双曲余弦-高斯光束的分数傅里叶变换特性研究

基于分数傅里叶变换(FRFT)与维格纳分布函数(WDF)旋转等效的性质．推导出了双曲余弦-高斯(ChG)光束在分数傅里叶变换面上光强分布和束宽的解析公式，研究了双曲余弦-高斯光束光强和束宽随分数傅里叶变换阶数的变化规律，分析了偏心参量对双曲余弦-高斯光束分数傅里叶变换特性的影响，并对数值计算结果进行了分析和讨论。结果表明，对给定偏心参量的双曲余弦-高斯光束，可以使其经过一定阶数的分数傅里叶变换来获得平顶光束。     

Fractional Fourier transform for annular flat-topped beams

The fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is applied to treat the propagation of annular flat-topped beams. Based on the definition of FRFT in the cylindrical coordinate system, analytical formulae are derived for annular flat-topped beams through the FRFT optical systems. By using the formulae, the properties of annular flat-topped beams in the FRFT plane are illustrated numerically. The results show that the intensity distribution properties in the FRFT plane are closely related to the fractiona...     

椭圆高斯光束的分数傅里叶变换

利用分数傅里叶变换与Wigner分布函数旋转等效的性质 ,推导出了椭圆高斯光束在分数傅里叶变换平面上的光强分布和束宽的解析公式。研究了椭圆高斯光束光强和束宽随分数傅里叶变换阶数变化的规律 ,并给出了数值计算结果     

一种基于分数阶Fourier变换的雷达运动目标检测算法

针对雷达回波为多分量LFM信号时,时频分析存在的交叉项干扰问题,提出了一种基于分数阶Fourier变换(Fractional Fourier Transform,FRFT)的伪Wigner分布(PWD).该方法通过在参数平面按阈值进行峰值搜索确定变换域阶次,再在相应的分数阶Fourier域计算PWD,有效地抑制了交叉项的干扰,有利于更好地提取信号的时频信息.仿真实验证明了在强背景噪声下该算法的有效性.     

一种产生平顶光束的新方法:厄米-高斯光束的合成

提出了用多束厄米-高斯光束相干合成产生平顶光束的方法。借助Wigner分布函数和强度矩方法推导出在普遍情况下合成光束M^2因子和K参数的解析公式。研究结果表明，通过适当选取厄米-高斯光束的参数，在某一传输平面可以得到平顶的光强剖面。给出了数值计算例以说明合成平顶光束的特性。     

Discrete fractional Fourier transform based on orthogonalprojections

The continuous fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) performs a spectrum rotation of signal in the time-frequency plane, and it becomes an important tool for time-varying signal analysis. A discrete fractional Fourier transform has been developed by Santhanam and McClellan (see ibid., vol.42, p.994-98, 1996) but its results do not match those of the corresponding continuous fractional Fourier transforms. We propose a new discrete fractional Fourier transform (DFRFT). The new DFRFT has DFT Hermite eigenvectors and retains the eigenvalue-eigenfunction relation as a continous FRFT. To obtain DFT Hermite eigenvectors, two orthogonal projection methods are introduced. Thus, the new DFRFT will provide similar transform and rotational properties as those of continuous fractional Fourier transforms. Moreover, the relationship between FRFT and the proposed DFRFT has been established in the same way as the conventional DFT-to-continuous-Fourier transform     

一种新的变换域自适应LMS滤波算法

为了改善时变系统中的LMS算法收敛速度,一般可以在变换域进行自适应处理。通过研究和分析分数阶傅里叶变换与时-频平面的关系,提出在分数阶傅里叶变换域进行自适应时-频滤波。所提出的方法首先搜索最佳变换域,然后在分数阶傅里叶变换域进行LMS自适应滤波。仿真结果表明,与目前一些基于变换域的方法对比,新方法通过对时-频平面的旋转,可以显著加速算法收敛性。     

基于多个分数阶次的复杂光场相位恢复算法

给出了一种基于多个分数阶次的复杂光场相位恢复迭代算法。首先利用输入面和两个较高分数阶输出面上的强度信息,恢复出输入面相位分布的轮廓,然后再利用输入面和两个较低分数阶输出面,进一步恢复出相位分布的细节。分别针对具有缓变相位、随机相位分布的光场,进行了二维相位分布的恢复,都得到了良好的恢复结果。最后在一维情形下分析了探测噪声和光路位置调整误差对算法稳定性的影响。     

