磷酸法制竹屑活性炭的生产性实验

以竹屑代替木屑为原料，利用现有连续内热式活化炉及配套设备，用磷酸法生产竹屑活性炭，其热能消耗、每吨活性炭磷酸消耗、磷酸循环使用等基本与木屑炭相当，但对乳酸等实物溶液的脱色效果优于以木屑为原料的市售活性炭。     

竹屑与煤混合制备活性炭的探讨

以竹屑和煤为原料,采用KOH活化,制备活性炭。讨论了煤与竹屑的质量比、活化剂KOH用量对活性炭吸附性能的影响。当在一定活化温度、活化时间下,煤与竹屑质量比为3∶1、活化剂与竹煤的质量比4∶1时,制备出碘吸附值为1273 mg·g-1活性炭。以竹屑和煤为原料可制备具有高吸附性能的活性炭,为竹屑和煤的充分利用寻找到一条途径。     

磷酸法竹屑活性炭制备及其表征

以竹屑为原料,利用磷酸活化法成功制备了具有高吸附性能的活性炭.通过正交实验,分别考察了磷酸浓度、炭化温度、炭化时间、活化温度及活化时间对活性炭吸附性能的影响.结果 表明,活性炭吸附性能受制备条件影响顺序为磷酸浓度﹥炭化时间﹥炭化温度﹥活化温度﹥活化时间;最优工艺为:磷酸溶液比重为45°Be(婆美度),炭化温度200℃,...     

磷酸法制备竹活性炭及其对氨氮吸附的研究

以竹屑为原料,利用磷酸活化法制备了对氨氮废水有高吸附性能的活性炭。分别考察磷酸浓度、浸渍比、浸渍时间和炭化温度等制备条件对活性炭吸附性能的影响。结果表明,较优工艺为：磷酸浓度40%(质量百分率)、浸渍比1︰2.5、活化时间10h、炭化温度650℃。氨氮的吸附条件为温度25℃、pH≥8,吸附时间20 min,氨氮的吸附容量4.3 g/g活性炭。     

生物质竹屑活性炭磺酸官能化固体酸催化剂的制备

以竹屑为原料,经高温炭化、微波磺化接枝等步骤制备具有酸催化功能的竹屑活性炭磺酸,通过FTIR、TG、DTA对其进行了分析,并测定了其催化性能。结果表明,在炭化温度为560℃、炭化时间为3 h、微波活化时间为30min的最佳条件下,所制得竹屑活性炭磺酸的酸量为0.847 mmol.g-1,酯化催化效果接近于Amerlyst-15磺酸树酯,稳定性好,是一种良好的新型固体酸催化剂。     

活性炭的制造方法和设备

本发明是关于木屑、木片等植物原料制造活性炭的方法和设备。历来,活性炭的制造方法和设备,通常采用先制造木屑炭或木炭,再制造活性炭的*方式。本发明的特点是在制造木屑炭的过程中就可以得到优质的活性炭,产量比历来高’2—4倍,生产装置效率高、投资省。其方法是把含磷酸的物质溶于相当于磷酸量数倍.至数十倍的水中,然后和木屑、木片等植物原料混合,充分干燥后,在200—1000℃的温度下烘烤。     

化学法不定型活性炭试验研究

介绍以木屑为原料 ,采用氯化锌法在平板活化炉上生产不定型活性炭的工艺过程 ,并就生产中锌屑比和炭、活化温度、时间等对产品的吸附性能进行了试验性探讨     

生产工艺参数对磷酸法活性炭亚蓝值的影响

为了解磷酸法活性炭生产过程中工艺参数的变化对活性炭产品吸附性能的影响,收集了贵州某活性炭企业一段时间的生产工艺参数及相对应的活性炭亚甲基蓝吸附值数据,采用正态分布分析及线性拟合方法对收集的数据进行分析处理。结果表明,木屑含水率、酸屑比、转窑炉头温度三个参数对活性炭产品亚甲基蓝吸附值影响最大。其中,木屑含水率最优区间为7%～8%,酸屑比最优区间为1.55～1.88,转窑炉头温度最优区间为550～650℃。     

