MODIFICATION OF ASPHALT BY CHEMICAL TREATMENT WITH SULPHUR

The Theological properties of asphalt of different chemical compositions were assessed after treating them with sulphur at various reaction conditions. To correlate the observed alterations in the physical properties of the products with changes in the chemical composition, a study on model compounds was conducted to throw some light on this issue.     

化学法改性克拉玛依沥青研究

针对克拉玛依沥青难以改性，产品稳定性差等问题，本研究采用化学改性法，对比分析了4种基质沥青在改性前后的元素组成、红外光谱、族组成、分子量的变化以及SBS改性沥青的常规性质的差异。结果表明：相对于物理改性，化学改性不仅显著降低了SBS改性沥青的反应温度，而且还提高了SBS改性沥青的高温性能。     

废橡塑复合改性沥青的研究

以克拉玛依基质沥青为原料、废旧橡胶粉和废旧聚乙烯为改性剂,通过单因素实验对基质沥青进行改性,制备了废橡塑复合改性沥青;采用差示扫描、扫描电镜及红外光谱等手段对制备废橡塑复合改性沥青进行表征。结果表明:制备高储存稳定性改性沥青,改性剂及助剂的最佳添加量(w)为:废胶粉15%、废聚乙烯4%、蒙脱土3%、糠醛精制抽出油2%;助剂的加入使得改性剂与沥青之间的溶胀程度加强,改性剂在沥青中的分散更为均匀。     

CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ASPHALT USING THERMAL CHROMATOGRAPHY WITH MASS SPECTROMETRY

ABSTRACT

We have delineated similarities and differences in chemical composition among neat asphalt samples obtained from the Strategic Highway Research Program (SHRP) Materials Reference Library in Austin, TX, and oxidized materials prepared by SHRP contractors using thermal chromatography (TC). This unique method for disassembling complex materials for analysis using precise temperature programming in a controlled and well characterized environment was combined with flamie ionization detection (FID) and with gas chromatographic (GC) separation and mass spectral (MS) detection. Our TC/FID analyses provided thermal profiles of materials under study-quantity of evolved species as a function of temperature--, while our TC/MS studies allowed structures to be assigned to the various components evolved from the asphalt matrix. Distinct differences among neat samples and between neat samples and their oxidized counterparts were easily discerned, both in comparisons of thermal profiles and of compound-specific identifications of components     

添加剂对渣油的改性研究

针对中国石油乌鲁木齐石化公司1号常减压蒸馏装置减压渣油残炭高、流动性差、易生焦的特点,以甲基丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯、马来酸酐丙烯酰胺为原料,过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂,通过溶液聚合的方法合成新型的渣油添加剂,并对减压渣油进行了改性,探究渣油与添加剂作用后残炭量、流变性质以及四组分的变化情况,同时分析了添加添加剂前后渣油焦化反应结果。结果表明:渣油添加剂能够降低渣油的残炭,改变其低温流动性,提高渣油胶体体系的稳定性;加入渣油添加剂后,焦化反应后焦炭产率降低2.60百分点,液体收率增加2.06百分点,液体产物中汽油质量分数增加25.4百分点、柴油和蜡油质量分数分别降低17.7百分点和7.7百分点。     

CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ROADWAY ASPHALT

The condition of ten roadways constructed between February 1983 and Hay 1984 has been evaluated with respect to distortion, cracking, raveling, rutting, and overall condition. These observations have been correlated with laboratory measurements of rheological and chemical properties of the refinery liquid from which the roadway was made. Rheologic parameters include penetration, ductility, and viscosity. Chemical measurements include elemental analyses, fractionation into asphaltenes, oils, and resins, infrared and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, molecular size of asphalt components by high performance liquid chromatography, and solvent solubility     

独山子沥青改性研究

采用均匀设计法安排试验，通过加入不同比例的树脂类聚合物及橡胶类聚合物对独山子炼油厂的沥青进行了改性。研制出了符合交通部“八五”攻关专题建议的重交通道路石油沥青技术要求的改性沥青产品，并建立了数学模型，可以对目的产品进行预报。     

CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF ROADWAY ASPHALT

ABSTRACT

The condition of ten roadways constructed between February 1983 and Hay 1984 has been evaluated with respect to distortion, cracking, raveling, rutting, and overall condition. These observations have been correlated with laboratory measurements of rheological and chemical properties of the refinery liquid from which the roadway was made. Rheologic parameters include penetration, ductility, and viscosity. Chemical measurements include elemental analyses, fractionation into asphaltenes, oils, and resins, infrared and C-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, molecular size of asphalt components by high performance liquid chromatography, and solvent solubility     

多环芳烃污染土壤的化学氧化处理研究

以国内某焦化企业场地多环芳烃污染土壤为研究对象，研究了过硫酸钠作为氧化剂时，硫酸亚铁或次氯酸钠助剂的使用对修复效率的影响，同时通过对比阐述了硫酸亚铁及次氯酸钠在过硫酸钠氧化体系中的不同作用。结果表明：微量硫酸亚铁对过硫酸钠氧化土壤中多环芳烃起到催化作用，可显著提高多环芳烃去除效率；次氯酸钠可与过硫酸钠协同使用，达到共氧化的目的。     

偶联官能化SBS改性沥青的制备及其热储存稳定性评价

选用一种新型的偶联官能化SBS,成功制备热储存稳定性良好的改性沥青,考察了SB段相对分子质量和偶联率对改性沥青性能的影响。结果表明：官能化SBS上的极性基团易与基质沥青中的极性基团相互作用,形成更有效的网状结构,从而使官能化SBS与基质沥青具有良好的相容性,改善了沥青的热储存稳定性和热性能;当SB段相对分子质量控制在6.5?104左右、偶联率在75%以上时,改性沥青性能最佳。     

EVALUATION OF ASPHALT BY NON-CONVENTIONAL TECHNIQUES

A number of bitumens of different origin, type, and composition (straight run, visbroken, blown, aged, rejuvenated and rock asphalts) were compared to show how non-conventional techniques may be used in solving practical problems relating to pavement performance properties, and in recognizing bitumens of different origins. Such techniques include differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) in addition to the traditional tests. It is possible to obtain correlations which connect NMR or DSC parameters to the severity of the process by which VB bitumens were obtained.     

