氨基磺酸系高效减水剂对水泥的分散作用研究

研究了氨基磺酸系新型高效减水剂ASP对水泥净浆的分散作用机理。对照商品萘系高效减水剂FDN，研究了掺加减水剂后水泥胶粒的ζ电位及水泥颗粒对减水剂的吸附量。结果表明，掺加ASP和FDN后水泥颗粒的ζ电位基本相同，而ASP在水泥颗粒的吸附量较FDN的小，ASP对水泥的良好分散作用是由静电斥力和空间位阻共同作用的结果。ζ     

梳型聚羧酸高效减水剂的合成和应用性能述评

介绍了梳型聚羧酸高效减水剂合成研究及对水泥应用上的高分散性能。梳型聚羧酸高效减水剂分为甲基丙烯酸类共聚物和马来酸酐类共聚物,介绍了合成梳型聚羧酸高效减水剂的主要组分大分子单体的制备、聚合和合成结构的控制方法。综合国内外的研究成果简要介绍了聚羧酸混凝土高效减水剂分子结构和性能的关系、测试和表征方法、对水泥颗粒的分散机理等。     

聚醚侧链聚羧酸类减水剂的结构及应用性能

通过大分子反应,合成了一类主链带羧基、磺酸基,支链带聚氧乙烯基醚的聚羧酸系高效减水剂。利用IR和1H NMR表征了其结构,并通过对减水剂溶液表面张力、水泥颗粒表面吸附量以及溶液的电导率的测定,发现研制的减水剂能降低水的表面张力,并被吸附在水泥颗粒表面从而降低了水泥颗粒的表面能,使得水泥净浆有较好的分散作用,实验表明本研究制备的聚羧酸系减水剂对水泥颗粒有较好的分散作用。     

水泥基体系中聚羧酸系高效减水剂的化学结构对其性能的影响(英文)

研究了不同结构的聚羧酸系高效减水剂对水泥净浆性能的影响。以马来酸酐和烯丙基聚氧乙烯醚为主要单体,采用自由基聚合方法合成了3种不同分子结构的减水剂。用Fourier变换红外光谱表征减水剂分子的结构。此外,用水泥净浆扩展度、量热测试和吸附率测试分析减水剂对水泥净浆性能的影响。结果表明:具有较低侧链密度、中等电荷密度和最高相对分子质量的减水剂分子表现出最佳分散性能和在水泥颗粒上的最高吸附率,因此具有最强的缓凝作用。     

氨基磺酸盐高性能减水剂的合成及应用

以对氨基苯磺酸、苯酚和甲醛等为原料,设计并合成了一种氨基磺酸盐减水剂。研究了原料摩尔比、反应温度和反应时间等工艺参数对产物塑化效果的影响规律,并测试了掺加以最佳工艺合成而得的氨基磺酸盐减水剂(sulphonated aminophenol based plasticizer,ASP)的净浆和混凝土的各项性能。结果表明：与常用的萘系高效减水剂相比,ASP除具有更强的分散性外,其与水泥适应性较强,对混凝土坍落度损失的控制能力十分理想,是一种高性能减水剂,特别适合于大流动性高强混凝土的配制。     

以氨基磺酸为磺化剂合成三聚氰胺系高效减水剂

以三聚氰胺(M)和甲醛(F)为原料,氨基磺酸(A)为磺化剂,合成了M系高效减水剂。探讨了反应物配比、反应温度、反应时间和体系pH等对M系高效减水剂分散性能的影响。研究结果表明:当n(M)∶n(F)∶n(A)=1∶5∶1.7,羟甲基化阶段的反应温度为70℃、反应时间为1.5 h和pH为8.5,磺化阶段的反应温度为90℃、反应时间为3 h和pH为12,酸性缩聚阶段的pH为6、反应温度为90℃和反应时间为1 h,碱性重整阶段的反应温度为60℃、反应时间为1 h和pH为8.5时,合成的减水剂具有良好的综合性能;当w(减水剂)=0.5%(相对于水泥质量而言)时,减水剂的分散性能良好,水泥净浆初始流动度达245 mm;当w(减水剂)=0.6%时,混凝土的减水率达到13.8%且具有较高的坍落度保持率。     

氨基磺酸系高效减水剂合成工艺探讨

通过对氨基苯磺酸、苯酚、甲醛三元单体在低浓和高浓条件下共缩聚反应,合成了氨基磺酸系高效减水剂。并对两种产品进行水泥净浆流动度及其经时损失值测试。在相同共聚单体配比情况下,采用相同合成工艺,比较和分析反应浓度对产品分散性能的影响。采用变浓工艺,合成了性能得到较大改善的低浓氨基磺酸系高效减水剂。在不降低性能的前提下,使其成本大大降低。     

新型高效混凝土减水剂的研究进展

文章简要回顾了近年来的新型高效混凝土减水剂研究现状,阐述了包括多环芳烃、氨基磺酸、聚羧酸及改性木质素磺酸盐等几种主要类型的新型高效减水剂的合成技术、性能特点及应用现状,结合目前国内高效减水剂的研究现状,展望了高效减水剂的发展方向,认为开发减水率更高、性能更优异、经济性更好的新产品是今后高效混凝土减水剂发展的主要方向.     

氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂研究现状与发展趋势

详细介绍了氨基磺酸盐高效减水剂的分子结构及性能特点;国内外氨基磺酸系高效减水剂的研究及应用现状.并且从作用机理入手探讨了氨基磺酸系高效减水剂的合成方法及发展趋势.     

