Inclusive design: beyond capabilities towards context of use

Inclusive design is oriented to a particular outcome, to ensure that products and services address the needs of the widest possible audience. Approaches towards achieving this aim include the use of ergonometric data to predict product exclusion and the participation of extreme users in a design team. This discussion paper extends these approaches by comparing the inclusive design process to the design process that has evolved for Interaction Design within Human Computer Interaction, and in so doing identifies additional issues and processes. Potential ways practicing designers in an Inclusive Design context might approach these concepts are suggested. True Inclusive Design must engage the widest population as actual users not just potential users. This objective can only be achieved through a move from a view of Inclusive Design as solely concerned with individual capabilities to a view of Inclusive Design set in a social context.     

Inclusive social tagging and its support in Web 2.0 services

This paper investigates the Web 2.0 phenomenon of social tagging in the context of existing approaches to semantic data structuring. Social tagging is embedded into the space spanned by current structuring approaches like taxonomies, meta-data, and ontologies in order to identify its semantic and pragmatic foundations. Thereby, we use the Inclusive Universal Access paradigm to assess social tagging with respect to socio-technical criteria for inclusive and barrier-free provision and usage of web services. As a result of this analysis we propose a concept we chose to call “Inclusive Social Tagging”. We subsequently use the requirements set forth by this concept to assess the tagging functionality of currently popular Web 2.0 services. We found that these services differ significantly in their implementation of tagging functionality, and we did not discover any service providing full compliance with Inclusive Social Tagging requirements.     

基于无源RFID的最小包容圆自适应定位法

为了适应对精确度要求越来越高的RFID室内定位系统的发展,本文提出一种将"最小包容圆定位法"与LAND-MARC算法中采用自适应K临近法相结合的定位系统,通过最小包容法找到目标的定位坐标。此外,为了配合本文所采用的算法,本文还用无源参考标签代替有源参考标签,拓扑结构布设为可以提高定位性能的正三角形网络形式,使整个系统得到很好的统一。仿真结果表明,最小包容圆自适应算法可以大大提高定位系统的精确度。     

Humans and Robots: A Mutually Inclusive Relationship in a Contagious World

Machine Intelligence Research - The Coronavirus global pandemic has spread faster and more severely than experts had anticipated. While this has presented itself as a great challenge, researchers...     

Inclusive Web Empirical Studies in Remote and In-Situ Settings: A User Evaluation of the RemoTest Platform

Web accessibility evaluation requires tests to be carried out with real users with disabilities performing real tasks or activities. To recruit an appropriate group of users and to observe their performance in the real world is difficult. For this reason we have developed RemoTest, a platform that assists researchers designing experiments, conducting remote and in-situ experimental sessions and analyzing the data gathered while the users are accessing the Web. Although this tool is oriented to experimenters, it is necessary to check whether the evaluation environments created by RemoTest are accessible or not to the users that participate in the tests. To this end, we conducted formal in-situ evaluations with 36 users with diverse characteristics. For this assessment, the participants were asked to install the platform, to fill in some automatically created questionnaires and to carry out several web navigation tasks. From the data gathered we analyzed the ease of the installation process, the accessibility of the automatically generated questionnaires, and user satisfaction. The results revealed the suitability of the platform for conducting inclusive experiments both in remote and in-situ contexts and provided guidelines on how the experiments should be set out.     

利用设计原型集成概念设计和结构设计

为了集成概念设计和结构设计,必须解决概念设计到结构设计的映射这个ICAD的瓶颈问题,文章采用基于设计原型的设计方法实现从概念设计到结构设计的映射。首先建立概念设计原型和结构设计原型,将概念设计原型和结构设计原型的信息进行分类,利用概念设计原型与结构设计原型信息之间的分类匹配关系进行原型的匹配推理,实现原型的选择与提取,完成从概念设计到结构设计的映射;再利用结构设计原型的丰富信息,从抽象的简单的概念设计信息开始,逐层利用原型,步步细化,完成产品设计。     

设计思维与产品设计

思维决定设计,设计体现思维。设计的过程就是创造的过程,产品设计离不开创造性的思维活动,设计思维必然是一种创造性思维。产品设计需要利用创造性思维激发创意火花,并需要用适当的设计语言表达出相应的解决问题的方式方法。出于产品设计的实用功能需要,最直观的形态、最简洁的产品外观无疑是表达创造性设计思维的最佳视觉语言。     

室内设计中灯光的艺术设计

随着人们生活质量的提高和家居环境的改善,人们对灯光的要求不再局限于照明,更多的是通过人为精心设计,使得简单的灯光表现出各种形式,给人以各种艺术感受。以灯光在室内装饰的作用为论述点,阐释了灯光装饰效果的定位以及室内灯光的艺术设计,希望能给室内灯光的设计提供借鉴。     