抽样率转换的分数阶Fourier域分析

为了节省计算量及存储空间,在一个信号处理系统中常常需要不同的抽样率及其相互之间的转换.而在分数阶Fourier域中分析信号完全可用较低的抽样频率来抽样(低于Nyquist抽样率),这就意味着建立在频域上的传统抽样率转换理论将不再适用.本文将建立在Fourier变换(频域)上的传统抽样率转换理论推广到了分数阶Fourier域,通过研究时域抽取和零值内插操作在分数阶Fourier域的表示及其含义,导出了基于分数阶Fourier变换的有理分数倍抽样率转换理论.可以看到,将分数阶Fourier变换的变换阶数取为π/2,便得到了与传统频域多抽样率理论完全一致的结果.最后,本文通过仿真对导出的分数阶Fourier域多抽样率理论进行了验证.     

分数阶傅里叶变换在雷达多目标检测和参数估计中的应用

介绍了分数阶傅里叶变换的基本原理和基本性质。结合时域和频域上扫频滤波器的原理推导出了分数域上的扫频滤波器的实现形式。利用分数阶傅里叶变换对线性调频信号有很好的聚焦性的性质,提出了基于分数阶傅里叶变换的雷达多目标检测和参数估计算法。解决了在强度相差较大的强分量信号中检测和估计弱分量LFM信号参数的问题。仿真结果表明了该算法的有效性。     

基于分数阶傅里叶变换的运动舰船聚焦算法

为解决合成孔径雷达(SAR)图像中运动舰船目标产生的散焦现象,结合对比度最大算法和分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)算法,提出了一种改进的对比度分数阶傅里叶变换(CFRFT)自聚焦算法.该算法利用分数阶傅里叶变换对已成像SAR图像进行时频域分析,根据旋转角分别利用参数模型和非参数模型对二阶相位误差和高阶相位误差进行补偿,和传统的相位梯度(PGA)法相比,图像分辨率和旁瓣比提升显著,可以更有效地补偿SAR中舰船运动产生的相位误差.对不同舰船和尾迹SAR图像实验表明,算法对二阶以上的相位误差具有较好的补偿效果,误差估计准确性高,适用范围广,解决了SAR运动舰船的散焦问题,提高了海洋舰船监测的准确性.     

多相编码雷达信号参数快速估计方法

针对Wigner-Ville分布、Radon-Wigner变换估计多相编码雷达信号参数存在运算量大、估计精度低等问题,本文提出了基于Radon-ambiguity变换和分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)联合分析的参数快速估计方法。该方法采用Radon-ambiguity变换估计信号调制斜率,采用分数阶傅里叶变换估计载频、周期等,通过两次一维搜索峰值来估计信号的参数,与Wigner变换、Radon-Wigner变换的二维搜索峰值相比,运算量大大降低,且提高了参数估计精度。仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

FRFT的简化及在空间目标探测中的应用

在空间目标探测中,提出了基于分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)的方法解决低信噪比下信号检测与频率估计的问题.首先介绍了FRFT进行参数估计的基本原理,并根据参数估计方法对算法进行了简化,降低运算量.在对接收到的回波信号动态特性分析的基础上,为满足信号检测概率和实时处理要求,对FRFT在空间目标检测应用中的相关参数进行分析设计,并提出频率估计精度的改善措施,进行了目标检测和频率估计性能的分析.最后进行检测性能的仿真分析,结果表明满足工程要求.     

Dynamical behavior and propagation characteristic of partially coherent sinh-Airy beams in oceanic turbulence

By introducing the hyperbolic sine function to Airy beam, the dynamic behavior and propagation characteristics of partially coherent sinh-Airy beams in oceanic turbulence are studied using approximate analytical intensity expression. The influence of sinh modulation parameter, coherence length and ocean parameters on intensity evolution, beam width and kurtosis parameter is mainly discussed. The results show that a non-zero sinh modulation parameter presents not only the insensitivity to oceanic turbulence, but a smaller beam width. Furthermore, it also improves kurtosis parameter. These findings bring advantages in signal reception for long distance. In addition, a larger relative intensity of temperature or salinity fluctuations, mean square temperature dissipation rate, or a smaller dissipation rate of turbulence kinetic energy is more liable to increase beam width, or decrease intensity and kurtosis parameter of partially coherent sinh-Airy beams. The results provide an opportunity for improving signal reception of underwater communication or target detection by Airy beams or their groups.     

