共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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沥青沙特性试验研究及应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
新型轻质模型沙-沥青沙已成功用于长江口深水航道工程泥沙模型。本文通过试验,研究了沥青沙的沉速度和起动流速,提出了沥青潲起动流速经验计算式和其适用的沉速计算公式。 相似文献
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通过室内水槽试验,描述了波浪作用下细颗粒泥沙的起动现象。在规则波作用下,天然沙和轻质模型沙的起动试验资料表明,天然沙的干重度随淤积历时的增长而增大,且起动时的波高和起动流速随泥沙干重度的增大而增加。电木粉的干重度对起动时的波高和起动流速影响很小。 相似文献
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对一种复合塑料模型沙的水下休止角、群体沉速、起动流速等运动特性进行了试验研究:使模型沙在静水中自然落淤成丘,通过几何关系可得水下休止角;将沙样按粒径分组进行单颗粒沉速试验,统计平均后再按质量加权得到模型沙群体沉速;在玻璃水槽中对5种水深下的泥沙起动流速进行了测量及经验公式验证。试验结果表明:该模型沙水下休止角为28.4°,较传统塑料沙、水下休止角范围大,具有较好的水下成形特性;对于该模型沙,其单颗粒沉速用W.W.Rubey公式计算精度较高,但群体沉速用中值粒径进行经验计算则精度不够,合理的代表粒径有待进一步研究;起动流速比传统塑料沙大,这与水下休止角试验是相符的,通过调整沙莫夫系数K,沙莫夫公式可较好地表述个别起动和少量起动的情况,大量起动时则不够精确。 相似文献
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在由确定性方法建立的均匀沙起动流速公式的基础上,借助模糊数学方法,采用滑动平衡模式建立了考虑水流紊动影响和起动水平时的无黏性均匀沙起动流速公式,并用实测流速资料进行了验证,结果表明,所建立的均匀沙起动流速公式计算结果与实测资料比较吻合。 相似文献
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边抛疏浚浮泥对河口地区航道淤积的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
概述河口海岸地区航道附近浮泥存在成因及研究现状 ,将浮泥作为宾汉体 ,根据双层流模型的运动基本方程 ,推导出一维定常状态下浮泥运动速度与浮泥厚度、上层水流运动速度、底面坡度、浮泥密度、浮泥脱水速度、浮泥上层水体悬沙浓度、悬沙沉降速度、水深之间的关系及非定常状态一维浮泥运动简化方程。并对长江口北槽下段某处航槽边抛疏浚弃土中浮泥在不同水流作用下的运动进行分析计算 相似文献
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液化后的砂土具有流体的特性,在一定的初始条件下会发生侧向流动。砂土液化流动的模型试验系统包括自制的水平单向震动台、可倾斜的透明模型槽、孔压量测仪、高速摄像监控装置等主要装置。在模型试验中,首先利用水平单向振动台使砂土达到液化,然后将模型槽倾斜一定角度使液化后的砂土产生侧向流动,同时通过摄像监控装置对液化砂土的流滑构型特性进行捕捉,并对砂土地震液化的土体流动速度、流动范围和流动冲击力等流体动力学特性进行试验研究。验证试验表明:该模型试验系统可在较短时间内,有效地激发饱和砂土达到液化状态,并清晰地捕捉到液化砂土在不同坡度下流态化运动的构型特征。该试验系统可用于区域性砂土地震液化流体动力学特性的基础性研究,有助于完善地震液化试验模拟方法,为工程场地抗震设计以及灾后重建选址提供科学试验手段。 相似文献
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Francisco J. M. SIM?ES 《水科学与水工程》2014,7(2):183-193
The prediction of incipient motion has had great importance to the theory of sediment transport. The most commonly used methods are based on the concept of critical shear stress and employ an approach similar, or identical, to the Shields diagram. An alternative method that uses the movability number, defined as the ratio of the shear velocity to the particle's settling velocity, was employed in this study. A large amount of experimental data were used to develop an empirical incipient motion criterion based on the movability number. It is shown that this approach can provide a simple and accurate method of computing the threshold condition for sediment motion. 相似文献
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Ho J 《Water science and technology》2011,63(12):3020-3026
This study tests four different types of multiphase models to determine the most appropriate model for predicting the behaviors of various types of storm water solids in a settling chamber. The Lagrangian reference frame discrete phase models of uncoupled and coupled models based on the interaction between the discrete phase and the continuous phase were tested. The rigid moving objects model providing six degrees of freedom particle motion was also tested to model non-spherical particle motion. The fourth model was a sediment transport model using the Eulerian reference frame model. This study tested five different storm water solids consisting of bulk, gross, coarse, sediment and fine which are classified by particle size and settling characteristics. Particle settling efficiency and computational time were considered in determining the most appropriate multiphase model. The coupled model provided better solid settling than the uncoupled model, but required 8.2% more computational time in this study. The Eulerian model matched settling efficiency for the high density finer solids. Although the Eulerian model showed reliable settling prediction, the Lagrangian coupled model can be an effective alternative requiring significantly reduced computational time. 相似文献
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三维分形絮团沉降的格子Boltzmann模拟 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
黏性泥沙絮团的形成机理和沉降特性对河口海岸细颗粒泥沙运动规律研究具有重要作用。为了从微观结构出发研究絮团运动机理,由扩散受限絮凝体聚集模型生成不同大小的分形絮团,引入格子Boltzmann方法模拟三维分形絮团的静水沉降,获得了絮团沉速的变化过程。比较格子Boltzmann算法模拟结果与采用盒子计数分维数的 Winterwerp絮团沉速公式,发现二者有较好的一致性,表明格子Boltzmann模拟方法可应用于河口海岸环境中的黏性泥沙运动研究。 相似文献
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This paper deals with turbidity currents in a circular settling tank. A mathematical model with a k-epsilon turbulence model has been developed. Using this mathematical model, the following unique properties of turbidity currents in a circular settling tank are demonstrated: turbulence induced by the turbidity currents remains after most sediment particles have settled down. This residual turbulent diffusivity has a serious effect on the settling of finer particles. This phenomenon is a very important result in this study. Especially, in the case of a smaller densimetric Froude number, which is a stronger density effect, this residual turbulence effect increases, and also decreases the removal ratio in the downstream with low concentration. Generally, the bottom density current enhances the sediment transport near the tank bottom, while the bottom shear gives reversal influence. When the settling velocity is high, the settling ends under the developing stage both of the turbidity current and of the bottom boundary layer. On the contrary, if the settling velocity is low, the sediment travels a long distance, where the boundary layer is built up, resulting in the reduction of sediment transport near the tank bottom. The overall properties of the density-affected settling tank are also investigated in terms of the removal ratio. 相似文献