北京经济技术开发区迎来“金太阳”

2010年12月2日在锦江富园酒店召开的"金太阳示范工程和太阳能光电建筑应用示范工程工作会议"上,财政部经济建设司司长李敬辉宣布了包括北京经济技术开发区在内的首批13个太阳能光伏发电集中应用示范区名单。财政部副部长张少春,科技部副部长曹健林,国家能源局副局长刘琦,北京市委常委、常务副市长吉林及国家电网公司副总经理帅军庆共同点亮水晶球,为北京经济技术开发区太阳能光伏发电集中应用示范区正式揭牌。     

保定:“金太阳示范工程”样板城市

河北保定自成为"金太阳示范工程"全国样本城市以来,太阳能光伏发电就惠及到了市民。英利员工可利用来自车棚顶上的光伏屋顶并网发电项目在产业园车棚内集体免费充电。     

国家四部门共同点亮“金太阳”(上)——金太阳示范工程和太阳能光电建筑应用示范工程工作会议纪实

2010年12月2日,由财政部、科技部、住房和城乡建设部、国家能源局四部委联合,在北京经济技术开发区锦江富园酒店召开了金太阳示范工程和太阳能光电建筑应用示范工程工作会议,旨在认真贯彻国务院节能减排和发展新能源战略     

国家四部门共同点亮“金太阳”(下)——“金太阳”示范工程和太阳能光电建筑应用示范工程工作会议纪实

科技部副部长曹健林:依靠科技创新引领和支撑光伏产业持续健康发展能源紧缺和气候变化已成为当今世界各国面临的共同挑战,大力发展包括太阳能在内的新能源产业,走绿色、低碳、环保、生态的可持续发展道路,已成为各国的广泛共识。我们必须对未来清洁能源的发展趋势有一个正确的判断,要立足现状,筹划未来,在新一轮的国际新能源竞争中占据有利地位。截至2009年底,我国太阳电池年产量已超过4000MW,占全球总产量的40%,我国已成为名副其实的全球太阳电池生产大国。然而我们还称不上强国,太阳电池的核心技术还掌握在美国、德国、日本等国家的手中,我们赚取的只是薄利。科技部副部长曹健林表示,科技创新     

北京启动校园光伏屋顶工程

正2012年9月14日,北京市百兆瓦阳光校园金太阳光伏屋顶工程开工仪式在北京市八一中学举行,北京市副市长洪峰,国家财政部部长助理、党组成员余蔚平,国家能源局新能源司副司长梁志鹏等出席。"百兆瓦阳光校园金太阳光伏屋顶工程"是指在全市所有具备安装条件的大、中、小学校园及相关教育设施建筑物上建设屋顶太阳能光伏发电用户侧并网系统,总装机容量为100兆瓦,每年可为首都200万师生带来约1.2亿度的绿色电力,也是我国最大规模的公共机构太阳能光伏屋顶项目。目前,国家财政部、国家能源局等部门已将该项目列为了中央金太阳项目     

屋顶上的“金太阳”

6月底,财政部、科技部、国家能源局发布《关于做好2011年金太阳示范工作的通知》,一时金太阳工程又成为行业内争论的焦点。此次政策与2010年政策有怎样的区别?是大同小异还是各有侧重?     

江苏隆昌新能源10MW太阳能光伏屋顶项目成功并网

由江苏隆昌新能源公司投资的常州市新北区工业厂房屋顶光伏发电示范项目近日成功并入国家电网。     

美加州启动“屋顶太阳能工程”

美国加利福尼亚州启动了一项“屋顶太阳能工程”,此举旨在提高加州利用可再生能源的能力。 根据工程计划,南加州部分商业楼房的房顶将率先安装先进的太阳能光伏发电装置,安装面积将达到604万m^2。工程建成后,这些设施的发电功率将达到250MW,能满足南加州16．2万个家庭的生活用电。     

美加州启动“屋顶太阳能工程”