设计模式在架构设计中的运用

软件架构经常不能适应变化,程序员也经常觉得架构没什么用。分析引起软件架构变化的形式,可以归结为组件间交互接口和编码实现的变化;共分为4种:1)相似接口,相同功能;2)不同接口,相似功能;3)增替"实现";4)精简接口。根据不同的变化情景,运用合适的设计模式就能提高架构的适应性;同时,对程序员也更具指导意义。     

形象设计与服饰搭配设计

形象设计是研究人的外观与造型的视觉传达艺术,综合了轮廓、造型、质地、色彩以及风格等因素的表现。它不仅包含服装、服饰、发型、化妆、体态具体内容,还涵盖了精神、文化等因素,是人、衣、形、神和谐统一。同时还是一个整体的、全面的构思与计划,并把这种构思与计划通过一定的手段完成的过程。而服饰搭配设计在其中扮演者重要角色。     

Design Families and Design Individuals

This paper discusses design families and design individuals. Phase space is introduced to complement state space. Phase transition as a generic method of generating design families is proposed and then demonstrated through an example of simple designs with one component. Based on phase transition in the biological world, a development model for complex designs (with multi-components) is established, by which different phase transitions for changing complex design families are analysed and simulated. Two concepts are drawn from the biological analogy: through gene mutation and regulation the individuals of complex design systems can be varied and searched within their state space; and by changing the interpretation process of genes, the families of such systems can be explored within their phase space.     

设计模式在架构设计中的运用

软件架构经常不能适应变化,程序员也经常觉得架构没什么用。分析引起软件架构变化的形式,可以归结为组件间交互接口和编码实现的变化;共分为4种：1）相似接口,相同功能;2）不同接口,相似功能;3）增替“实现”;4）精简接口。根据不同的变化情景,运用合适的设计模式就能提高架构的适应性;同时,对程序员也更具指导意义。     

设计管理在设计创新中的作用

设计活动要有管理,管理模式要有设计。设计师的设计行为要与生产、营销、消费相协调,设计活动的社会化和集团化的特征,必须要有相应的设计管理,它会使设计的系统性、综合性的效应得到最大的发挥;设计管理的建立和完善,保持设计管理的有效性和先进性,会促进设计创新,创造社会财富。     

情感化设计、仿生设计、符号设计辨析

科技的发展,时代的变迁,对设计中的情感化设计,仿生设计,符号设计等常用手段的影响深远,并且这三种手段已经影响了彼此。本文通过大量例证分析的方法,从研究三者之间迥异,到探析两者之间的结合,直至挖掘三者之间的结合产物,从而更好地认识和利用它们,应用于设计,创造出更好的设计,服务于生活,服务于人类,服务于社会。     

做有“感”觉的设计

生活本身,就是设计的起源地;而设计,归根到底就是我们对生活的发言,通过创造与交流来认识我们生活在其中的世界。设计应不仅仅满足于通过视觉语言、符号来向大众传递、传播,不仅仅局限于某一学科的专业知识,应该是更多思想的碰撞融合,多角度思考使设计更加凸显层次。比如说有"感"觉的设计,这里所指的"感"觉不仅仅是设计师的情感、思想,同时包括大众的感受,更重要的是能够调动人们触觉、听觉、嗅觉等的设计。     

标志设计训练课题设计初探

标志设计教学方法最直观的体现就是训练课题的制定和实施。传统标志课上的训练课题比较单一,存在着较多弊端。笔者针对这些问题,进行了一定的探索,希望通过设计的一些新的训练课题来弥补传统训练课题的不足。     

展示设计中的情景化设计

情景化设计在展示设计中的应用,起到了提高信息传输和接收速率的作用,使信息的传达更加顺畅。情景化设计适用于各种形式的展示空间,比如博览会、展览会、博物馆、商业卖场、橱窗展示等等。情景化设计可以准确体现展示主题,并且能够满足目标观众的各种需求。因此,我们需要深入研究,总结出情景化设计应用在展示设计中的多种方法。     

生态建筑设计原理与设计方法

从人与自然的角度出发,对生态建筑的设计原理和设计方法进行了分析和探讨。     

计算机图形图像设计与视觉传达设计

尽管计算机的图形图像设计与其他的设计行业有着分科与分类上的不同,不过随着科学技术的不断发展,计算机图形图像设计的应用层面越来越高,各种类别的设计之间有着越来越多的共通语言,所以计算机图形图像设计和视觉传达设计的联系也越来越密切,二者互为联系,相辅相成.就针对计算机图形图像设计和视觉传达设计展开讨论.     

面向计算机辅助工业设计的色彩设计系统

通过分析现有色彩设计工具的研究现状和不足,提出了一套较全面的产品色彩设计问题软件系统解决策略．讨论了构建计算机辅助色彩设计系统的核心技术：通过构造专用色彩空间完成特殊色彩的选取;基于Lab均匀色彩空间与规则几何框架构建色彩调和工具;构建面向行业的色彩设计知识库;应用综合模糊评价的方法进行色彩设计评价．基于上述策略和技术,开发了CAID色彩设计系统框架,并将该系统应用于机床产品设计中．