浮动凹模主动径向加压的筒形件拉深研究

提出了一种浮动凹模主动径向加压的工艺方法,分析了凸凹模夹紧坯料在拉深过程中的力学特点,说明了该方法能提高板料成形能力的技术关键,以带法兰的筒形件拉深为研究对象,运用LS-DYNA对采用该工艺方法和常规拉深进行有限元模拟并比较,结果表明,该工艺方法的拉深效果是显著的。     

铝合金车门把手磁脉冲成形工艺中贴模性能研究

目的 研究铝合金在磁脉冲成形后零件轮廓的形状偏差与工艺参数之间的关系,分析形状偏差形成原因.方法 开展螺旋线圈不同放电能量下的汽车车门把手零件的成形实验,并采用光子多普勒测速系统(Photonic doppler velocimeter,PDV)测速,利用Dyna/EM模块建立的数值模型,主要从电磁力的分布、应力波的传...     

Numerical analysis of plastic deformation of a circular sheet metal subjected to transverse impact loading

Based on the concept of Tensor Code a numerical method is presented for analysis of the plastic deformation process of circular sheet metals subjected to transverse impact loading. In the solution process, the equation of motion is solved explicitly with finite difference method in a series of small time steps over a Lagrangian mesh of zones. Using this method, a code has been developed and utilized for investigation of the deformation behavior of an explosively loaded circular sheet metal under various conditions. Deformation characteristics of a sheet under rectangular and triangular pressure distributions are discussed. It is shown that when these simple distributions are combined with each other, their individual effects on the deformation behavior are also combined in the deformation process. Effects of shape and duration of pressure pulse as well as boundary conditions have been explored. Moreover, results of the numerical simulation have been compared with those of theoretical solution and experiments reported by other researchers. Good agreements between them show the validity of the developed code.     

JBZ-B型自动纸杯成型机杯壁成型机构及虚拟样机研究

杯壁成型机构是全自动纸杯成型机完成纸质杯杯壁成型的主要机构,为确保其工作可靠和纸质杯杯壁成型质量,运用虚拟样机技术,建立了JBZ-B型自动纸杯成型机杯壁成型机构的三维实体模型,并对其进行了运动仿真。分析了杯壁成型机构在不同工作状态下的运动特性,以及对纸质杯杯壁成型质量的影响,为产品质量控制提供了参考依据。     

板厚对08Al薄板单点渐进成形中成形极限的影响

目的 针对渐进成形中成形极限测量难的问题,提出一种新的评定成形极限方法.方法 选用08Al为实验材料,通过模拟和实验相结合的方法,研究不同板厚下成形极限角和减薄率的关系,提出利用成形极限角和最大减薄率2个参数组合的方法判断薄板的成形极限,并通过数控实验验证提出方法的准确性,分析板厚对单点渐进成形工艺成形极限的影响.结果...     

Rapid forming of superplastic aluminium alloy 5083

Abstract

Decreasing the cycle time significantly for forming the commercially available superplastic aluminium alloy 5083 has been achieved. Forming results and conditions are compared with previous relevant works which are actually scarce. A circular cup having a depthdiameter ratio of 1:2 can be formed in 70 s. This ratio requires flat sheet to be stretched in area by up to three times, which should be large enough when dealing with actual industrial sheet forming. On average, the thickness is decreased by two-thirds; in fact, the thickness distribution is not uniform and the gradient is concentrated at the wall of the cup. The location of minimum thickness in rapid forming is different from that in conventional forming. Disregarding the traditional approach, the pressure-time profile employed in this work was not restricted to yield the so called optimum strain rate, which is usually low. Following the same processing profile, but proceeding in stages of partial forming, a series of progressive forming configurations was obtained in order to analyse the strain rate path leading to the successful rapid forming. For a specimen processed at 500C, the maximum volume fraction of cavities is 4 existing at the location of minimum thickness.     

多点成形时工艺方式与工件压痕的关系研究

多点成形是一种先进的制造技术,但其成形特点与传统的冲压成形方式相比具有很大差别.本文采用有限元数值模拟手段针对多点成形过程中产生的压痕现象以及消除压痕的措施进行探讨,主要是对比多点模具成形和多点压机成形两种不同工艺,分析不同成形工艺条件下对压痕的影响.本文用显式动力学软件对1mm与3mm厚度的马鞍型曲面件进行数值模拟,结果表明,在相同条件下,用多点模具工艺成形的板材比用多点压机工艺成形的板材压痕深度大3-15倍,而且在成形过程中出现压痕的时间早.多点压机成形方式比多点模具成形方式具有成形效果好,缺陷少(可以减小或消除压痕和起皱等缺陷),并且有利于板材的流动,能够得到更大的变形量.     

