测量机器人地表位移监测系统在露天矿边坡监测的应用

露天边坡的稳定是露天矿山安全高效开采的关键因素。穆利亚希北露天矿在生产过程中,多处边坡发生不同程度塌方,对生产造成了较大影响。采用测量机器人地表位移监测系统对露天矿边坡进行监测,通过合理布设机器人和棱镜位置,设定监测频率及安全预警阈值,实现露天矿边坡的全方位监测,对矿产资源的安全、高效、可持续开采具有重要意义。     

铜街—曼家寨采场边坡控制爆破技术研究

针对现有曼家寨采场的采场边坡稳定性影响后续生产的安全,通过借鉴国内外相关边坡控制技术,采用边坡控制爆破技术,对现有边坡进行减压卸载等控制,从而满足安全生产的需求。     

长山壕金矿东露天采场境界重新圈定及其稳定性分析

露天矿山边坡稳定性是矿山安全生产的主要影响因素之一。针对长山壕金矿东露天采场逐渐转入深部开采后出现的多处区域不同规模的滑坡及不稳定现象,对原东露天采场境界进行重新圈定,并对重新圈定的露天境界边坡进行了稳定性分析。详细介绍了东露天采场境界方案比选、道路参数的选择与设置、露天境界的重新圈定及边坡稳定性分析等。结果表明,优化后的露天境界边坡整体处于稳定状态,满足安全生产要求。     

穆利亚希南露天边坡稳定性分析

露天边坡角的大小对矿山边坡稳定及开采成本有着重要影响,合理的边坡角是保证露天采场安全、经济回采的重要因素。本文以卢安夏铜矿穆利亚希南矿区为背景,应用 Geo-Slope 软件在考虑地震影响因素下使用极限平衡法中的 Ordinary 法、Bishop 法、Janbu 法及 Morgenstern-Price 法对穆利亚希南矿区一区和二区不同角度的露天边坡稳定性进行分析,结果表明 ：当一分区的边坡角为 40°,二分区的边坡角为 39°时,边坡最为稳定,能保证工作平台安全生产。研究成果可为卢安夏其它露天矿边坡稳定性分析提供借鉴。     

某铜钼露天矿边坡失稳影响因素分析及治理对策

露天矿边坡的稳定是矿山安全生产的保证.某铜钼露天矿东侧边坡690 m台阶面上已形成一个长52 m的塌陷坑,690～678 m台阶花岗斑岩和长英质角岩较破碎,坡面风化较严重,发生坍塌滑坡,影响矿山正常的采矿进程和采场内作业人员的安全.通过分析该矿边坡失稳影响因素及治理对策,指出边坡失稳破坏是多种因素共同作用的结果,并提出...     

运输载荷下北衙金矿露天边坡稳定性分析

露天矿山边坡动载荷(爆破震动、地震、地面运输)是触发边坡失稳的重要原因之一,影响到露天矿边坡角的确定及边坡防治措施的制定,对矿山安全生产具有重大影响。运用Flac~(3D)数值模拟矿业软件,模拟了北衙金矿东北边坡在加载运输载荷前后的稳定性,分析了运输载荷作用下边坡的最大不平衡力、塑性区和位移的变化。根据模拟研究和分析结果,北衙金矿东北边坡在运输载荷作用下整体稳定、局部失稳;同时,指出了边坡的潜在危险部位,并给出了相应的防治措施,为矿山安全运营提供技术支撑。     

降雨对某露天矿风化砂质边坡稳定性影响规律研究

边坡稳定性对矿山安全生产具有重要意义。文章结合云南某露天钨矿工程概况,应用边坡分析软件GEO-Studio,选择合理的参数及边界条件,建立边坡稳定性分析数值模型,模拟在不同降雨量、不同降雨持续时间条件下边坡的降雨入渗情况以及边坡滑移面、滑移线分布情况,得到在不同工况条件下边坡的安全系数及降雨渗流对边坡稳定性影响的规律,了解边坡失稳破坏的过程,为边坡稳定性分析提供理论依据。同时对比分析采用不同的边坡稳定性分析方法计算安全系数的结果,得出结果基本一致。     

露天边坡安全影响因素分析及预防措施

白银公司矿业公司是原露天矿闭坑后的残矿回采矿山。主要回采对象是火焰山矿床利用大型机械设备不能开采的小矿体和主矿体的端部残矿。原露天矿山运输公路是矿石、生产原材料及人员进出作业现场的主要通道。露天边坡安全是矿山的生产组织和员工生命财产安全重要影响因素。本文主要分析该矿山以往局部边坡滑坡、塌落产生的因素,提出应采用的技术和管理措施,保障了矿山生产安全。     

