硅的横向刻蚀技术研究

研究了SF6等离子体横向刻蚀硅的速率和对SiO2的选择性,主要通过改变SF6气体流量和加入O2,提高硅的横向刻蚀速率和对SiO2选择性。实验发现,加入O2能提高SF6等离子对Si的横向刻蚀速率和Si/SiO2的刻蚀速率比。Si的横向刻蚀速率最高可达0．45μm/min,Si/SiO2的刻蚀比可达50：1。最后提出,在一定刻蚀条件下,可增加SiO2掩膜厚度,或用金属铝作掩膜来加大Si的横向刻蚀量。     

PZT薄膜的深槽反应离子刻蚀研究

研究了锆钛酸铅(PZT)薄膜的深槽反应离子刻蚀(DRIE)技术。首先,对比了3种工艺气氛条件下(SF6/Ar、CF4/Ar和CHF3/Ar)刻蚀PZT的效果。实验结果表明,3种工艺气氛下,刻蚀速率都随功率的增加而增加。相同功率下,SF6/Ar的刻蚀速率最高;而CHF3/Ar刻蚀PZT的图形形貌最好,对光刻胶的选择比也最好。最后得出了优化的工艺条件为采用CHF3/Ar,射频(RF)功率为160 W,气体流量比为3∶4(CHF3∶Ar=30 cm3/min:40 cm3/min)时,PZT薄膜的刻蚀速率为9 nm/min,光刻胶的选择比为7。     

氮化硅的反应离子刻蚀研究

采用CHF3、CHF3＋CF4和CHF3＋O2三种不同气体体系作氮化硅的反应离子刻蚀（RIE）实验,研究了不同刻蚀气体对刻蚀速率、均匀性和对光刻胶的选择比三个刻蚀参数的影响。通过优化气体配比,比较刻蚀结果,最终获得了刻蚀速率为119nm/min,均匀性为0.6%,对光刻胶选择比为3.62的刻蚀氮化硅的优化工艺。     

CL2+SF6混合气体对Si和SiNx的离子刻蚀研究

采用统计实验方法研究了利用SF6 Cl2混合气体产生的等离子体进行Si和SiNx的反应离子刻蚀技术。在相同的输出功率和压力的条件下,将Si和SiNx的刻蚀速率和选择比表示为SF6百分比含量的函数。文中讨论了SF6含量的变化对刻蚀速率、选择比和坡度角的影响及刻蚀机理,证实了即使是SF6含量的少量改变也会对Si和SiNx的刻蚀速率、选择比和坡度角有重要的影响。并通过光谱分析来深层次地讨论刻蚀速率受SF6含量影响的原因。     

二氧化硅干法刻蚀倾角控制的工艺研究

采用反应离子体刻蚀机结合CHF,＋SF6—O2混合气体刻蚀二氧化硅的工艺研究,并且采用正交试验方法调整刻蚀参数,得出影响刻蚀倾角的主要因素是cHF3和SF6。适当增加CHF3流量有助于形成陡直的刻蚀倾角;适当增加SR流量并减小CHF3流量有助于形成乎缓的刻蚀倾角。通过对实验参数进行整体优化处理,最终实现了垂直、平缓的刻蚀倾角。为采用二氧化硅作为刻蚀掩膜以及终端结构提供了帮助。     

硅深槽ICP刻蚀中刻蚀条件对形貌的影响

以SF6/C2 H4为刻蚀气体,使用Corial200IL感应耦合等离子体(ICP)刻蚀系统,进行Si等离子刻蚀技术研究.通过调节刻蚀气体SF6与侧壁钝化保护气体C2H4的流量比和绝对值等工艺参数,对深Si刻蚀的形貌以及侧壁钻蚀情况进行改善,使该设备能够满足深硅刻蚀的基本要求,解决MEMS工艺及TSV工艺中的深硅刻蚀问题.实验结果表明,Corial200IL系统用SF6作等离子体刻蚀气体,对Si的刻蚀具有各向同性;C2H4作钝化气体,能够对刻蚀侧壁进行有效的保护,但由于C2H4的含量直接影响刻蚀速率和选择比,需对其含量及配比严格控制.研究结果为:SF6含量为40 sccm、C2H4含量为15 sccm时能够有效控制侧壁钻蚀,且具有较大的选择比,初步满足深硅槽刻蚀的条件.     

