共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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用流变学方法研究了pH对油酸钠/盐酸三乙胺(NaOA/Et3NHCl)蠕虫状胶束溶液流变性质的影响。通过稳态剪切和动态流变实验发现,30℃时,NaOA(0.12 mol/L)/Et3NHCl(0.2 mol/L)溶液在pH=8.20~9.40循环变化时,pH对溶液黏度的改变具有\"开关\"效应,可实现黏度在3~27 649 mPa·s时反复变化3次以上。体系在pH=8.55~9.02时为蠕虫状胶束,其流变行为符合Maxwell模型。这种溶液流变性对pH的响应行为是由于pH对反离子Et3NH+与NaOA的相互作用影响而产生的。当pH降低时,反离子Et3NH+的离子势增大,导致胶束表面电荷密度降低,蠕虫状胶束进一步增长。当pH=8.64,胶束因相互吸引而析出。而在初始条件下,升高pH=9.40,反离子Et3NH+从胶束中解吸出来,蠕虫状胶束受到破坏。 相似文献
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以富勒烯生产过程中的副产物炭灰为原料,利用酸回流法制备了表面含有羧基的碳量子点(CQDs)。将所制备的CQDs代替传统有机酸,发现其与十四烷基二甲基氧化胺(C_(14)DMAO)在水溶液中能形成蠕虫状胶束。考察了CQDs质量浓度、pH等对蠕虫状胶束流变性质的影响。结果表明,CQDs质量浓度的增加和溶液pH值的降低均有利于蠕虫状胶束的形成。利用低温透射电镜可以原位地观察到蠕虫状胶束和CQDs的存在。CQDs外围-COOH解离出的H~+可以使C_(14)DMAO质子化为C_(14)DMAOH~+,而C_(14)DMAOH~+与C_(14)DMAO之间形成的氢键是蠕虫状胶束形成的主要驱动力。以上结果表明,CQDs可以有效地诱导C_(14)DMAO形成蠕虫状胶束。 相似文献
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物理刺激响应型蠕虫状胶束是指在光、温度、磁场、超声等物理因子刺激下,微观结构发生明显改变的蠕虫状胶束体系。相比于化学刺激因子如pH、CO2、氧化还原剂,物理刺激因子具有非侵入性、可远程操控、环境友好等诸多优点,更加契合当代绿色环保发展理念。本文论述了各类物理刺激响应型蠕虫状胶束的构筑策略、响应机制及流变性质,并阐述物理刺激响应型蠕虫状胶束的应用进展及取得成果。分析表明,目前物理刺激响应型蠕虫状胶束的研究主要侧重于体系构建和基础理论层面,构筑方式仍以低效率的试错法为主,而相关应用开发还处于实验室阶段。因而,未来物理刺激响应型蠕虫状胶束的开发应注重与大数据模拟、机器学习等人工智能技术的结合,探索出物理刺激响应型蠕虫状胶束的高效、低廉、规模化合成方法,并深入探究其在现场实施中的性能变化与响应特性,为其规模化生产与应用提供理论依据和技术支撑。 相似文献
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粘弹性蠕虫状胶束具有特殊的微观结构,其流变性能在不同领域具有重要的应用。本文介绍了表面活性剂构筑的蠕虫状胶束的结构特点、应用及研究现状。传统离子表面活性剂构筑蠕虫状胶束通常需要一些外加作用,Gemini表面活性剂因其结构优势,可以自身形成蠕虫状胶束。 相似文献
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以阳离子三联表面活性剂双(2-羟基-二亚甲基醚)-α,ω,γ-三(十六烷基二甲基氯化铵)(TrimerC16)为主剂,水杨酸钠(Na Sal)为有机反离子,氯化钠(Na Cl)为无机反离子,制备了阳离子蠕虫状胶束体系。利用电导率-表观黏度法研究了TrimerC16的相行为,考察了不同有机反离子Na Sal、苯甲酸钠(Na BENZ)及甲酸钠(Na FM)对TrimerC16克拉夫特温度(Tk)的影响,通过动态流变手段研究了TrimerC16/Na Sal/Na Cl的流变行为,并采用表观黏度法考察了温度(T)及剪切时间(ts)对该体系表观黏度(ηa)的影响。结果表明:TrimerC16的临界囊泡浓度(CVC)为0.015 mmol?L?1,临界胶束浓度为0.042mmol?L?1;三种有机反离子对TrimerC16的Tk影响大小顺序为:Na SalNa BENZNa FM;剪切速率(r′)为100 s?1时,TrimerC16/Na Sal/Na Cl体系的黏度仍高达70 m Pa·s;T=100℃时,转速为50 r?min?1下,TrimerC16/Na Sal/Na Cl体系的ηa为61.8 m Pa?s,而同一测试条件下,相同摩尔浓度的单链表面活性剂胶束体系的ηa已接近水的黏度。TrimerC16/Na Sal/Na Cl蠕虫状胶束体系耐较高温、耐剪切且破胶彻底。 相似文献
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以阴离子表面活性剂芥酸钾(KEU)与有机反离子三羟乙基苄基氯化铵(BTHEAC)通过自组装形成的蠕虫状胶束为主要研究对象,苯乙烯与N,N-孪尾取代丙烯酰胺(DiCnAM)为可聚合单体,偶氮二异丙基咪唑啉盐酸盐(VA-044)为引发剂,在一定温度下,合成了系列增溶单体并聚合的蠕虫状胶束,通过黏度法研究了该合成条件对蠕虫状胶束表观黏度的影响。结果表明,当单体增溶并聚合后,蠕虫状胶束表观黏度显著增大。当苯乙烯的浓度为0.02mol/L、摩尔比n(KEU):n(BTHEAC)=5:3、n(苯乙烯):n(DiC8AM)=5:2时,合成的蠕虫状胶束表观黏度最大,为1320mPa·s,明显大于KEU/BTHEAC蠕虫状胶束的表观黏度,且耐温性能良好。 相似文献
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评价了脂肪酸烷醇酰胺表面活性剂AF的界面张力和乳化性能,利用岩心驱替实验对其提高采收率效果进行了研究。结果表明,在模拟地层水的矿化度为5 119.63 mg/L时,AF浓度为0.2%~1.2%,其界面张力均能达到超低值;NaCl浓度为0.4%~2%,AF有效浓度为0.3%~0.6%时,体系的界面张力均能达到10-3mN/m数量级。AF具有较好的乳化原油的能力,在浓度为0.5%时,形成的O/W乳状液的稳定性最强,液滴粒径最小。岩心驱替实验表明,AF表面活性剂可在水驱基础上提高原油采收率20%以上,提高采收率效果明显,具有良好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Qing You Yan Zhang Huan Wang Hongfu Fan Jianping Guo Ming Li 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(12):28146-28155
Wormlike micelles are typically formed by mixing cationic and anionic surfactants because of attractive interactions in oppositely charged head-groups. The structural transitions of wormlike micelles triggered by pH in ionic liquids composed of N-alkyl-N-methylpyrrolidinium bromide-based ILs (ionic liquids) and anthranilic acid were investigated. These structures were found responsible for the variations in flow properties identified by rheology and dynamic light scattering, and account for the structures observed with cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM). High-viscosity, shear-thinning behavior, and Maxwell-type dynamic rheology shown by the system at certain pH values suggested that spherical micelles grow into entangled wormlike micelles. Light scattering profiles also supported the notion of pH-sensitive microstructural transitions in the solution. Cryo-TEM images confirmed the presence of spherical micelles in the low-viscosity sample and entangled wormlike micelles in the peak viscosity sample. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy analysis revealed that the pH sensitivity of ionic liquid systems originated from the pH-dependent binding ability of anthranilic acid to the cationic headgroup of ionic liquids. 相似文献