露天矿山边坡稳定性影响因素及分析方法研究

对露天矿山边坡稳定性影响因素从内外因两个方面进行分析,总结了极限平衡法、基于FLAC3D强度折减的有限差分法和基于强度折减的有限元法等3种常用的边坡稳定性分析方法,提出了加强地质勘查、做好安全监测、合理确定台阶要素和选择爆破方法、削坡减压和减重压脚、加强边坡检查与管理等治理边坡滑动灾害的控制措施。研究结果对露天矿山的安全生产及预防和控制边坡失稳具有一定的指导意义。     

本钢南芬露天铁矿局部边坡滑体产生的原因浅析

本钢南芬露天铁矿产生大规模边坡滑体,威胁了矿山采场生产人员和设备的安全,极大地影响了矿山的正常生产,保成了本钢南芬露天铁矿新一轮的边坡稳定性研究,本文正是在这一背景下,对本钢南芬露天铁矿的地质概况、生产概况和边坡滑体产生的现状进行了浅要介绍,然后通过对局部边坡岩体的岩性、构造、岩层产状等的地质调查和岩移监测结果分析,得出影响露天矿边坡稳定,并产生边坡滑体的主要原因是：岩体的岩性及结构特征、爆破震动、雨水渗透和生产中的人为因素。最后提出露天矿边坡稳定研究的防治工作的几点建议：建立边坡稳定技术研究机构和专职边坡施工维护队伍、防水排水、加固整治、岩移监测和控制爆破。     

非煤露天矿山岩质边坡稳定性评价标准探讨

根据露天矿山的生产工艺特征,将岩质边坡划分为总体边坡、路间边坡和台阶边坡三种尺度,并对其控制因素、破坏模式进行了分析;结合土木工程边坡规范和非煤露天矿山边坡规范的边坡设计安全系数取值,讨论了国内外非煤露天矿山边坡设计安全系数的要求,提出了六条建议;综合考虑服务年限、边坡尺度规模的设计安全系数改进方案,并引入失稳概率,拓展了不同尺度边坡稳定性评价的设计标准,可有效提升非煤露天矿岩质边坡稳定性评价的合理性和科学性,进一步完善了矿山边坡设计理论和方法。      

银山矿露天边坡稳定性分析

露天边坡稳定性受岩性、岩体结构、水文地质、边坡形态和爆破等多种因素影响。露天矿常见的边坡失稳,滑坡等地质灾害直接威胁露天采场的正常生产。为研究银山矿现有边坡的稳定性,建立了Dimine软件三维模型,采用工程地质分区、极限平衡法分析边坡各种破坏模式下的受力状态,以边坡滑体上的抗滑力和下滑力之间的关系评价边坡的稳定性,分析结果表面银山矿总体边坡较稳定,南部后续开采过程中需加强现场巡视与边坡监测,及时消除安全隐患。     

基于动态权重的边坡稳定性评价方法

为了保证露天矿边坡的稳定性,提高开采的安全性,减少人身财产损失,针对边坡稳定性存在的模糊不确定性和层次性的特点,采用模糊数学方法,建立边坡稳定性模糊综合评价模型。通过实地走访结合文献总结,选用5个影响因素及其对应的18个影响因子,集成误差传递原理、相似性和差异性分析以及区间数矩阵相对优势度分析建立动态权重。研究结果表明：该模型得到的结果能较准确地反映边坡的稳定程度,评价结果与实际结果相吻合,为边坡稳定性评价提供了一种可行的方法。     

基于机器学习的边坡安全稳定性评价及防护措施

为了更加快捷、高效地判定边坡稳定与否,基于机器学习,融合主成分分析法（PCA）、参数调整、影响因素权重分析等,建立了一种边坡安全稳定性评价体系。研究发现,运用PCA可以在保留80%数据原信息的前提下将输入变量维度从六维降至三维,但此时模型效果有所下降;随机森林及梯度提升(XGBoost) 两种学习算法均可搭建有效的边坡安全稳定性评估模型,通过对其预测效果的对比分析,确定XGBoost为最佳评价模型。与此同时,采取卡方检验、F检验以及互信息法3种相关性检验手段,并通过计算评价因子的重要程度且加以可视化展示,明确了容重、坡高、内摩擦角以及内聚力4个内在因素的重要性,最终将评估结果与实际结合提出了边坡安全防护措施。      