分数阶傅里叶变换域上带通信号的采样定理

傅里叶变换和采样定理是信号处理领域的两大基本问题,采样定理研究了傅里叶变换域上带限信号的采样和重构理论.分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)是傅里叶变换的一种推广,与之相应的采样理论目前还不十分完备,所以有必要从FRFT域上重新研究采样定理.本文首先得到了均匀冲激串采样信号的FRFT,然后在此基础上导出了FRFT域上带通信号和低通信号的采样定理和重构公式.这些结果是经典理论的推广,将丰富分数阶傅里叶变换的理论体系.     

The fractional Fourier transform and time-frequency representations

The functional Fourier transform (FRFT), which is a generalization of the classical Fourier transform, was introduced a number of years ago in the mathematics literature but appears to have remained largely unknown to the signal processing community, to which it may, however, be potentially useful. The FRFT depends on a parameter α and can be interpreted as a rotation by an angle α in the time-frequency plane. An FRFT with α=π/2 corresponds to the classical Fourier transform, and an FRFT with α=0 corresponds to the identity operator. On the other hand, the angles of successively performed FRFTs simply add up, as do the angles of successive rotations. The FRFT of a signal can also be interpreted as a decomposition of the signal in terms of chirps. The authors briefly introduce the FRFT and a number of its properties and then present some new results: the interpretation as a rotation in the time-frequency plane, and the FRFT's relationships with time-frequency representations such as the Wigner distribution, the ambiguity function, the short-time Fourier transform and the spectrogram. These relationships have a very simple and natural form and support the FRFT's interpretation as a rotation operator. Examples of FRFTs of some simple signals are given. An example of the application of the FRFT is also given     

Bessel-Gaussian光束在分数傅里叶变换面上的光强分布

利用广义衍射积分方法,研究了Bessel-Gaussian(BG)光束的分数傅里叶变换特性,推导出了BG光束通过分数傅里叶变换光学系统后,光场分布的解析公式,利用该公式对BG光束经分数傅里叶变换后光强的分布规律进行了数值分析。研究结果表明,分数傅里叶变换阶数p对BG光束的光强分布有明显影响,光强分布随分数傅里叶变换阶数p呈周期性变化。     

基于FRFT的线性调频信号欠采样快速检测方法

采用分数阶Fourier变换对线性调频信号(Linear Frequency Modulation,LFM)进行检测与参数估计时,由于信号的特征未知,需要运用二维搜索方法确定分数阶Fourier变换的最佳旋转角度.该方法运算量巨大.为减少运算量,本文推导了欠采样前后LFM信号的分数阶Fourier变换最佳能量聚集旋转角度关系,证明了无噪LFM信号的调频率估计可以完全不受Nyquist采样定理的限制;通过推导分析欠采样含噪LFM信号在最佳分数阶Fourier域的信噪比,给出了欠采样倍数M对LFM信号检测的影响及其选取原则;最终提出一种基于欠采样理论的LFM信号快速检测方法.实验结果表明,当M选取合适时,利用原始信号的欠采样样本即可对LFM信号实现有效检测,快速确定其调频率.     

LFM信号的FRFT模函数对称特性及参数估计

通过数学推导发现了时间无限长线性调频（LFM）信号的分数阶Fourier变换（FRFT）模函数具有对称性,且单边单调。之后经过分析,得出时限LFM信号的FRFT模函数也具有较好的这种特性。根据此结论提出了基于FRFT的时限LFM信号检测与参数估计的新方法,此方法采用两级搜索,克服了FRFT算法误差对线性调频信号的FRFT模函数对称性和单调性的影响,在减少了运算量的同时提高了参数估计精度。仿真分析证实了此方法的有效性。     

Relations between fractional operations and time-frequencydistributions, and their applications

The fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is a useful tool for signal processing. It is the generalization of the Fourier transform. Many fractional operations, such as fractional convolution, fractional correlation, and the fractional Hilbert transform, are defined from it. In fact, the FRFT can be further generalized into the linear canonical transform (LCT), and we can also use the LCT to define several canonical operations. In this paper, we discuss the relations between the operations described above and some important time-frequency distributions (TFDs), such as the Wigner distribution function (WDF), the ambiguity function (AF), the signal correlation function, and the spectrum correlation function. First, we systematically review the previous works in brief. Then, some new relations are derived and listed in tables. Then, we use these relations to analyze the applications of the FRPT/LCT to fractional/canonical filter design, fractional/canonical Hilbert transform, beam shaping, and then we analyze the phase-amplitude problems of the FRFT/LCT. For phase-amplitude problems, we find, as with the original Fourier transform, that in most cases, the phase is more important than the amplitude for the FRFT/LCT. We also use the WDF to explain why fractional/canonical convolution can be used for space-variant pattern recognition