电火花微能脉冲电源研究现状

微细电火花加工技术近年来发展非常迅速,使得它在精密加工领域获得了广泛的应用。综述了目前国内外微细电火花加工中使用的微能脉冲电源的研究现状,对制约微能脉冲电源发展的因素进行了分析。     

一种用于微细电火花加工的甚高频微能脉冲电源

作为微细电火花加工的关键技术之一,微能脉冲电源性能的优劣直接影响放电加工的精度、效率、稳定性等。从减小放电脉冲能量、增大放电间隙、可持续加工的需求出发,探索了一种基于电路共振原理的甚高频(频率在30~300 MHz)微能脉冲电源,突破了现有电火花脉冲电源的工作模式,能产生脉宽极窄、频率极高的脉冲波形,具有纳米级放电蚀除特性,提高了微细电火花加工的极限蚀除能力。放电频率为65 MHz时,相对于传统的微能脉冲电源,加工的孔边缘几乎没有重铸层,极大地减轻了在加工过程中的热损伤、重铸层和热影响区等常规缺陷,改善了工件加工的表面质量,实验结果证明所设计的甚高频微能脉冲电源具有良好的放电蚀除特性。     

基于CPLD的多功能微细电加工电源的研制

为了解决微能脉冲电源发展中遇到的功能单一、集成度不高等问题,设计了多功能微细电加工脉冲电源.以单片机和CPLD作为微控制器,利用模块化的方法对关键模块进行设计,并运用Quartus软件对高频脉冲发生单元进行仿真,得到微细电火花和微细电化学的脉冲波形,通过对脉冲的切换实现了微细电火花和微细电化学的加工.     

低电压下微能RC脉冲电源放电波形研究

RC脉冲电源是微细电火花加工中常用的电源,低开路电压下的微能RC脉冲电源可实现更加微细和精密的电火花加工.针对低开路电压下的微能RC脉冲电源放电波形进行观测,对不同充电电容和开路电压下的充电电容两端电压、放电间隙两端电压及放电回路的电流波形进行了对比和分析.研究发现:由于回路中寄生参数的影响,充电电容两端电压与放电间隙...     

微细电火花加工可控式RC脉冲电源研究

在可控式RC脉冲电源的基础上,通过研究单个脉冲能量对加工表面质量的影响,分析晶体管开通特性,利用小电阻限流,得到超窄脉宽.通过改进RC微能脉冲电源放电主回路结构,实现了微细加工.     

基于SOPC技术的微细电火花加工电源的研究

针对目前微细电火花加工放电状态复杂、难确定和集成性不足等问题,设计了基于可编程片上系统(SOPC)技术的微细电火花脉冲电源。电源可发送加工脉冲信号,采用并行数字采集信号模块采集电压及电流信号,能判断每个脉冲的放电状态,控制伺服电机的工作,并及时切断无效有害脉冲,提高加工效率和加工精度。同时开发了电源人机交互界面,实现了电源和微细电火花加工机床的实时通讯功能。利用该电源在自主开发的多功能微细加工机床上进行微细孔加工实验,证明了所设计的电源能进行稳定高效的加工。     

微细电火花加工关键技术及工艺研究

文中基于新研发的一套微细电火花精密加工系统μEDM-50,介绍了研发过程中探索出的最小脉宽可以达纳秒级的微能脉冲电源以及一些针对微细电火花加工的特点形成的特殊工艺.微能脉冲电源具有主动消电离环节,可以减少脉间的残余电荷放电,提高加工表面质量;特殊工艺有利于提高系统的加工精度和效率,提高微细电极的安全性.最后,介绍了一些金属零件上典型的微小特征精密加工实验以及放电沉积实验.该系统加工特征的尺寸范围主要介于数十微米到数毫米内.     

防电解微能电火花加工脉冲电源设计

针对微细电火花加工的特点,设计了一种具有防电解和消电离功能,同时能提供多种放电加工模式的微能脉冲电源.重点论述了脉冲主回路的实现机理,阐述了各种加工模式,并对部分加工模式的脉冲时序进行了研究和分析.     