渐进成形不同热辅助工艺对制件微观结构影响的研究进展

渐进成形作为一种先进的柔性成形技术获得了当今学者的广泛关注,然而传统渐进成形工艺难以对室温环境下整体延展性较差的板料进行加工成形,研究人员提出的不同类型热辅助工艺可以通过提高板料温度环境进而有效改善上述问题。对热辅助渐进成形体系进行了简要概述,按照渐进成形加热方式的不同将热辅助工艺分为热介质加热、电辅助加热、热辐射加热和其他方式加热4个大类,在此基础上综述了不同学者在热辅助渐进成形工艺方面的学术成果,并基于不同类型的热辅助工艺,结合微观层面总结了温度对板料成形性的影响。在热渐进成形加工过程中,材料处在多场耦合作用的复杂情况下,其中热场是导致板料微观组织变化的主要原因,辅助工艺提供的额外热源有利于材料组织发生演变,最终显著改善了材料的成形性,进而提高了零件的成形极限。最后,针对不同类型的热辅助方式在供热范围与温度均匀性等工艺方面不尽相同的问题,作出了简要评价。     

曲面柔性轧制装置设计与成形工艺分析

采用曲面柔性轧制方法可以实现三维曲面板类件的连续、柔性成形,为了验证该方法的可行性,本文基于曲面柔性轧制原理,设计出成形装置并研究了装置关键部件工作辊的驱动方式,驱动方式可以分为单端与双端两种;进行相关成形实验并对曲面柔性轧制成形工艺进行了分析,探讨了成形过程.结果表明:一次调形成形工艺适用于小变形量情况,成形质量好,效率高;渐进调形成形工艺,以小的压下量逐渐使板料成形,在一定程度上可以消除板料边缘皱褶,减小回弹,利于板料成形;理论上讨论了实时调形成形工艺,该种工艺将会提高成形自动化与效率.对成形件进行了成形精度与厚度分布研究,表明成形效果良好,验证了曲面柔性轧制成形方法的可行性与实用性.     

金属丝网的毛坯设计

针对工业用过滤产品--过滤杯的形状及工艺条件,建立网格模型,设置成形参数,使用dynaform软件模拟其板材拉深成形的过程,通过网格数量、形状的变化,成形极限图和厚度变化图,分析比较了金属丝网与板材的性能差别.结果表明:金属丝网没有塑性变形,只有丝网的弯曲和畸变,实际成形中存在着严格的方向性.设计出了冲压金属丝网的毛坯形状.     

Numerical analysis of superplastic blow forming of Ti–6Al–4V alloys

The superplastic blow forming of a Ti–6Al–4V sheet into a cylindrical cup has been numerically analysed based on the actual forming process using ABAQUS. A detailed element type study has been performed to eliminate the element dependency in the finite element analysis. The accuracy and reliability of the proposed finite element model has been validated in comparison with experimental data. The validation proves that, there is a good agreement between the simulation and the experiment. In addition, the best prediction of the thickness distribution can be obtained using the continuum element. Furthermore, the effects of major factors such as friction coefficient and the strain rate sensitivity index upon the optimum forming pressure-time and thickness distribution of the component have been studied systematically using the proposed finite element model.     

Numerical study on the deformation behaviors of the flexible die forming by using viscoplastic pressure-carrying medium

The flexible die forming (FDF) of sheet metal with the aid of viscoplastic pressure-carrying medium (VPCM) is one of the advanced forming technologies for forming complex sheet metal components with large plastic deformation. The technology has been used in industries by employing different VPCMs, the epistemological understanding of the deformation and process behaviors of this process, however, has not yet been fully addressed. In this paper, numerical study is conducted to look into the deformation behaviors of this process by explicit 3D-FE simulation under the ABAQUS platform, in which the counter pressure variations of VPCM is applied via user subroutine VDLOAD and the ductile fracture criterion is implemented by using VUMAT. Three case study parts, viz., barrel, conic and parabolic parts with large Limit Drawing Ratio (LDR) are studied. The comparison between the conventional deep drawing (CDD) and VPCM-based FDF is conducted in terms of wall-thickness reduction, hydrostatic pressure, principal stress distribution and damage factor. The uniqueness and the deformation behaviors of the VPCM-based FDF are then highlighted. The simulation results show that the higher VPCM pressure could result in the higher hydrostatic pressure throughout the process and further resist wall thinning and prevent fracture of the sheet metal. The formability is thus increased significantly.     