反应离子刻蚀PMMA的各向异性刻蚀研究

研究目的是优化Ni掩膜PMMA RIE的刻蚀参数，在氧刻蚀气体中加入表面钝化性气体CHF3，以较快的刻蚀速率获得垂直的侧壁和最小的掩模钻蚀。采用平行板结构的反应离子刻蚀机刻蚀，研究了刻蚀气压，CHF3/O2比率和刻蚀温度对垂直、侧向刻蚀速率和PMMA微结构形貌的影响。试验表明：当CHF3含量大于50%或O2工作气压较低时，会显著影响RV/RL比，当RV/RL比大于8时，试样呈现出完全各向异性刻蚀。     

SF6/O2气氛下Al对反应离子刻蚀Si的增强作用机理研究

通过实验和统计分析方法研究了Al在SF6/O2气体干法刻蚀Si中的增强作用机理。研究表明,Al在SF6/O2刻蚀Si中具有增强作用,而且Al的增强作用基本独立,受其它刻蚀条件的影响较小。Al对Si刻蚀速率的增强作用并非都是由于衬底温度升高所致,而是Al表面形成的AlF单原子层起到了催化作用,使SF6分解出更多的F自由基,从而提高了Si的刻蚀速率。     

O2/SF6混合气体对光刻胶的离子刻蚀研究

以O2＋SF6为刻蚀气体,在一定压力下使用RIE刻蚀机刻蚀光刻胶。通过改变功率、O2流量和SF6流量,研究以上因素的改变对光刻胶灰化速率的影响。实验结果表明：单组分O2存在下,O2流量的增加不会影响光刻胶的灰化速率。设备Plasma功率以及气体比率变化对灰化率有显著影响,并通过光谱分析对光刻胶的灰化反应机理进行了初步研究。     

Ar/CHF3反应离子束刻蚀SiO2的研究

介绍了Ar/CHF3反应离子束刻蚀和离子束入射角对图形侧壁陡直度及刻蚀选择比的影响.使用紫外曝光技术在SiO2基片上获得光刻胶掩模图形,采用Ar+CHF3来刻蚀石英基片,调节二者的流量配比,混合后通入离子源.在Ar和CHF3的流量比为12,总压强为2×10-2 Pa,离子束流能量为450 eV,束流为80 mA,加速电压220 V～240 V,离子束入射角15°并旋转样品台的情况下,刻蚀20 min后,得到光栅剖面倾角陡直度为80°～90°.同时发现,添加CHF3后,提高了SiO2的刻蚀速率和刻蚀SiO2与光刻胶的选择比,最高可达71.     

Corrosion at the Grain Boundary and a Fluorine-Related Passivation Layer on Etched Al-Cu (1%) Alloy Surfaces

After etching Al-Cu alloy films using SiCl4/Cl2/He/CHF3 mixed gas plasma, the corrosion phenomenon at the grain boundary of the etched surface and a passivation layer on the etched surface with an SF6 plasma treatment subsequent to the etching were studied. In Al-Cu alloy system, corrosion occurs rapidly on the etched surface by residual chlorine atoms, and it occurs dominantly at the grain boundaries rather than the crystalline surfaces. To prevent corrosion, the SF6 gas plasma treatment subsequent to etching was carried out. The passivation layer is composed of fluorine-related compounds on the etched Al-Cu surface after the SF6 treatment, and it suppresses effectively corrosion on the surface as the SF6 treatment pressure increases. Corrosion could be suppressed successfully with the SF6 treatment at a total pressure of 300 mTorr. To investigate the reason why corrosion could be suppressed with the SF6 treatment, behaviors of chlorine and fluorine were studied by various analysis techniques. It was also found that the residual chlorine incorporated at the grain boundary of the etched surface accelerates corrosion and could not be removed after the SF6 plasma treatment.     