基于非共振固有振荡的微细电火花加工脉冲电源的研究

实现微细电火花电源微能放电并提高脉冲电源的频率一直是理想之选,但由于受到电源电阻、电容、电感自带杂散电容和杂散电感的影响,使提高脉冲电源频率遇到了瓶颈。通过对电火花放电电路和联接线路的分析,提出了依靠电火花机床和连接线路的固有振荡制作微细电火花脉冲电源。通过理论计算和电路仿真,放电电路的振荡周期可控制在1.176 ns,脉宽低于650 ps,这为皮秒级电火花脉冲电源的制作和微细电火花纳米级加工提供了理论支持。     

微细电火花加工技术研究现状概述

微细电火花加工技术是微细电加工领域中的一个重要发展方向。对该技术的国内外发展现状及其多项关键技术,包括微能脉冲电源、微细电极制作、电极损耗补偿及加工状态监测与控制,并结合中国工程物理研究院机械制造工艺研究所的研究现状进行了简要概述。     

基于主成分分析和BP神经网络的微铣刀磨损在线监测

为提高微铣刀磨损在线监测系统的预测精度,尝试通过主成分分析法对微铣削振动信号的时域和频域特征进行降维,将降维后的特征输入改进型BP神经网络模型,实现微铣刀磨损特征分类.结果表明,提出的微铣刀在线监测方法能够准确识别微铣刀的各种磨损状态,此外,和其它分类算法相比,提出的基于遗传算法的BP神经网络模型在分类精度和计算效率方...     

基于有限元法的微径铣刀变形分析

文章基于有限元法建立了微径铣刀的欧拉悬臂梁结构动力学模型,求解了不同刀头直径,不同刀头长度和不同刀柄组合的微径铣刀的固有频率,可知随着悬伸长度的减小,固有频率表现出明显的尺度效应。通过计算微径铣刀的振型及变形得知,当悬伸长度相同时,在静态作用力下,随着刀头直径的减小,刀具变形增大;在动态作用力下,刀具变形对微径铣刀的铣削频率和固有频率的平方较敏感,铣削频率离微径铣刀的固有频率越近,刀具变形越大。微径铣刀的动力学变形分析有助于研究微细铣削力、合理选择微细铣削参数、提高铣削过程稳定性,从而获得良好的加工质量。     

Development of micro milling force model and cutting parameter optimization

Taking the minimum chip thickness effect,cutter deflection,and spindle run-out into account,a micro milling force model and a method to determine the optimal micro milling parameters were developed.The micro milling force model was derived as a function of the cutting coefficients and the instantaneous projected cutting area that was determined based on the machining parameters and the rotation trajectory of the cutter edges.When an allowable micro cutter deflection is defined,the maximum allowable cutting force can be determined.The optimal machining parameters can then be computed based on the cutting force model for better machining efficiency and accuracy.To verify the proposed cutting force model and the method to determine the optimal cutting parameters,micro-milling experiments were conducted,and the results show the feasibility and effectiveness of the model and method.     

Modelling and analysis of micro scale milling considering size effect, micro cutter edge radius and minimum chip thickness

This paper presents mechanisms studies of micro scale milling operation focusing on its characteristics, size effect, micro cutter edge radius and minimum chip thickness. Firstly, a modified Johnson–Cook constitutive equation is formulated to model the material strengthening behaviours at micron level using strain gradient plasticity. A finite element model for micro scale orthogonal machining process is developed considering the material strengthening behaviours, micro cutter edge radius and fracture behaviour of the work material. Then, an analytical micro scale milling force model is developed based on the FE simulations using the cutting principles and the slip-line theory. Extensive experiments of OFHC copper micro scale milling using 0.1 mm diameter micro tool were performed with miniaturized machine tool, and good agreements were achieved between the predicted and the experimental results. Finally, chip formation and size effect of micro scale milling are investigated using the proposed model, and the effects of material strengthening behaviours and minimum chip thickness are discussed as well. Some research findings can be drawn: (1) from the chip formation studies, minimum chip thickness is proposed to be 0.25 times of cutter edge radius for OFHC copper when rake angle is 10° and the cutting edge radius is 2 μm; (2) material strengthening behaviours are found to be the main cause of the size effect of micro scale machining, and the proposed constitutive equation can be used to explain it accurately. (3) That the specific shear energy increases greatly when the uncut chip thickness is smaller than minimum chip thickness is due to the ploughing phenomenon and the accumulation of the actual chip thickness.     