铝/钢薄板无铆连接接头成形过程及形貌控制

目的 研究铝/钢薄板无铆连接过程中接头形貌的影响因素。方法 采用有限元模拟方法分析了铝/钢薄板在平底模具下接头形貌的成形过程。结合变形区域的金属流动情况,解释了互锁结构的形成机理,并分析了不同工艺参数对接头形貌的影响。结果 接头互锁结构主要是依靠铝板填充钢板的凹陷部位而形成的,抑制钢板与模具接触一侧的金属流动有助于接头底部和侧壁的钢板拉薄,进而形成内部凹陷,促进互锁结构的形成。摩擦因数对接头形貌参数影响较大,增大摩擦因数可显著提高接头的互锁量。结论 冲头半径、冲头圆角、凹模深度以及摩擦因数对颈厚值和互锁量均有显著影响。通过控制这些影响因素,可以得到良好的接头。此外,接头的失效形式以铝板颈厚较薄处的剪断失效为主,因此对于采用铝上钢下的无铆连接,保证颈厚值相对于互锁量更加重要。     

Isothermal Gas Forming of Mg Alloy AZ31 Sheet

There have been reports on sheet forming of Mg alloy in industry via the punch and die method;this paper is probably the first formal one for studying the sheet formability of AZ31 employing pressurized gas to press the sheet into a female die cavity at various elevated temperatures.The results indicate it is feasible to form a rectangular box via pressurized gas from extruded sheets of 0.5 and 1.7 mm thick.The formed box has 1:2 depth over width ratio,which should be large enough when dealing with realistic industrial sheet forming parts.Presently,forming a sheet of 0.5 mm thick is considered a technical challenge by industry,and it is conquered as demonstrated in this paper.Gas forming technique applied to Mg alloy is unprecedented and shows potential for industrial utilization.     

双相钢激光拼焊板温成形拉深性能分析研究

板料的温塑性成形方法已经得到广泛使用,可以运用到双相钢激光拼焊板成形中以提高其成形性能。以盒形件为分析对象对双相钢激光拼焊板的温拉深性能进行了研究,通过温单拉实验、盒形件温拉深过程的有限元模拟与实冲实验以及金相实验,分析了双相钢激光拼焊板由常温到500℃各个温度下的力学性能与拉深性能。结果表明:成形温度对双相钢激光拼焊板温拉深影响比较显著,在400～500℃温度范围内进行温成形,能获得较好的成形性能。     

运输支板成形仿真及模具设计

目的运输支板的曲线边较长,在钣金翻边过程中易开裂,为提高模具设计的合理性,避免重复试模、返修以及设计失败的风险,开展有限元仿真研究。方法使用仿真软件Pam-Stamp,并与模具实物、产品试验件相结合,确定单动压边、双动压边翻边两次成形工艺,并优化参数、设计新模具。结果新设计的模具经过产品试验件生产,无开裂问题,目前已用于正式产品生产。结论仿真结果的成形趋势与实际生产基本符合。在选择工艺、工装设计方案时,仿真结果具有较高的参考价值。     

Research of Stamp Forming Simulation Based on Finite Element Method

We point out that the finite element method offers a great functional improvement for analyzing the stamp forming process of an automobile panel. Using the finite element theory and the simulation method of sheet stamping forming, the element model of sheet forming is built based on software HyperMesh,and the simulation of the product′s sheet forming process is analyzed based on software Dynaform. A series of simulation results are obtained. It is clear that the simulation results from the theoretical basis...     

A simplified approach for incorporating thickness stress in the analysis of sheet metal forming using shell elements

A simplified scheme for considering the thickness stress of shell elements induced by contact is presented which improves the accuracy of sheet metal forming analysis. The yield function formulated on the basis of plane stress conditions is modified to incorporate the effect of transverse normal stress induced by contact forces acting on shell elements and return mapping routine is used to update in‐plane stresses at each time step. The transverse normal stress distributions in the thickness direction are determined using the analytic solution of the cylindrical tube under the internal pressure. As numerical examples, uni‐axial compression, bi‐axial tension and bending tests are treated. The problem of cylindrical cup drawing is also calculated. Each result is compared with the results obtained by the analysis using ABAQUS continuum elements. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Design and manufacturing of a human standardised hip cup out of titanium

Background: In recent years, the use of hip prostheses has become a routine procedure. Despite this experience and good clinical results different complications arise which have a negative influence on the lifetime of prostheses. Especially the migration or loosening of the hip cup prosthesis due to strain adaptive bone remodelling is still a problem. Patient‐individual prostheses represent a possible solution to this problem. Individual hip cups, however, are just implanted for the treatment of massive deformities or tumours. This study aimed at developing an innovative concept for the production of patient‐specific human hip prostheses made of titanium plates by sheet metal forming. Methods: For the realisation of this innovative concept, a reproducible design method for the generation of standardised human hip cup prosthesis was generated based on 13 original human geometries. By means of this methodology a hip cup was designed. Based on this design a human hip cup was produced by a developed high‐pressure sheet metal forming process. The development of the process was accompanied by a numerical preliminary design. Results: A comparison between the simulation and the fabricated hip cup leads to a standard deviation of 0.404 mm. Furthermore, an implantation of the prosthesis in a synthetic bone model shows a satisfactory fit accuracy at the edge of the prosthesis. Conclusion: The high‐pressure sheet metal forming process is suitable to manufacture the designed standardised hip cup. However, further optimisation is necessary.