天然橡胶低温改性试验

主要进行可低温使用的改性天然橡胶配方试验。经过胶料配方设计、混炼工艺及硫化胶性能的反复研究，确定了低温改性天然橡胶配方和基本混炼工艺。研究结果表明，低温改性天然橡胶在-30℃下保温6h后，其剪切模量与室温剪切模量相近，能满足-30℃～室温的使用要求。     

俄罗斯异戊橡胶性能试验

以天然橡胶和我国稀土异戊橡胶为对比样，检测进口俄罗斯异戊橡胶的标准物性、基本性能和实用性能。结果表明，混炼行为和硫化胶耐热老化性较我国稀土异戊橡胶好，其它物性与之基本一致；混炼工艺性、硫化平坦性、耐热老化性、动态疲劳生热性比天然橡胶好，但混炼胶强度很低，硫化速度较慢，其它物性与天然橡胶基本相近；部分替代天然橡胶用于现轮胎生产用胶中，对胶料综合性能无不利影响。     

吉化稀土异戊橡胶基本性能评价

对吉林石化公司稀土异戊橡胶（JH-01）、天然橡胶、俄罗斯异戊橡胶SKI-3和SKI-5这4种不同橡胶的基本性能进行了评价。结果表明：吉林石化公司稀土异戊橡胶具有良好的性能,其硫化特性与俄罗斯异戊橡胶SKI-5基本相同,焦烧时间长,可操作性好;其硫化胶拉伸强度与俄罗斯同类产品和天然橡胶相当,定伸应力与俄罗斯SKI-5基本相同;加工工艺性能与俄罗斯同类产品和天然橡胶基本相同。     

炭黑诸因素对稀土丁—异戊橡胶性能的影响

通过调整和改善催化体系,对稀土丁－异戊橡胶（Ｌｎ－ＢＩＲ）及其与天然橡胶的共混胶的性能进行研究。结果发现,中超耐磨炉黑（ＩＳＡＦ）对Ｌｎ－ＢＩＲ的补强效果优于高耐磨炉黑（ＨＡＦ）,Ｌｎ－ＢＩＲ的低温性能优异,Ｌｎ－ＢＩＲ与天然橡胶按５－／５０质量共比混不仅可以改善加工行为,而且可使其硫化胶强伸性能等获得提高。     

用高度氯化的丁基橡胶改进硫化胶的性能

以天然橡胶、SK1—3异戊橡胶和SKMS—30ARKM—15丁甲苯橡胶为基的橡胶并用胶,通过用高度氯化的丁基橡胶(CBR)改性而改进了硫化胶的物理机械性能和粘着性能。含有5～10份CER(氯含量55％)的硫化胶,其物理机械性能与不同批量并用     

液体异戊橡胶对顺丁橡胶/天然橡胶共混胶性能的影响

考察了分别用自制的液体异戊橡胶和液体异戊橡胶LIR-50等量取代顺丁橡胶/天然橡胶共混胶中的天然橡胶部分时对共混胶性能的影响。结果表明,液体异戊橡胶的加入对于共混胶料的抗湿滑性能有所改善,但同时也增大滚动阻力。随着液体异戊橡胶用量(5~15份)的增加,共混硫化胶的拉伸强度、撕裂强度和扯断伸长率稍有下降,磨耗量和生热有所增大。2种液体异戊橡胶的使用效果相当。     

不同共混比Ln—BR／NR的性能

研究了稀土顺丁橡胶（Ｌｎ－ＢＲ）与天然橡胶（ＮＲ）以不同比例共混后生胶、混炼胶和硫化胶的性能，并与相同条件下的镍系顺丁橡胶（Ｎｉ－ＢＲ）／ＮＲ共混胶的性能进行了对比，结果表明，共混胶随Ｌｎ－ＢＲ用量的增大，ＭＬ＾１００℃１＋４降低，工艺行为良好，硫化胶力学性能、磨耗、湿滑指数和生热值下降，并且Ｌｎ－ＢＲ／ＮＲ硫化胶的抗湿滑性和动态疲劳性均优于Ｎｉ－ＢＲ／ＮＲ硫化胶。     