生物质活性炭的制备及吸附性能研究

以木屑为原料,磷酸为活化剂,通过单因素实验,研究了原料种类、预处理方式、液固比、活化温度对生物质活性炭得率和吸附性能的影响。结果表明,影响生物质活性炭得率和吸附性能最重要的因素是磷酸溶液与木屑的液固比和活化温度;得到了活性炭最佳制备条件:液固比7、50℃搅拌3 h、450℃活化2 h。该条件下制备的生物质活性炭得率达到40%以上,对湛江松脂加工废水COD降低值在7700 mg/L以上。该活性炭具有较好的吸附性能,为农林废弃物木屑的高效利用提供了有效途径。     

用磷法生产木屑活性炭

介绍江西省新岗山活性炭石用磷酸法制取木屑活性炭，已形成规模化生产，解决了灰分问题和磷酸消耗问题。     

木醋液体外抗氧化活性评价

对比了白桦、杂木、木屑以及蒸馏木屑4种木醋液的还原能力,二苯基苦基肼自由基(DPPH·)的清除能力和羟基自由基(·OH)的清除能力。结果表明,4种木醋液有较强的还原能力,其中还原能力最强的是木屑木醋液,半数有效浓度(EC₅₀)为(1.73±0.06)g/L;4种木醋液可有效清除DPPH·,木屑木醋液清除效果最佳,半数抑制浓度(IC₅₀)为(0.20±0.01)g/L;4种木醋液的·OH清除能力相对较弱,除木屑木醋液IC₅₀为(9.69±0.20)g/L外,其他3种木醋液清除率均未达到50%。     

Mechanical and Morphological Studies of Rubber Wood Sawdust-Filled UPR Composite Based on Recycled PET

Rubber wood sawdust fillers were mixed with unsaturated polyester matrix, which was prepared by recycling of PET waste from soft drink bottles, to prepare rubber wood sawdust/UPR composite. PET wastes were subjected to recycle by glycolysis and depolymerized to its monomer and dimmer. The glycolysed product was used to prepare unsaturated polyester resin. The FTIR analysis has been done on the resin and the glycolysed product. The resin then mixed with rubber wood sawdust fillers before and after alkali treatment with 10% NaOH. The effect of surface treatment and filler content on the mechanical properties and water absorption of the composite were studied. The tensile fractured surfaces of the composites were studied by Scanning Electron Microscopic (SEM) technique to investigate the interfacial bonding between the matrix and the filler. The results show that the tensile modulus increased with increasing filler contents. In addition, the results show that alkali treatment causes a better adhesion between rubber wood sawdust and UPR matrix and improves the mechanical properties.     

Animation of Wood Sawdust for Removing Anionic Dyes from Aqueous Solutions

Inexpensive and efficient cellulose-based adsorbents were prepared by the reaction of cross-linked polyethylenimine (CPEI) with an agricultural waste (i.e., wood sawdust). Factors affecting the extent of amination, such a CPEI concentration, pH, time, and temperature of reaction as well as sawdust particle size range, were studied. The obtained adsorbents were found to be highly effective for removal of anionic dyestuffs (i.e., direct, reactive, and acid dyes) from aqueous solutions. The presence of CPEI on and/or within the purified sawdust provides cationic active sites (i.e., amino groups) and enhances the substantivity of wood cellulose for anionic dyes, thereby improving the percent color removal.     

锯木屑在超临界水中气化制氢过程的主要影响因素

以锯木屑混合羧甲基纤维素钠（CMC）为反应原料,利用连续管流反应器,在反应器外壁面温度稳定在650 ℃条件下,对反应压力在17.5～30 MPa,反应停留时间在14.4～50 s,浓度范围为4%～9%（质量分数）的湿生物质浆液进行了超临界水气化制氢实验研究,讨论了气化过程的主要参数压力、温度、反应停留时间以及物料浓度对气化结果的影响.锯木屑在超临界水中接近完全气化,生成气体产物的主要成分是H₂、CH₄、CO、CO₂以及少量的C₂H₄和C₂H₆,气化产物中的H2含量可以超过40%.同时,实现了气化反应液体产物的循环利用.     