重晶石表面化学改性进展

重晶石的沉降是加重钻井液在钻井过程中经常遇到的问题，危害性较大，化学改性可以提高重晶石在钻井液中的悬浮性，从而提高钻井效率，本文对重晶石化学改性的，进展情况作了综述。     

重晶石表面化学改性进展

重晶石的沉降是加重钻井液在钻井过程中经常遇到的问题，危害性较大。化学改性可以提高重晶石在钻井液中的悬浮性，从而提高钻井效率。本文对重晶石化学改性的机理、进展情况作了综述。     

胶粘剂调合生产重交道路沥青

介绍了一种生产重交道路沥青新工艺,即沥青胶粘剂调合生产重交道路沥青工艺,该技术是依据氧化沥青工艺的本质,即吹风氧化过程中有效正反应--活性组分钝化和氧化缩合反应而开发的,所采用的多功能ZYC沥青胶粘剂由数种有机和无机化合物复配而成,将胶粘剂与沥青调合即可得到合格的产品.该工艺已在齐鲁分公司成功应用,因具有操作简便、运行费用低、无污染等优点,已成为该公司重交道路沥青生产尤其是小批次生产的重要补充手段.     

二氯二甲基硅烷改性纳米二氧化硅工艺研究

以纳米二氧化硅为原料,乙醇为溶剂,二甲基二氯硅烷为改性剂,水为改性助剂,采用湿法工艺对纳米二氧化硅表面进行了改性研究,分别探讨了改性剂用量、预处理温度、预处理时间、回流温度、回流时间、改性助剂种类及用量对纳米二氧化硅表面改性效果的影响。较佳工艺条件为:二甲基二氯硅烷用量15%,预处理温度120℃,预处理时间50 min,回流温度130℃,回流时间50 min,水用量4%。并通过对纳米二氧化硅表面羟基数的测定验证了纳米二氧化硅的改性效果。     

油浆调合沥青SBS改性研究

催化裂化油浆富含芳香分,是理想的道路沥青调合组分。以SBS为改性剂、油浆和渣油调合沥青作为基质沥青制备SBS改性沥青,利用FCC油浆蒸馏所得馏分油作为相容剂对SBS进行预溶胀,同时利用蒸馏所得的残油调节改性沥青的针入度,并对油浆调合SBS改性沥青的性能进行评价。结果表明：催化裂化油浆蒸馏馏分油对SBS具有较好的溶胀能力,经过溶胀后SBS的分散性能显著改善,直接利用机械搅拌即可获得分散均匀、储存稳定的SBS改性沥青;当SBS用量为4.5%（w）时,油浆与渣油的调合沥青通过机械搅拌工艺可制备出符合JTG F40—2004标准的SBS改性沥青。     

木质素表面活性剂及木质素磺酸盐的化学改性方法

介绍了利用造纸工业的主要副产品木质素制取表面活性剂以及对木质素磺酸盐的几种有效的化学改性方法与产品应用途径 ,给出了用木质素改性制备水煤浆添加剂的实例。     

A~2/O工艺处理高盐化工废水的研究

采用A~2/O工艺作为高盐污水处理的主要生化工艺,替代原有的纯氧曝气工艺是可行的。在运行过程中,经过一段时间的污泥驯化、投加菌种等过程,出水比较稳定,能耐一定的冲击负荷。运行管理及处理效果均较纯氧曝气法有一定优势。     

INTERACTION OF ASPHALT WITH GROUND TIRE RUBBER

This study characterizes the interaction of asphalt cement with ground tire rubber (GTR) using rheological tests, chemical characterization tests, settling and rubber dissolution tests. Curing time and temperature, mixing rate, rubber mesh size are important factors that affect the rubber depolymerization rate. The obtained high cure asphalt-rubber binders are homogeneous, compatible and have non-detrimental viscosity at hot-mix temperatures, while still being viscous and elastic at rutting temperatures and less stiff at cold temperatures than base asphalt.     

化学剂抑制及解除蒸汽吞吐中的油层损害

重点讨论了稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐及蒸汽驱开采过程中出现的地层损害及油井产能损害的各种情况。提出注蒸汽开采的油藏不仅存在着蒸汽对岩石的港蚀作用形成的地层损害，同时存在着沥青一胶质沉积形成的储集层损害、稠油乳状液的油层损害等。详细介绍了蒸汽吞吐芳普遍存在的几种油层损害的类型及其室内研究方法。作为一个特殊例子，针对辽河高升油田蒸汽吞吐后期（即3轮次以上多轮次吞吐）情况下地层存水量较多、地层压力较低的特点，预测了这种特殊油藏条件下可能同时存在蒸汽溶岩损害、沥青一胶质及乳状液损害和水锁损害等。室内实验研究探索了综合性消除这几种地层损害以恢复油层渗透串的方法；提出了对蒸汽吞吐共中出现的各种地层损害的综合性解堵措施；研制出ZHJ系列综合解堵刘，并已在高升油田进行了现场试验，初步见到一些解堵效果，目前仍在不断探索更有效、更经济可行的配方及工艺技术。