液体二烯烃橡胶在NR/SBR胎面胶中的应用研究

采用4种液体二烯烃橡胶和环保芳烃油（TDAE）作为增塑剂,研究对比其在天然橡胶（NR）/丁苯橡胶（SBR）胎面胶中的应用。结果表明：含液体橡胶的混炼胶的加工流动性较含TDAE的混炼胶略变差,焦烧时间和正硫化时间略延长;与含TDAE的硫化胶相比,含液体橡胶的硫化胶的定伸应力、撕裂强度、回弹值增大,耐磨性能提高,耐屈挠疲劳裂纹引发性能和耐热空气老化性能降低;含液体异戊橡胶LIR-50的硫化胶的拉伸强度和回弹值最大,耐压缩疲劳性能和耐6级裂口屈挠疲劳性能最佳,滚动阻力最低;含液体顺丁橡胶LBR-305的硫化胶的耐磨性能最佳;含液体丁戊橡胶LBIR-390的硫化胶的综合物理性能介于含液体异戊橡胶LIR-50的硫化胶与含液体顺丁橡胶LBR-305的硫化胶之间;含液体丁苯橡胶LSBR-820的硫化胶的抗撕裂性能最佳,耐屈挠疲劳性能最差。     

新型稀土异戊橡胶合成成功

中科院长春应化所和中国石油吉林石化分公司采用均相稀土催化剂，成功合成出新型稀土异戊橡胶。异戊橡胶因其分子结构及性能与天然橡胶最为接近，又称为合成天然橡胶。它是合成橡胶中能够替代天然橡胶的综合性能最好的胶种，可广泛应用于轮胎、胶带、胶管等橡胶加工领域。但我国在合成橡胶胶种中，异戊橡胶的生产尚属空白。[第一段]     

稀土异戊橡胶/天然橡胶并用胶性能研究

研究稀土异戊橡胶(NdIR)/天然橡胶(NR)并用胶的性能,并与NR进行对比。结果表明:NdIR/NR并用胶混炼工艺性能、硫化特性和流变性能与NR胶料相当;NdIR/NR并用胶物理性能、耐热空气老化性能、耐切割性能、滚动阻力和动态力学性能与NR硫化胶基本一致,NdIR可部分或全部替代NR。     

与强者同场竞技 靠创新促进发展——访青岛福润德塑料挤出技术有限公司总经理赵炳仁先生

一年一届的中国国际塑料橡胶工业展览会(国际橡塑展),是全球多个行业寻找橡塑工业世界性商贸伙伴的机遇,也是企业开拓中国以至亚洲市场商机之"金钥匙"。在25届国     

Hydrogels reinforced with nanoclays with improved response rate

Two series of semiinterpenetrating networks (SIPN) based on linear hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and thermo‐responsive poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPA), physically crosslinked with inorganic clay, are presented. The hydrogels with different crosslinking densities were prepared by varying the content of clay from 1 to 6 wt % and contained linear interpenetrant, PVA in the range of 0.5–1.5 wt %. The effect of clay content on swelling/deswelling behavior and phase transition in PNIPA gels, as well as the feasibility of reinforcing the gels with high molecular weight PVA, were analyzed. The thermal response of hydrogels, followed by DSC, confirmed that the insertion of hydrophilic PVA did not have a significant effect on the onset of the volume phase transition temperature, while the response was faster. The equilibrium degree of swelling of SIPNs and PNIPA hydrogels was in the range of 9–79 and decreased with increasing content of clay. The internal morphology and surface wettability of the hydrogels were investigated by scanning electron microscope analysis and contact angle measurements, respectively. The network structural parameters of the PNIPA and SIPN nanocomposites hydrogels, such as the average molecular weight between crosslinks, M_c, and effective crosslinking density, N_e, were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017 , 134, 44535.     

Electrodialysis with brine solutions oversaturated with calcium sulfate

Electrodialysis (ED) was applied to concentrate brine solutions of various concentrations — similar to effluentsfrom the desalination of brackish and industrial water — to about 20%. The consequent reduction in effluent volumes would facilitate a reduction in disposal costs. The energy requirement for concentrating solutions from 70 to 300 mN (0.4-1.8%) to 3.9 N (20%) was in the range 1.5-7.1 kWh/m³, in contrast to approximately 25 kWh/m³ by thermal evaporation. With the aim of preventing precipitation of CaSO4 on the membranes, laboratory-scale ED experiments were carried out on solutions of different compositions to determine the conditions that would lead to the precipitation of excess gypsum on gypsum seeds in a separate precipitator. The results were then applied in a pilot-scale ED unit in which the brine that circulated through the ED brine cells passed through a separate CaSO, precipitator containing gypsum seeds.     