整体式硬质合金微铣刀的几何结构优化与在位放电制备

基于ANSYS有限元分析软件,对微铣刀进行模态分析和应力变形分析,讨论微铣刀的刀头形状、悬伸量、刀杆直径、刀颈半锥角、刀头长径比等几何结构参数对其动力学性能的影响规律,对比D形、三角形、"一"字形等简单刀头截面形状结构及传统螺旋结构微铣刀的强度和刚度,进而获得微铣刀的几何结构优化参数。采用线电极电火花磨削的方式,在位放电制备出刀头直径约100μm、刃口锋利的D形微铣刀。     

机夹式型线铣刀刀片槽检测技术研究

机夹式型线铣刀主要用于核电轮槽加工。为了降本增效,研制该铣刀,刀体可重复利用。刀片槽决定各刀片的位置关系,对铣刀型线起决定性作用,但刀片槽的检测复杂,检测效率低下。在保证检测效率的同时,必需保证检测精度。基于Leitz Reference 600软件在三坐标测量仪上检测刀体刀片槽,研究出高效率测量该刀体刀片槽的方法;针对检测难点进行详细分析,解决了检测瓶颈,大大提高了工作效率。     

Surface finish visualisation in high speed, ball nose milling applications

High speed milling systems are capable of producing complex parts that require little or no hand finishing operations. The machined surfaces are smooth to the touch and they are within the required machining tolerances. However, the visual surface appearance of the parts can be a quality issue because the surface patina is generated by a rotating, multi-flute, ball nose milling cutter as it moves over the surface of the part. Current CAM systems provide good simulating procedures to view the overall surface geometry with swept volume procedures, but they do not consider the micro pattern pertaining to the cutting action of individual cutter flutes. The work presented in this paper addresses this consideration and assesses two new methods to satisfy the need to account for, and predict, the surface machining effects from a ball nose milling cutter.     

Dynamic rotating-tool turning of micro lens arrays

Diamond micro milling of high-quality micro lens arrays suffers from low machining efficiency, due to the inevitable milling marks along tangential feed direction and the slow spiral tool path interpolated by multiple linear axes. In this article, an advanced cutting process is proposed, namely dynamic rotating-tool (DRT) turning, in which a U-axis attachment on a rotary stage is developed to enable synchronous cutter rotation and radial feed motions of a diamond turning tool. This method is experimentally verified and compared with milling, with significantly enhanced surface quality and machining efficiency, thus bringing a new perspective into ultra-precision machining.     

Investigations of the effect of non-uniform insert pitch on vibration during face milling

In the present work optimal tooth spacing vs spectral redistribution criteria for face milling has been used as one of the methods for vibration control. A special milling cutter with non-uniform pitch has been designed and fabricated and its effect on machine tool vibration is studied. The frequency response spectrum of the machine tool is found out analytically using Finite Element Programme. The spacing between the teeth of milling cutters is found out by minimizing the total power of the relative cutter-workpiece vibration. The newly designed cutter is fabricated and tested experimentally to determine its effectiveness when compared with a standard cutter with evenly spaced inserts.     

A three-dimensional analytical cutting force model for micro end milling operation

In the present day manufacturing arena one of the most important fields of interest lies in the manufacturing of miniaturized components. End milling with fine-grained carbide micro end mills could be an efficient and economical means for medium and small lot production of micro components. Analysis of the cutting force in micro end milling plays a vital role in characterizing the cutting process, in estimating the tool life and in optimizing the process. A new approach to analytical three-dimensional cutting force modeling has been introduced in this paper. The model determines the theoretical chip area at any specific angular position of the tool cutting edge by considering the geometry of the path of the cutting edge and relates this with tangential cutting force. A greater proportion of the helix face of the cutter participating in the cutting process differs the cutting force profile in micro end milling operations a bit from that in conventional end milling operations. This is because of the reason that the depth-of-cut to tool diameter ratio is much higher in micro end milling than the conventional one. The analytical cutting force expressions developed in this model have been simulated for a set of cutting conditions and are found to be well in harmony with experimental results.