氨基磺酸系高性能减水剂的改性研究

介绍了氨基磺酸系高性能减水剂的改性合成工艺.通过对反应的初始浓度、第四单体的加入量、反应温度、投料顺序和速度等条件进行控制,合成出一种改性的氨基磺酸系高性能减水剂ASN.其合成产品进行水泥净浆流动度及混凝土性能实验,结果表明,改性的氨基磺酸系高性能减水剂ASN除具有很高的分散性.且生产成本降低.     

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水的治理技术

乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)是十分重要的化工中间体,其下游产品较多。江苏某化工厂开发生产乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品三十多个,年生产规模三万多吨,是国内以乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)为中间体生产精细化学品的综合骨干企业。针对乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品废水特点,该厂结合企业实际,开展了产品优化,结构调整,清洁生产,资源循环利用,节水降耗等工作,从源头削减了污染物的生产。同时投资二千多万元新建预处理装置三套,6000m3/d废水生化处理装置一套,使全厂乙烯酮(双乙烯酮)下游产品的废水得到了有效的治理。     

几种乙炔加压设备性能的比较

阐述并比较了几种加压设备在乙炔加压清净过程中的性能和特点。     

三种煤样燃烧热的测定

本文通过三个厂家提供的三种煤样燃烧热的测定,由测定结果综合得出3号煤样燃烧最完全、燃烧热也最大,是三个煤样中最好的一种。     

Semi-empirical equation of state of metals. Equation of state of aluminum

A semi-empirical equation of state for metals is described. Its capabilities are demonstrated by the example of the equation of state for aluminum. New experimental data are presented on the location of the isentrope of aluminum for unloading from the state at p = 229.71 GPa on the shock adiabat to an aerogel (SiO₂) of density 0.08 g/cm³. __________ Translated from Fizika Goreniya i Vzryva, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 61–75, March–April, 2008.     

水泥水化热测定方法综述

水泥水化热是中、低热水泥和核电工程用水泥的一项关键的技术指标。全球范围内测定水泥水化热的方法有溶解法、直接法/半绝热法、等温传导量热法三种。本文总结了中、美、欧相关方法标准,对其测试原理、仪器设备、试验过程等方面进行了比对,并对其在领域的应用做了简单的概括。     

小议汽车涂装工艺设计对涂装成本的影响

论述了涂装工艺设计对涂装设备投资、涂装生产成本的影响。     

Measurement of the gradient of viscosity with composition of mixtures of non-ideal gases

A perturbation viscometer is a differential capillary viscometer that measures the logarithmic viscosity gradient of the viscosity-composition curve for gas mixtures. Measurements are made at different gas mixture compositions. Integration of the logarithmic viscosity gradients measured over the full composition range gives the mixture viscosity relative to the viscosity of one of the pure components of the gas mixture. This method is attractive because, for measurements of equal precision, integration of the gradients is potentially an order of magnitude more precise than measurement of the viscosities directly. It can also work at high and low temperatures and perhaps high pressures.The perturbation viscometer has been used to make measurements on ideal gas mixtures at ambient and elevated temperatures. The situation is more complicated when the gas mixtures are non-ideal. Extra effects due to density differences, molar volume change on mixing and differential thermal expansion may be measured in addition to the desired viscosity change producing systematic errors in the results. Thus, a more sophisticated apparatus is required. The standard perturbation viscometer has been modified to separate out the extra effects to permit measurement of the true change in viscosity. In addition, the theoretical operation of the modified apparatus has been revised to account for the design changes to permit calculation of the viscosity-composition profiles from the results.The apparatus has been tested using helium-HFC-125 mixtures and two new viscosity-composition profiles are presented for these mixtures at 23 and . Internal consistency tests have been used to confirm that the data produced are of high quality with an estimated uncertainty in the viscosity ratio data at of 0.9% and at of 1.5%.     

Calorimetric and Computational Study of Enthalpy of Formation of Diperoxide of Cyclohexanone

A thermochemical rather simple experimental technique is applied to determine the enthalpy of formation of Diperoxide of ciclohexanone. The study is complemented with suitable theoretical calculations at the semiempirical and ab initio levels. A particular satisfactory agreement between both ways is found for the ab initio calculation at the 6–311G basis This set level. Some possible extensions of the present procedure are pointed out.     

塔设备改造选型的分析

就当前扩产增容中塔设备设计和改造时板式塔和填料塔的选型问题加以分析。在评述目前国内常用的几种塔板和新型填料之后，着重介绍一种新型塔板（导向梯形浮阀塔板）和一种新型填料（波环填料——乾隆帕克）。     

Effect of degree of deacetylation of chitin on the properties of chitin crystallites

In the present article, chitin from crab shell was systematically deacetylated using a NaOH treatment with control of the reaction time. The degree of deacetylation, monitored using solid-state NMR, revealed that the reaction was pseudo-first order. Based on this, swollen and NaOH-saturated particles are proposed as the reaction system. The weight loss of the partially saponified and neutralized samples after HCl hydrolysis increased linearly with the degree of deacetylation. The crystallinity of the samples was found to increase after acid hydrolysis. According to conductimetric titration, the surface charge density of the crystallites, after acid hydrolysis, was found to increase with base treatment time. The effect of surface charge on the formation of a chiral nematic phase, due to the rodlike nature of the crystallites, was explored. These results show that because the contribution of charged particles to the ionic strength was significant the double layer compression was affected, especially since the surface charge density was close to the Manning limit. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 65:373–380, 1997