以创新谋发展 以协作促转型

复合肥行业的转型升级已被列为化肥行业"十三五"规划重要内容。介绍我国复合肥行业转型发展期的特征,并提出在此形势下复合肥行业的发展思路;以创新谋发展,促进行业技术水平提高;以协作促转型,助推行业转型发展。     

Biological studies with cyclopropenoids inactivated with fatty acids

Cyclopropenoids inactivated by reactingSterculia foetida oil with cottonseed oil fatty acids were fed at three dietary levels to growing rats and laying hens for 4 weeks. At the termination of the experiments, all animals were autopsied and examined microscopically for pathological lesions, but no pathology that could be related to dietary treatment was observed. Hemoglobin, packed cell volume and plasma cholesterol were similar in animals fed all of the diets. Growth rate of rats and egg production of hens fed the experimental diets were similar to those of animals fed the control diet. After 3 and 6 months of storage, eggs from hens fed the inactivated cyclopropenoids were normal and showed no evidence of the unusual characteristics of cyclopropenoid feeding. Lipids of heart, liver and adipose tissues of all the rats and hens varied little from the normal fatty acid composition. Small amounts of three unidentified fatty acids were found in the adipose tissues of rats fed the higher levels of inactivated cyclopropenoids. The results of these feeding studies suggest that inactivation of cyclopropenoids with fatty acids eliminates the unusual biological effects attributable to cyclopropenoids. Presented at the AOCS Meeting, New Orleans, April 1970.     

高压电动机受潮现场处理的技术分析

山东铝业公司水泥厂（以下简称我厂）运行的大型高压电动机较多．有时由于长时间停运或者环境的潮湿，导致电动机的绝缘水平下降，致使电动机不能再次正常启动。因大型电动机是企业的关键设备，其运行好坏直接影响企业生产的正常与否，进而影响企业效益。     

PPH治疗混合痔的护理体会

目的探讨混合痔行PPH的护理方法。方法99例混合痔患者均行PPH,手术前向患者介绍住院环境、住院须知,告知治疗方法及护理上需要的配合,饮食、排便的注意事项,术前准备等;术后体位及恢复饮食时间,大小便情况观察及各种外用药的使用,出血护理及伤口护理,肛门功能锻炼;制定入院评估,印制出院指导。结果99例患者痔核明显回缩,顺利出院。结论混合痔PPH的术前术后护理对患者顺利康复有重要意义。     

Fabric impregnated with TiO2 gel with self-cleaning property

Cotton fabric decorated with TiO₂ synthesized by sol-gel approach was investigated as a self-cleaning material depending on the TiO₂ loading (1.5 wt% in the case of single layered fabric and 3 wt% in the case of double layered). The materials were investigated by SEM, EDX, XRD, FTIR, and photoactivity. The self-cleaning property was established by determining the amount of the coated dust, the elemental composition, the carbon content, the opacity, and the water contact angle. The self-cleaning property of the impregnated fabric was accentuated by TiO₂ loading. The dust deposited on the single layer fabric stored inside was 3.8 wt% lower than on the nonimpregnated fabric and that deposited on double layer fabric, respectively, was reduced by 9.1 wt%. The decrease in the deposited dust was more accentuated for the samples stored outside (4.2 wt% for the single layer fabric and 16 wt% for the double layer fabric, as compared with the nonimpregnated textile).     

OMC法煤气脱硫装置的操作经验

讨论了在ＯＭＣ法煤气脱硫工艺中,贫液碱度、贫液中盐类含量、脱硫剂ＯＭＣ浓度和ＯＭＣ质量等因素对煤气脱硫效率的影响,指出了提高脱硫效率的途径和降低消耗的经验。     

复合扰流柱的螺旋内构件反应器内流体的宏观混合

在管式反应器内插入复合扰流柱的螺旋型内构件,采用脉冲示踪法测定了反应器内流体的停留时间分布,研究了器内流体的宏观混合特性,分析了该内构件强化混合的机理. 结果表明,复合扰流柱的螺旋型内构件反应器内的流体流动更接近于活塞流,其轴向扩散模型参数Pe为螺旋型内构件反应器的1.02~1.28倍,为不带内构件反应器的1.35~1.77倍. 复合扰流柱的螺旋型内构件能显著增强器内的二次流动,从而强化了宏观混合效果.