美国加利福尼亚州启动了一项“屋顶太阳能工程”,此举旨在提高加州利用可再生能源的能力。 根据工程计划,南加州部分商业楼房的房顶将率先安装先进的太阳能光伏发电装置,安装面积将达到604万m^2。工程建成后,这些设施的发电功率将达到250MW,能满足南加州16．2万个家庭的生活用电。     

易事特屋顶分布式发电站荣列国家太阳能光电建筑示范工程

近日,国家财政部下发2011年太阳能光电建筑应用示范补助资金预算的通知,易事特500kWp工业厂房屋顶分布式光伏发电站荣列国家太阳能光电建筑示范工程,并将给予相关财政补贴。这是继易事特"教育部光伏系统工程研究中心产业化基地"成立后取得的又一重大成果,不仅为易事特光伏产业实现量产化提供了有力条件,而且     

Economic,political and psychological barriers to building the new energy conversion machinery

The importance of the short time scale for the introduction of new energy technologies is indicated and the possible effects outlined. the barriers to changes in philosophy on energy matters are discussed and some approaches are suggested.     

Incorporating life cycle assessments into building project decision-making: An energy consumption and CO2 emission perspective

In the past two decades, the globalization of financial markets and multinational trade has intensified internationally, and become increasingly competitive. In the construction industry, critical changes are initiated to reduce operating costs for achieving sustainable operation. Conventional cost pricing for building projects no longer apply as energy shortage and environmental pollution are new challenges faced by construction companies. Many countries have attempted to solve the CO₂ emission problems by levying a carbon tax, which leads to a higher cost for construction companies. Therefore, this study aims to adopt life cycle assessment (LCA) in order to assess CO₂ emission costs and apply a mathematical programming approach to allocate limited resources to maximize profits for construction companies.     

Investigating and analysing the energy and environmental performance of an experimental green roof system installed in a nursery school building in Athens,Greece

This paper deals with the experimental investigation and analysis of the energy and environmental performance of a green roof system installed in a nursery school building in Athens. The investigation was implemented in two phases. During the first phase, an experimental investigation of the green roof system efficiency was presented and analysed, while in the second one the energy savings was examined through a mathematical approach by calculating both the cooling and heating load for the summer and winter period for the whole building as well as for its top floor. The energy performance evaluation showed a significant reduction of the building's cooling load during summer. This reduction varied for the whole building in the range of 6–49% and for its last floor in the range of 12–87%. Moreover, the influence of the green roof system in the building's heating load was found insignificant, and this can be regarded a great advantage of the system as any interference in the building shell for the reduction of cooling load leads usually to the increase of its heating load.     

Energy policy,the energy price fallacy and the role of nuclear energy in the UK

There is a widespread belief that the world energy problem will be solved by rising prices — closing the ‘gap’ by reducing demand and bringing in new, large, previously overcostly energy sources. The author rejects this view — high prices are the problem not the solution. Supply and demand will be brought into balance at some price, and the objective of energy policy should be to make it as low as we can, by concentrating on the exploitation of large, low-cost energy sources. New energy-saving technologies and new energy sources are more likely to be pursued in such an expensive climate than in the alternative world of high-priced energy.     

Competitiveness,role, and impact of microalgal biodiesel in the global energy future

