后,将设计要求转换为与工程要素间的矛盾,并利用阿奇舒勒矩阵中相应的发明原理,提出了解决矛盾的方法。结果 通过模糊综合评价法筛选最优设计方案,最终的评估结果表明新的设计方案满足了实际市场用户需求的目标问题优化。结论 从用户被动发现产品零部件寿命耗尽转换为产品信息主动提示,并具备辅助用户操作的结构,提升了用户需求与产品功能的匹配度,可见质量功能展开理论与发明问题解决理论的集成设计方法对产品概念设计阶段的重要性,为之后的室内智能家电设计研究提供了参考。     

基于QFD的尘肺病家用康复产品系统设计

目的重视尘肺病患者在特殊身体机能下的康复需求,设计使用方式便捷、用户体验良好的家用尘肺病康复产品与服务系统。方法以观察法、访问法获得用户需求,通过层次分析法将患者家庭康复训练需求分为功能性、人机性和审美性3个层次,通过QFD方法将顾客需求转化为相应的技术要求,综合考虑体验、情感等要素,构建尘肺病患者家用康复产品系统的功能模型。结论从尘肺病患者的治疗方式和家庭生活方式入手,整合造型、使用、功能和界面等设计要素,构建家用尘肺病康复产品系统的功能模型,设计基于家庭生活方式的康复产品系统,减轻家人、医生的监护强度,增强患者自信心,弥补现有产品对于尘肺病康复的设计缺陷,为尘肺病患者的康复治疗与社会关爱提供新思路。     

Fuzzy multiple objective decision making approach to prioritize design requirements in quality function deployment

Quality function deployment (QFD) is a customer-oriented design tool for developing new or improved products to increase customer satisfaction by integrating marketing, design engineering, manufacturing, and other related functions of an organization. QFD focuses on delivering value by taking into account customer needs and then deploying this information throughout the development process. Although QFD aims to maximize customer satisfaction, technology and cost considerations limit the number and the extent of the possible design requirements that can be incorporated into a product. This paper presents a fuzzy multiple objective programming approach that incorporates imprecise and subjective information inherent in the QFD planning process to determine the level of fulfilment of design requirements. Linguistic variables are employed to represent the imprecise design information and the importance degree of each design objective. The fuzzy Delphi method is utilized to achieve the consensus of customers in determining the importance of customer needs. A pencil design example illustrates the application of the multiple objective decision analysis.     

Quantification and integration of Kano’s model into QFD for optimising product design

With increasing concerns on customer needs in today’s competitive market, the issue of incorporating customer requirements into product design arises the interest of both researchers and practitioners. Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a well-known methodology for customer-driven product design. However, conventionally, QFD analysis has a major challenge in understanding customer needs accurately. Kano’s model, which studies the nature of customer needs, provides a way for a better classification of customer needs. However, seldom research contributions are found in terms of integrating Kano’s model with QFD quantitatively. In this research, a novel integration approach is proposed. At first, Kano’s model is quantified by identifying relationship between customer needs and customer satisfaction (CS). Next, both qualitative and quantitative results from Kano’s model are integrated into QFD. Finally, a mixed non-linear integer programming model is formulated to maximise CS under cost and technical constraints. In this research, an illustrative example associated with the design of notebook computers is also presented to demonstrate the availability of the proposed approach.     

基于扩展QFD模型的包装机械质量成本分析

在QFD质量屋基础上提出扩展QFD模型,引入质量保证成本评价指标、质量损失成本评价指标及技术要求综合评价指标,对顾客需求转化而成的技术需求进行成本分析,为包装机械产品开发及设计人员选择和确定实际的技术特征提供科学的依据.包装机设计的应用实例表明,利用扩展的QFD模型能够快速、有效的进行产品质量成本分析.     

Proceedings Reviews

Abstract:

Quality Function Deployment (QFD) is a systematic process for capturing and integrating the voice of the customer into every aspect of the design and delivery of products and services. Understanding customer wants or needs is crucial to the successful design and development of new products and services. QFD is a system that utilizes customer demand information to design products or services that will meet a client's mission. In addition, the process prioritizes and deploys these customer-driven characteristics throughout the product or service development to meet the customer needs, wants, and expectations. QFD determines effective development targets for the prioritized product and service characteristics. The QFD process has been used and documented extensively in product development. The service industry, however, lacks in the application of this process. The purpose of this article is to show practitioners and researchers how this process, in its entirety, can be used as a planning process to link customer requirements and service characteristics in the service industry. A case study was developed in which QFD was applied to develop recommendations for the American Society of Engineering Management (ASEM) in an effort to increase customer satisfaction and to identify opportunities to improve member benefits. The results of this study are applicable to any organization to improve the design and delivery of products and service regardless of industry.     

Linking improvement models to manufacturing strategies - a methodology for SMEs and other enterprises

Small Manufacturing Enterprises (SMES) are of major importance to the future economic growth of the European Community. To sustain this role, they need support in defining their specific technological and organizational needs and in finding the right approach to respond to these needs. The main objective of the research described in this article is to develop a supporting methodology for determining the improvement priorities of SMEs through a process similar to the manufacturing strategy formulation. However, the tools and techniques proposed in this paper are of a general nature and need not be restricted to SMEs. The methodology uses Quality Function Deployment (QFD), a product oriented quality technique, to apply a contingency oriented approach to improvement priorities. The essence of the QFD method is to extract the customer needs or desires and then to translate them into technical product quality characteristics. Here, the customers are interviewees from a sample of Small Manufacturing Enterprises. We assume that the manufacturing system improvement needs stem from strategic manufacturing priorities and from concerns that express unsatisfied needs. To propagate the improvement needs from the strategic level to the action level, two QFD oriented matrices were developed. The first matrix was used to define the operating improvement needs of an enterprise while the second was used to determine its improvement priorities. Cluster analysis, a multivariate technique, identified several generic improvement models of the sampled enterprises.     

QFD optimization using linear physical programming

A new approach to quality function deployment (QFD) optimization is presented. The approach uses the linear physical programming (LPP) technique to maximize overall customer satisfaction in product design. QFD is a customer-focused product design method which translates customer requirements into product engineering characteristics. Because market competition is multidimensional, companies must maximize overall customer satisfaction by optimizing the design of their products. At the same time, all constraints (e.g. product development time, development cost, manufacturing cost, human resource in design and production, etc.) must be taken into consideration. LPP avoids the need to specify an importance weight for each objective in advance. This is an effective way of obtaining optimal results. Following a brief introduction to LPP in QFD, the proposed approach is described. A numerical example is given to illustrate its application and a sensitivity analysis is carried out. Using LPP in QFD optimization provides a new direction for optimizing the product design process.     

QFD在质检机构顾客满意度评价的运用

质量功能展开是一种顾客驱动的产品开发方法,目前广泛应用于多个领域的产品开发、质量管理的改进工作中。本研究尝试将质量功能展开方法引入质检机构顾客满意度评价工作,构建了"顾客满意度评价质量屋",建立了较完善的可数量化质检机构顾客满意度指数,形成顾客满意度指数综合评价体系。并以C所为案例进行了实测评价和改进探索。