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De''an Xiong Zhenping He Yingli An Zhe Li Huan Wang Xi Chen Linqi Shi 《Polymer》2008,49(10):2548-2552
Multilayered micelles with a polystyrene (PS) core, a swollen poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)/poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) complex shell and a poly(4-vinyl pyridine)-block-poly(isopropyl acryl amide) (P4VP-b-PNIPAM) block-copolymer corona was synthesized by complexation between PNIPAM53-b-P4VP109 block-copolymers and the PS120-b-PAA47 diblock-copolymer core–shell micelles in ethanol due to the hydrogen bonding between the AA units and 4VP units. The surface of the micelle has been modified and a temperature sensitive block PNIPAM was introduced into the corona of the micelles. After being dialyzed against acidic water, PNIPAM corona would collapse onto the PAA/P4VP shell and the excessive P4VP shell would extend into the acidic solution to form the corona reversed micelles when the micelle aqueous solution was heated to 45 °C. The whole process was performed using dynamic light scattering (DLS), static light scattering (SLS), atom force microscope (AFM) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). 相似文献
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在液-液萃取过程中,提高分散相的表面更新速率可有效提高萃取的传质效率.研究发现,在萃取过程中使用气体搅拌可以增加液液之间的接触面积,促进液相内的湍动和循环.据此,本文在气-液-液萃取条件下对不同填料的传质性能进行了测定.实验表明,通入气相后分散相液滴呈现稳定的“油包气”空心状态,这种结构大大降低了分散相液滴的传质层厚度,减小了传质距离,极大地强化传质效率.在适宜气速下,气-液-液萃取效率较传统萃取效率提高20%~40%.通过与散装填料对比,发现规整填料更利于强化萃取效果,传质效率提高约50%. 相似文献
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M. A. P. Morgado J. M. S. Cabral D. M. F. Prazeres 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》1995,63(2):181-189
The hydrolysis of egg yolk lecithin was studied as catalysed by porcine pancreatic phospholipase A2 (phosphatide 2-acyl-hydrolase, EC 3.1.1.4) entrapped in reversed micelles of lecithin and sodium dioctyl sulphosuccinate (AOT) in isooctane. The influence of relevant parameters such as temperature, pH, water content, and buffer, AOT, lecithin, calcium and enzyme concentrations was investigated. The order in which the reactants were mixed showed a strong influence on catalytic activity. Higher activities were obtained if the enzyme, water and calcium were first solubilized and pre-equilibrated in plain AOT reversed micelles before the addition of the substrate. Maximum activity was obtained at 750 mmol dm?3 calcium in the water pool of the micelles, which is an extremely high concentration when compared with the values reported in the literature. This was related to the formation of divalent chelates of calcium with AOT that compete with the binding of the co-factor to the enzyme. Accordingly, the optimum concentration of calcium in the inner core of the micelles decreased from 750 to 500 mmol dm?3 when the AOT concentration was lowered from 15 to 10 mmol dm?3. 相似文献
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针对辽河油田区块的油藏条件,在室内进行了无碱二元驱和弱碱三元驱提高原油采收率的研究。对3种表面活性剂SL-YD、HL-1、BH进行了筛选,优选出了对该地层原油具有最佳降低界面张力效果的表面活性剂SLYD和HL-1;然后与聚合物PAM复配,组成二元体系,最佳配方为0.16%PAM+0.20%SL-YD;最后筛选得出了弱碱三元体系0.16%PAM+0.15%SL-YD+0.30%Na2CO3。室内实验表明,无碱二元体系和弱碱三元体系可以使油水界面张力降到10-3mN/m以下,可以大幅度提高原油的采收率,增幅超过10%。 相似文献