聚酰亚胺微刻蚀加工工艺研究

研究了RIE刻蚀聚酰亚胺的刻蚀速率、刻蚀表面粗糙度与不同加工工艺参数(包括射频功率、腔室压力、刻蚀气体成分等)之间的相互关系。刻蚀速率与射频功率、腔室压力都呈线性关系,与气体成分的关系是低SF6含量时呈线性,高SF6含量时出现饱和。刻蚀面的粗糙度几乎不受腔室压力的影响,而射频功率高于300 W和低SF6含量时粗糙度会急剧上升。采用腔室压力40 Pa、功率275 W、O2流量80 cm3/min、SF6流量20 cm3/min,通过RIE刻蚀获得了深度为39.5μm的微腔结构,为形成柔性基底空腔以及上悬结构等提供了技术基础。此外,对柔性基底固定技术进行了研究,提出了一种有效固定聚酰亚胺膜的新工艺方法。     

ECR plasma etching of chemically vapour deposited diamond thin films

Arc jet deposited films of diamond have been patterned using Au or photoresist masks and electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) O/sub 2/ discharges. To achieve anisotropic features, additional RF-induced DC biasing of the sample is necessary. Diamond etch rates of 2000 AA/min were obtained for 1 mtorr, 400 W O/sub 2/ discharges with -80 V DC bias. The etch rates increase with either pressure or microwave power as a result of a greater density of atomic oxygen in the plasma. Chlorine (BCl/sub 3/)-based did not product significant etching of the diamond, but SF/sub 6//O/sub 2/ mixtures had slightly faster rates than O/sub 2/ alone.<>     

增强型等离子体耦合干法刻蚀条件对PR胶灰化的影响

通过改变压力、O2和SF6的流量研究干法刻蚀增强型阴极等离子耦合模式下对PR胶灰化速率、均匀性、H/V比值的影响。研究结果表明:在一定范围内随着压力的不断增大,PR的刻蚀速率逐渐增大,同时刻蚀的均匀性也逐渐变好,H/V逐渐变大;增加单组分SF6流量时刻蚀率和H/V比值均先增大后减小,而刻蚀均匀度数值有先减小后增大的趋势;增加单组分O2流量时PR灰化速率变化不明显,但刻蚀的均匀性逐渐变好,H/V比值先增大后减小;当O2和SF6的流量比例不变时,同时增加O2和SF6流量,PR灰化速率会先增加后减小,均匀性数值和H/V比值先减小后增大。     

Model‐Based Analysis of the ZrO2 Etching Mechanism in Inductively Coupled BCl3/Ar and BCl3/CHF3/Ar Plasmas

The etching mechanism of ZrO₂ thin films and etch selectivity over some materials in both BCl₃/Ar and BCl3/CHF3/Ar plasmas are investigated using a combination of experimental and modeling methods. To obtain the data on plasma composition and fluxes of active species, global (0‐dimensional) plasma models are developed with Langmuir probe diagnostics data. In BCl3/Ar plasma, changes in gas mixing ratio result in nonlinear changes of both densities and fluxes for Cl, BCl2, and BCl2⁺. In this work, it is shown that the nonmonotonic behavior of the ZrO2 etch rate as a function of the BCl3/Ar mixing ratio could be related to the ion‐assisted etch mechanism and the ion‐flux‐limited etch regime. The addition of up to 33% CHF₃ to the BCl₃‐rich BCl3/Ar plasma does not influence the ZrO2 etch rate, but it non‐monotonically changes the etch rates of both Si and SiO2. The last effect can probably be associated with the corresponding behavior of the F atom density.     

Microtrenching effect of SiC ICP etching in SF6/O2 plasma

Inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching of single crystal 6H-silicon carbide (SIC) is investigated using oxygen (O2)-added sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) plasmas. The relations between the microtrenching effect and ICP coil power, the composition of the etch gases and different bias voltages are discussed. Experimental results show that the microtrench is caused by the formation of a SiFxOy layer, which has a greater tendency to charge than SiC, after the addition of O2. The microtrenching effect tends to increase as the ICP coil power and bias voltage increase. In addition, the angular distribution of the incident ions and radicals also affects the shape of the microtrench.     