利用木屑与木质素制仿木复合材料的研究

以木屑和黑液木质素为原料,加入废旧聚丙烯塑料和相容剂马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯MAH-G-PP,经搅拌混合、造粒、螺杆挤出而制得仿木复合材料。当混合料总量为100份时,木粉和木质素的加入量均为混合料质量分数的30%,废旧聚丙烯塑料为35%,相容剂为5%时,其抗压强度和抗拉强度分别为22.4和7.3 MPa。     

Performance of treated hybrid fiber reinforced-thermoplastic composites under extreme conditions. IV. Use of glass fiber and sawdust as hybrid fiber

The mechanical properties and dimensional stability of hardwood aspen in the form of sawdust and surface-treated glass fiber-polystyrene composites were evaluated under various extreme conditions, e.g., variation in the testing temperature (from +25° to ?20°C), exposure to boiling water and heat in an oven at +105°C. The compatibility of wood fiber with glass fiber and with polystyrene improved by precoating the wood fiber with a coupling agent, e.g., 8% isocyanate, 4% silane and polymer. The mechanical properties of the composites, in particular, treated sawdust/glass fiber-filled composites, increased under extreme conditions in comparison with those filled with nontreated sawdust/glass fiber. Under the same conditions, dimensional stability also supports this observation.     

On adhesion mechanisms and interfacial strength in acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene/wood sawdust composites

Adhesion mechanisms and interfacial strengths of acrylonitrile–butadiene–styrene (ABS) copolymer/wood sawdust composites containing two different silane coupling agents [3-Methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KBM503) and N-2(aminoethyl)3-aminopropyl trimethoxysilane (KBM603)] were studied using the Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) technique and mechanical testing. The results suggested that increasing wood sawdust content tended to increase the modulus of the composites, but decreased the strength of the composites. Concentrations of 1.0 wt% KBM503 and 0.5 wt% KBM603 were recommended for the optimization of the mechanical properties of the composites, respectively. Up to the recommended dosages, KBM603 was more effective in terms of the improved interfacial strength of the composites. The adhesion mechanism performed by KBM503 involved dipole–dipole interaction at the ABS/sawdust interface, whereas that by KBM603 was associated with covalent chemical bonds at the interface. The improved interfacial strength of the composites was reduced by the increased amounts of wood sawdust particles.     

New aspects in cationization of lignocellulose materials. IV. Modification of aspen wood meal with quarternary ammonium groups

Trimethylammonium-2-hydroxypropyl (TMAHP) derivatives of aspen wood were prepared by the reaction of wood meal with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammoniumchloride (CHMAC) in alkaline medium. The TMAHP sample was fractionated and yields and exchange capacities (Q) of individual fractions were compared with beech sawdust fractions obtained under the same conditions. The most evident difference between the two studied wood types was the higher yield (14.5% of starting material) of water-soluble TMAHP–hemicelluloses obtained from aspen wood.     

Emissions from sawdust in packed moving bed dryers and subsequent pellet production

This study quantifies emissions of hydrocarbon terpenes from the drying of sawdust in packed moving bed dryers, through the production chain to the finished pellets, and determines the parameters suitable for emission control. The terpene content in softwood sawdust and pellets was analyzed using gas chromatography. The distribution of VOC emissions over the bed was measured with a flame ionization detector. After drying, 30–40% of the initial terpenes remain in the wood, 20–30% remain after grinding, and 10–15% remain after pelleting. Dryer emissions correlate with residence time and final sawdust moisture content. Pellet press emissions correlate with pellet moisture content.     

Studies on cellulase from trichoderma reesei and its effect on pretreated cellulosic materials

The stability of locally produced cellulase from T. reesei was studied. The enzyme solution was stable at temperatures up to 45°C over which a gradual inactivation occured until 55–60°C. A rapid loss of enzymatic activity was observed over 60°C and complete inactivation occurred at 70°C after only 1 h. The maximum enzymatic saccharification was obtained at 50°C and pH 6.5. The pretreatment of cellulosic wastes, bagasse, and sawdust from soft and hard wood was carried out in different solvents, chloroform, dioxan, dichloroethane, ethylacetate, and ethanol, for 8 h. These treatments increased the susceptibility of the cellulosic wastes to enzymatic saccharification. The bagasse was highly affected, followed by the sawdust from soft and hard wood, respectively.