治理高炉炉底跑煤气的实践

分析了宣钢2#高炉炉底跑煤气的原因及特点,并采取了炉体压浆封堵技术进行了治理。在保证高炉炉体金属外壳无裂缝漏点的前提下,利用塑相密封理论,在炉体内壳处压入高炉塑性密封材料,完全充填炉皮与冷却壁间的空隙及煤气窜漏通道,有效治理了炉底跑煤气问题,保证了高炉的安全生产和炉缸的长寿。     

安钢7号高炉炉底温度上升的治理实践

安钢7号高炉在2010年9月～11月期间,炉底温度持续升高,最高达到842℃,严重影响到高炉的安全生产和经济效益。通过采取炉底穿管加强炉底冷却,炉底灌浆封堵煤气跑窜等措施,解决了炉底温度升高的问题,并把炉底温度控制在合理范围内。     

芜湖新兴铸管1号高炉炉基上涨的治理

芜湖新兴铸管1号高炉出现炉基明显上涨,炉底漏煤气现象,严重影响到生产安全和各项生产指标的提升。究其原因,主要是炉底耐热基墩中活性CaO和MgO含量高,原燃料锌负荷和碱金属偏高。通过对炉底封板进行改造并用灌浆料密封,填充炉皮与冷却壁间的煤气窜漏通道等措施,炉基上涨、炉底漏煤气的问题得到了有效治理,主要技术经济指标也有明显改善。     

酒钢7号高炉炉底密封板开裂原因探析

对酒钢7号高炉炉底密封板开裂原因进行了探讨分析.7号高炉开炉2年后,炉底密封板开裂,裂缝宽度15～50mm,煤气泄漏严重,生产期间多次采取补焊、打围带架筋板、灌浆等措施,以减缓炉底密封板开裂及煤气泄漏,但未能彻底解决炉底密封板开裂问题.停炉后,重点对炉底密封板开裂原因进行了调查分析,认为高炉内衬耐材膨胀、风口带设计及选...     

济钢1号高炉炉役后期的护炉操作

1 概况 济钢二铁厂1号高炉(120m~3)大修改造后于1995年6月投产,开炉时炉基温度即达到400℃以上。因炉底无冷却和长期冶炼低硅生铁,炉基温度上升较快,从1998年下半年开始,温度上升更加迅速,到1999年2月,炉基温度已达到890℃,给高炉安全生产带来隐患。经研究决定,对1号高炉实施特护,以确保高炉安全稳定生产。1号高炉先后采取了炉基打孔通水冷却,配加钒钛矿(球)护炉,发展边缘煤气流等措施,延长高炉寿命2     

安钢高炉生产和炉体破损调查研究

安钢2座380m^3高炉第一代炉役经济技术指标相差较大。结合大修前炉体破损情况,对这2座高炉第一代炉役生产中出现的问题进行调查研究,认为7号高炉在应用大型模块和炉腰冷却壁设计上存在不足,高炉边缘气流发展,操作炉型不合理,炉况不顺;7号高炉炉底温度偏高是炉底炭砖渗铁造成的,6号高炉炉底温度偏高是炉底串煤气所致;7号高炉铁口失常的主要原因是铁口组合砖损坏严重和该部位炉壳开裂,并提出了改进建议。     

高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀模型的开发及应用

用有限元法建立了高炉炉缸炉底侵蚀推测二维模型，可在线提供高炉炉缸炉底温度场及侵蚀线图，为高炉安全生产，实现高炉长寿和炉缸炉底的结构参数优化设计提供了依据。     

宁钢2号高炉炉役后期炉底温度异常升高的控制

对宁钢2号高炉炉底温度异常升高后采取的控制措施进行了总结。在炉役后期,2号高炉炉底温度整体明显上升,并出现越往下温度越高且水温差不高的异常现象,炉底温度最高时达到726℃。为此,采取了控制冶炼强度、提高铁水温度、降低炉渣碱度、钛矿护炉、优化煤气流分布等措施,调整了开口机角度和炉底软水流量,加强了炉底灌浆,使炉底温度逐步下降至正常温度范围。     