Study of etch rate characteristics of SF6/He plasmas byresponse-surface methodology: effects of interelectrode spacing

The characteristics of SF₆/He plasmas which are used to etch Si₃N₄ have been examined with experimental design and modeled empirically by response-surface methodology using a Lam Research Autoetch 480 single-wafer system. The effects of variations of process gas flow rate (20-380 sccm), reactor pressure (300-900 mtorr). RF power (50-450 W at 13.56 MHz), and interelectrode spacing (8-25 mm) on the etch rates of LPCVD (low-pressure chemical vapor deposition) Si₃N₄, thermal SiO₂, and photoresist were examined at 22±2°C. Whereas the etch rate of photoresist increases with interelectrode spacing between 8 and 19 mm and then declines between 19 and 25 mm, the etch rate of Si₃N ₄ increases smoothly from 8 to 25 mm, while the etch rate of thermal SiO₂ shows no dependence on spacing between 8 and 25 mm. The etch rates of all three films decrease with increasing reactor pressure. Contour plots of the response surfaces for etch rate and etch uniformity of Si₃N₄ as a function of spacing and flow rate at constant RF power (250 W) display complex behavior at fixed reactor pressures. A satisfactory balance of etch rate and etch uniformity for Si₃N₄ is predicted at low reactor pressure (~300 mtorr), large electrode spacing (12-25 mm), and moderate process gas flow rates (20-250 sccm)     

Characterization of Via Etching in CHF3/CF4 Magnetically Enhanced Reactive Ion Etching Using Neural Networks

This study characterizes an oxide etching process in a magnetically enhanced reactive ion etching (MERIE) reactor with a CHF3/CF4 gas chemistry. We use a statistical 2^4‐1 experimental design plus one center point to characterize the relationships between the process factors and etch responses. The factors that we varied in the design include RF power, pressure, and gas composition, and the modeled etch responses were the etch rate, etch selectivity to TiN, and uniformity. The developed models produced 3D response plots. Etching of SiO₂ mainly depends on F density and ion bombardment. SiO₂ etch selectivity to TiN sensitively depends on the F density in the plasma and the effects of ion bombardment. The process conditions for a high etch selectivity are a 0.3 to 0.5 CF₄ flow ratio and a –600 V to –650 V DC bias voltage according to the process pressure in our experiment. Etching uniformity was improved with an increase in the CF4 flow ratio in the gas mixture, an increase in the source power, and a higher pressure. Our characterization of via etching in a CHF₃/CF₄ MERIE using neural networks was successful, economical, and effective. The results provide highly valuable information about etching mechanisms and optimum etching conditions.     

基于SiCl4/SF6的GaAs/AlAs ICP选择性干法刻蚀

报道了GaAs/AlAs的电感耦合等离子体(ICP)选择性干法刻蚀,刻蚀气体为SiCl4/SF6混合物.研究了在不同SiCl4/SF6气体配比、RF偏压电源功率和气室压力下,GaAs,AlAs的平均刻蚀速率与二者的选择比.合适的SiCl4/SF6气体比例(15/5sccm),低的RF偏压电源功率和高的气室压力将加强AlF3非挥发性生成物的形成,进而提高GaAs/AlAs的选择比.在SiCl4/SF6气体比例为15/5sccm,RF偏压电源功率为10W,主电源功率为500W,气室压力为2Pa时,GaAs/Al-As的选择比达1500以上.采用喇曼光谱仪对不同RF偏压电源功率和气室压力下,GaAs衬底被刻蚀面等离子体损伤进行了测试,表面形貌和被刻蚀侧壁分别采用原子力显微镜(AFM)和扫描电镜(SEM)进行观察.     

用于LDD和SST的SiO2边墙干法腐蚀工艺研究

本文从干法腐蚀角度出发,首先从数学上分析了多晶硅角度,SiO_2边墙的宽度和高度,衬底损失与各工艺参数间的关系,指出边墙的宽度和高度分别取决于多晶硅的角度和过腐蚀量。在Tegal1512e设备上,采用Cl_2、SF_6、N_2混合气体,开发了多晶硅干法腐蚀工艺,讨论了LDD的正胶掩膜及SST的SiO_2掩膜对工艺的不同影响。SEM分析发现了SF_6气体腐蚀的各向同性。在Tegal903e设备上,采用CHF_3、SF_6、He混合气体,开发了SiO_2边墙干法腐蚀工艺,研究了腐蚀的各向异性,辐射损伤,选择比,均匀性及重复性的控制方法。取得的工艺结果为,腐蚀速率(?)_(sio_2)≈400nm/min,均匀性U≤±5％,选择比S_(f8)>10,工序能力指数C_p>1。