提高2500m3高炉热风温度的实践

高风温是高炉提高喷煤比、节能降耗、降本增效的有效措施.不锈钢分公司炼铁厂2500m3高炉在采用提高热风炉拱顶温度、提高废气温度、助燃空气与煤气双预热、富氧烧炉、全关混风闸阀等多项技术外,近年来.采取热风炉富氧烧炉、掺烧高热值转炉煤气、增加换炉次数缩短烧炉送风周期等措施提高风温.近几年高炉风温不断提高,2006年2500m3高炉月平均风温达到1158℃,最高达到1195℃.     

天铁高炉高风温技术应用实践

对高炉采取了一系列技术措施来提高高炉风温,通过应用热风炉冷风和烟气的合理分配、烟气余热回收技术以及自动烧炉和富氧烧炉等技术,并对风温提高后的配套设施进行了改造,2007年厂高炉平均风温达1167℃,改善了高炉技术经济指标,节能降耗效果显著.     

昆钢6号高炉提高风温的措施

昆钢6号高炉热风炉在全烧高炉煤气的情况下,能为高炉提供1120℃的高风温。提高风温的主要措施有:加强热风炉操作,使用快速烧炉法烧炉,加强设备维护,对设备进行改进,采用换热器对助燃空气和煤气进行预热等。     

昆钢6号高炉提高风温的措施

昆钢6号高炉热风炉在全烧高炉煤气的情况下，能为高炉提供1120℃的高风温。提高风温的主要措施有：加强热风炉操作，使用快速烧炉法烧炉，加强设备维护，对设备进行改进，采用换热器对助燃空气和煤气进行预热等。     

韶钢6号高炉提高风温技术实践

根据高炉生产实践,结合顶燃式热风炉的操作特点,对如何提高风温措施进行归纳总结。通过强化热风炉操作管理、提高烧炉自动化水平、稳定高炉炉况、提高高炉富氧率等措施,实现了高炉平均风温1 200℃的目标,达到国内风温使用先进水平。     

一种热风炉烧炉的方法

热风是高炉最廉价、利用率最高的能源。根据经验,热风温度每提高100℃,焦比降低20kg／tFe,生铁产量提高4％。2004年,500～999m^3全国高炉平均风温为1069℃,许多处于炉役后期的高炉,其风温远远低于该水平。热风炉作为供给高炉热风的装置,在其烧炉、换炉、焖炉及送风过程中,烧炉是决定风温高低的关键环节。目前,国内外高炉提高风温的措施主要有,配用高发热量煤气、预热助燃空气和煤气、改变热风炉内部结构等。现行方法的不足之处是,设备较复杂,且必须在高炉大修或者具备较长休风时间的条件下,才能改造实施。对处于炉役中后期的高炉,采取以上措施来提高风温,在生产中不现实,因此,处于这种生产条件下的高炉,使用风温处于较低的水平,不利于改善高炉技术指标和经济效益的提高。     

1300℃高风温技术在首钢京唐公司5500m3高炉的应用

通过采取优化高炉煤气系统工艺流程、配置BSK顶燃式热风炉和预热炉、煤气和助燃空气双预热、强化高炉富氧操作和优化热风炉烧炉参数等措施,首钢京唐公司5500m^3高炉热风炉系统实现了在全烧高炉煤气的情况下为高炉提供1300℃风温的目标。同时,通过采取改善原料条件、提高顶压、稳定理论燃烧温度、加大矿批和规范炉内操作等措施,使高炉经济技术指标得到明显改善。     

首钢京唐1号高炉1300℃风温应用实践

对首钢京唐1号高炉(5500m~3)1300℃风温应用实践进行了总结。通过采取优化高炉煤气系统工艺流程、配置BSK顶燃式热风炉和预热炉、煤气和助燃空气的双预热、优化热风炉烧炉操作等措施,实现了在全烧高炉煤气条件下能够为高炉提供了1300℃风温。并通过采取改善原料条件、提高顶压、稳定理论燃烧温度、加大矿批、规范炉内操作等措施,使1号高炉实现了1300℃风温操作,改善了技术经济指标,燃料比降低到481 kg/t。     

提高柳钢4号高炉风温的技术措施

柳钢4号高炉配置了4座大型顶燃式球式热风炉。通过采取富化焦炉煤气烧炉、更换使用新型耐火球、优化球式热风炉操作工艺、杜绝高炉风口直吹管发红烧穿现象、提高高炉接受高风温的能力等有效措施,高炉入炉风温由1064℃提高到1200℃左右,最高可达1220℃。     

热风炉智能烧炉系统改造工程

潍坊特钢炼铁厂为了提高热风炉烧炉系统性能,在热风炉智能烧炉系统中进行"机组附加机器人"改造工程。采用智能控制取代人工控制,改造实施后,可实现自控率≥95%,燃气消耗量减少7%以上,提高风温14~℃以上。现1~#高炉已改造完成,2~#高炉正在改造。预计两座高炉共计可实现效益4092余万元。     

1969 C.P.A. Institute.

Presents the program for the C.P.A. Institute entitled "The Role of Counseling Services on the Contemporary Campus." The Institute was held on June 2-3, 1969. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Laudatio: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. Dres. h. c. Heinz H?fner

During the course of a year, there are many healthcare workers nationwide who sustain sharps injuries whilst carrying out their duties. Staff who work in the Accident and Emergency (A & E) units are no different from anyone else in this respect. The emotional cost of such an accident cannot be calculated, whereas the financial costs can. This article aims to show how the cost of an injury to a member of staff can be calculated, thus allowing a manager to assess the financial implications of sharps injuries to their department. In the absence of access to an Occupational Health (OH) department, most A & E units have to respond to sharps injuries to healthcare workers in the hospital. This task must be attended to by the medical staff as well as the nursing staff of the A & E unit. Within the following text the appropriate responses and methods to ensure uniformity of response are discussed. The tables and the calculation figures shown are taken directly from the information held in the St James's University Hospital Trust's OH department. All calculations are based on the middle band of the salary scale for each discipline. Accurate costings for each member of staff injured cannot be shown in this article, but the general principle is laid down and can be easily followed for any situation.     

Rats, Man . . .

Comments on the article by Richter entitled "Rats, Man, and the Welfare State" (see record 1960-02810-001). The commenter notes that in his article Richter did not indicate how hereditary and environmental factors were controlled. In comparing the hereditary survival characteristics of wild versus domesticated rats, it would be essential that the environmental influences on the survival characteristics of the wild rats should be ruled out. Another factor to be considered is that the wild state may offer a diet and other environmental influences, which in the life of a single individual would produce organic changes, accounting for some of the differences between wild and domestic rats. It would seem that the most effective way to determine the hereditary differences between wild and domestic rats would be to create a wild group, composed solely of the offspring of wild rats. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The blood-brain barrier. I. Histology. Physiology. Embryology. Transport

The concept of blood-brain barrier (bbb) arose in the beginning of the 20th century after report that the dyes injected intravenously did not appear in the brain. The idea and definition of bbb has been changed many times since then. We present current opinion concerning bbb, its histology, embryology, ultrastructure and function on the ground of a review of the recent literature.