本钢2号高炉护炉实践

2号高炉投产6年半后炉底温度升高至762℃，经过科学、正确诊断、明确炉底温升的症结所在危及安全生产的严重程度，制定了应急手段，采取了强化冷却等针对性护炉措施，成功地将炉底温度控制在700℃水平；研究与利用高炉操作制度，操作参数与炉底温升关系，控制炉底温度波动，改善高炉冶炼技术经济指标，实现计划安全停炉大修。     

高炉炉底密封板上翘机理及预防措施

 国内一些高炉发生了高炉炉底密封板上翘现象,一些高炉炉底密封板上翘高度甚至达到了100～140 mm,出现炉底变形成锅底状、局部漏煤气、炉底冷却效果变差等现象,严重影响高炉的长寿和高效生产。通过建立高炉炉缸炉底温度场和应力场数学模型,分析砖衬异常膨胀、砖衬受热膨胀和炉底密封钢板厚度、膨胀缝及缓冲泥浆等因素对炉底密封板上翘高度的影响。结果发现,由于炉缸砖衬的异常膨胀,在风口组合砖位置产生较大的向上压力,最终导致高炉炉底密封板产生较大程度的上翘,而砖衬正常受热膨胀不会导致炉底密封板的明显上翘。碱金属、锌、铅等有害元素在高炉内富集、累积可以导致砖衬异常膨胀,是炉底密封板上翘的主要原因。炉底密封板厚度的增加会对炉底密封板上翘产生有效的阻碍作用。合适的膨胀缝和性能优良的缓冲泥浆可以吸收砖衬受热膨胀,但是不能解决砖衬较大的异常膨胀。为了抑制和减少高炉炉底密封板上翘现象,需要在风口组合砖与炉缸砖衬之间预留合适的膨胀缝;避免风口大套前端嵌入炉缸砖衬内部;严格控制有害元素入炉量,提高高炉排出有害元素的能力。     

1969 C.P.A. Institute.

Presents the program for the C.P.A. Institute entitled "The Role of Counseling Services on the Contemporary Campus." The Institute was held on June 2-3, 1969. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Laudatio: Prof. Dr. med. Dr. phil. Dres. h. c. Heinz H?fner

During the course of a year, there are many healthcare workers nationwide who sustain sharps injuries whilst carrying out their duties. Staff who work in the Accident and Emergency (A & E) units are no different from anyone else in this respect. The emotional cost of such an accident cannot be calculated, whereas the financial costs can. This article aims to show how the cost of an injury to a member of staff can be calculated, thus allowing a manager to assess the financial implications of sharps injuries to their department. In the absence of access to an Occupational Health (OH) department, most A & E units have to respond to sharps injuries to healthcare workers in the hospital. This task must be attended to by the medical staff as well as the nursing staff of the A & E unit. Within the following text the appropriate responses and methods to ensure uniformity of response are discussed. The tables and the calculation figures shown are taken directly from the information held in the St James's University Hospital Trust's OH department. All calculations are based on the middle band of the salary scale for each discipline. Accurate costings for each member of staff injured cannot be shown in this article, but the general principle is laid down and can be easily followed for any situation.     

Rats, Man . . .

Comments on the article by Richter entitled "Rats, Man, and the Welfare State" (see record 1960-02810-001). The commenter notes that in his article Richter did not indicate how hereditary and environmental factors were controlled. In comparing the hereditary survival characteristics of wild versus domesticated rats, it would be essential that the environmental influences on the survival characteristics of the wild rats should be ruled out. Another factor to be considered is that the wild state may offer a diet and other environmental influences, which in the life of a single individual would produce organic changes, accounting for some of the differences between wild and domestic rats. It would seem that the most effective way to determine the hereditary differences between wild and domestic rats would be to create a wild group, composed solely of the offspring of wild rats. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

The blood-brain barrier. I. Histology. Physiology. Embryology. Transport

The concept of blood-brain barrier (bbb) arose in the beginning of the 20th century after report that the dyes injected intravenously did not appear in the brain. The idea and definition of bbb has been changed many times since then. We present current opinion concerning bbb, its histology, embryology, ultrastructure and function on the ground of a review of the recent literature.