Spatial Distribution of Safety Factors

Classical limiting equilibrium analysis seeks the minimum factor of safety and its associated critical slip surface. This objective is mathematically convenient; however, it limits the analysis' practical usefulness. Introduced is a general framework for safety maps that allow for a physically meaningful extension of classical slope stability analysis. Safety maps are represented by a series of contour lines along which minimal safety factors are constant. Each contour line is determined using limit equilibrium analysis and thus represents a value of global safety factor. Since most problems of slope stability possess a flat minimum involving a large zone within which safety factors are practically the same, representation of the results as a safety map provides an instant diagnostic tool about the state of the stability of the slope. Such maps provide at a glance the spatial scope of remedial measures if such measures are required. That is, unlike the classical slope stability approach that identifies a single surface having the lowest factor of safety, the safety map displays zones within which safety factors may be smaller than an acceptable design value. The approach introduced results in a more meaningful application of limiting equilibrium concepts while preserving the simplicity and tangibility of limit equilibrium analysis. Culmann's method is used to demonstrate the principles and usefulness of the proposed approach because of its simplicity and ease of application. To further illustrate the practical implications of safety maps, a rather complex stability problem of a dam structure is analyzed. Spencer's method using generalized slip surfaces and an efficient search routine are used to yield the regions within the scope where the safety factors are below a certain value.     

Slope Reliability Analysis Considering Site-Specific Performance Information

The performance of a slope, such as surviving a certain groundwater condition, can be viewed as the outcome of a full-scale test performed directly on the slope and may provide valuable information for safety assessment, upgrading analysis, and repair design of the slope. Performance information can be divided into two types: (1)?the slope survived a certain state, and (2)?the slope failed at a certain state. This paper illustrates two methods for slope reliability analysis considering site-specific performance information, i.e., an indirect method based on back-analysis of the performance information, and a direct method, in which the back-analysis procedure is bypassed. The two methods are theoretically the same but different in implementation details. As examples, an existing slope for safety assessment and a failed slope to be repaired are studied in this paper. Considering the past survival information increases the reliability of the slope. The increase in reliability is larger if the slope survives a more critical state. Thus, ignoring the survival information may result in uneconomical decisions. In contrast, ignoring the failure information may either underestimate or overestimate the reliability of a slope. As a result, neglecting the past failure information may lead to unsafe or uneconomical decisions.     

预应力锚索在边坡工程中的应用

预应力锚索作为高危边坡加固的一种有效措施，在各种边坡工程建设中得到了广泛的应用。本文首先阐述了道路工程高路堑边坡预应力锚索施工的工艺特点、施工工艺及施工要点，提出了常见问题的处理措施。基于锚索预应力损失问题是关系到锚固工程安全与否的重要因素，随后对预应力锚索加固边坡的机理、锚索预应力损失的影响因素及其应对方法进行了探讨，提出了应力补偿的措施。     

基于极限平衡法的采场边坡安全稳定性研究

在二维条件下,运用极限平衡法对鞍钢集团齐大山铁矿采场边坡的安全稳定性进行了分析,并将二维条件下的极限平衡法分析结果转换为可描述三维环境中的采场安全稳定性,对安全生产具有重要意义。     

Unsaturated Infinite Slope Stability Considering Surface Flux Conditions

A slope stability model is derived for an infinite slope subjected to unsaturated infiltration flow above a phreatic surface. Closed form steady state solutions are derived for the matric suction and degree of saturation profiles. Soil unit weight, consistent with the degree of saturation profile, is also directly calculated and introduced into the analyzes, resulting in closed-form solutions for typical soil parameters and an infinite series solution for arbitrary soil parameters. The solutions are coupled with the infinite slope stability equations to establish a fully realized safety factor function. In general, consideration of soil suction results in higher factor of safety. The increase in shear strength due to the inclusion of soil suction is analogous to making an addition to the cohesion, which, of course, increases the factor of safety against sliding. However, for cohesive soils, the results show lower safety factors for slip surfaces approaching the phreatic surface compared to those produced by common safety factor calculations. The lower factor of safety is due to the increased soil unit weight considered in the matric suction model but not usually accounted for in practice wherein the soil is treated as dry above the phreatic surface. The developed model is verified with a published case study, correctly predicting stability under dry conditions and correctly predicting failure for a particular storm.