This paper examines the competitiveness, role, and impact of microalgal biodiesel in the 21st century using a global energy system model with a detailed technological representation. The major conclusions are the following. First, the competitiveness of microalgal biodiesel decreases as CO₂ stabilization constraints become more stringent. The share of microalgal biodiesel and renewable jet fuel produced from it in total global final energy consumption over the time horizon 2010–2100 is 5.1% in the case without CO₂ constraints compared with 3.9% and 0.7% in the case of CO₂ stabilization at 550 ppmv and 400 ppmv, respectively. This is because production and combustion of microalgal biodiesel release as much CO₂ as is captured from anthropogenic sources and assimilated by microalgae and because CO₂ prices raised by stringent CO₂ stabilization constraints make the economics of microalgal biodiesel unattractive. Second, the competitiveness of microalgal biodiesel is also greatly affected by microalgal production cost and microalgal lipid yield. Under a 400 ppmv CO₂ stabilization constraint, a 50% microalgal production cost decrease leads to increase in total global microalgal biodiesel production over the time horizon by a factor of 6.5, while a 50% microalgal lipid yield increase leads to increase in it by a factor of 4.5. Third, microalgal biodiesel plays an important role in satisfying the energy demand in the transport sector, thereby replacing petroleum products and Fischer–Tropsch synfuels. An increasing proportion of microalgal biodiesel is converted into renewable jet fuel over time to be used as a fuel for aircraft. Fourth, either without CO₂ constraints or under the 550 ppmv CO₂ stabilization constraint, the participation of microalgal biodiesel in the global energy market would have a large impact on the global energy supply and consumption structure. This is not only because of its substitution for other forms of final energy, but also because of the need to satisfy the demand for CO₂ for microalgal production.     

Inequality across countries in energy intensities: An analysis of the role of energy transformation and final energy consumption

This paper analyzes the role of the energy transformation index and of final energy consumption per GDP unit in the disparities in energy intensity across countries. In that vein, we use a Theil decomposition approach to analyze global primary energy intensity inequality as well as inequality across different regions of the world and inequality within these regions. The paper first demonstrates the pre-eminence of divergence in final energy consumption per GDP unit in explaining global primary energy intensity inequality and its evolution during the 1971-2006 period. Secondly, it shows the lower (albeit non negligible) impact of the transformation index in global primary energy inequality. Thirdly, the relevance of regions as unit of analysis in studying cross-country energy intensity inequality and their explanatory factors is highlighted. And finally, how regions around the world differ as to the relevance of the energy transformation index in explaining primary energy intensity inequality.     

Comparative analysis of energy use in China building sector: current status, existing problems and solutions

Energy use in buildings has attracted more and more attention due to its significant proportion in the energy pan of the world. China is the second largest energy user, yet the situation of energy use in the China building sector remains unclear, due to problems of statistics and data processing and problematic use of these data. In this paper, a series of methods is developed, in the first place, to give strict definitions of energy data and to divide energy use into 4 sub-sectors according to the unique situation of China. Then, each sub-sector is further analyzed through international comparisons. Existing problems of energy use and solutions for energy reduction in each sub-sector are also discussed. Accordingly, it is found that China uses much less energy, in terms of both per capita and unit area, in buildings than developed countries. The difference in energy use could be attributed, in large part, to lifestyles of local people, which could determine their way of energy use but is more determined by cultural concepts than by others such as income, technique and so on, especially in China. However, to fulfill the requirements of lifestyles with higher living standards and lower energy consumption, technological innovations are needed.     

Influencing factors in energy use of housing blocks: a new methodology,based on clustering and energy simulations,for decision making in energy refurbishment projects

In recent years, big efforts have been dedicated to identify which are the factors with highest influence in the energy consumption of residential buildings. These factors include aspects such as weather dependence, user behaviour, socio-economic situation, type of the energy installations and typology of buildings. The high number of factors increases the complexity of analysis and leads to a lack of confidence in the results of the energy simulation analysis. This fact grows when we move one step up and perform global analysis of blocks of buildings. The aim of this study is to report a new methodology for the assessment of the energy performance of large groups of buildings when considering the real use of energy. We combine two clustering methods, Generative Topographic Mapping and k-means, to obtain reference dwellings that can be considered as representative of the different energy patterns and energy systems of the neighbourhood. Then, simulation of energy demand and indoor temperature against the monitored comfort conditions in a short period is performed to obtain end use load disaggregation. This methodology was applied in a district at Terrassa City (Spain), and six reference dwellings were selected. Results showed that the method was able to identify the main patterns and provide occupants with feasible recommendations so that they can make required decisions at neighbourhood level. Moreover, given that the proposed method is based on the comparison with similar buildings, it could motivate building occupants to implement community improvement actions, as well as to modify their behaviour.