Reaction of nitron fibre with nickel during the chemical metallization process

Conclusions The structure and properties of metallized Nitron fibre have been studied by the methods of measuring electrical conductivity, polymer extraction, sorption of water vapor, IR spectroscopy, and thermomechanical investigation.It has been shown that metallization causes a significant change in the electrophysical, sorptive, and thermomechanical properties of Nitron fibre.The suggestion has been made that the change in the set of properties of Nitron fibre upon metallization is caused by interactions of various types between the polymer and the metal.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 24–26, September–October, 1987.     

Effect of aqueous treatment on the relaxation properties of fibres based on an aromatic polyamide

Conclusions The effect of water treatment on the relaxation properties of heat-treated fibre based on poly-p-phenylenebenzimidazole (PABI) has been studied by the dynamic mechanical loss method.It has been shown that water treatment leads to a disordering of the highly-oriented state of PABI fibre.The suggestion has been made that the amorphous polymer structure is heterogeneous.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 33–34, March–April, 1988.     

Some current physical chemistry problems in the field of polymer fibres

Conclusions -- Urgent problems in three fundamental directions of the physical chemistry of polymer fibres have been examined: molecular-weight characteristics, phase equilibria, and fibre structure and morphology.-- The urgency of the following types of studies has been established: interconnection of ultrahigh-molecular weight with fibre properties, character of the effect of the solvent on macromolecule rigidity, complete phase diagrams, criteria for the liquid-crystalline structure, and pore structure and morphology of the shish-kebab type.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 17–19, September–October, 1991.     

Chemical changes in polyvinyl fluoride during the process of fibre-spinning

Conclusions The change in some properties of polyvinyl fluoride during the process of fibre spinning has been investigated.It has been found that during the process of converting PVF powder into fibre, the degree of polymer crystallinity plus its resistance to thermal and thermooxidative degradation is increased; depending on the spinning regime, the densities and physicomechanical properties of PVF fibres are different.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 34–35, July–August, 1984.     

Alkaline hydrolysis of nitrile groups in hydrazided nitron fibre

Conclusions The process of alkaline hydrolysis of nitrile groups in hydrazided Nitron fibre has been studied. It has been shown that introduction of hydrazidine groups into the polymer chain catalyzes the alkaline hydrolysis process because of a change in the basicity of the polymer chain.A cation-exchange VION KN-1 fibre has been prepared with higher physico-mechanical properties, which still retains satisfactory sorptive properties.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 7–8, May–June, 1988.     

Preparation of ftorlon fibre filled with manganese dioxide

Conclusions The possibility of obtaining catalytic fibres by introducing the catalyst as a filler into the structure of Ftorlon fibre has been established.Sorptive properties of Ftorlon fibre spun in the absence of filler as a function of the amount of polyethylene glycol added to a spinning solution of the fibre-forming polymer and of the spinning conditions have been investigated, as well as the morphology of the surface of the modified Ftorlon fibre.It has been discovered that, by choosing the composition of the spinning solution and the conditions of spinning Ftorlon fibre filled with manganese dioxide, it is possible to obtain a fibre having a porous structure which ensures accessibility of the filler to reagents.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 31–33, March–April, 1988.     

Supermolecular structure of diacetate fibres which have been modified with polytetrafluoroethylene

Conclusions It has been found that the degree and character of structural transformations of acetate fibre in the process of graft polymerization of PTFE depend on the content of grafted-on polymer.The grafted-on polymer is localized both on the surface and also in free spaces inside the fibre.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 27–29, May–June, 1988.     

Operational properties of the chemisorptive fibre VION AN-1

Conclusions Boundary conditions have been determined for the regeneration of VION AN-1 fibre which ensure retention of its sorptive properties on repeated use.The rate of sorption of acid vapors depends on the original fibre structure only at a low relative humidity of the gas stream.On sorption of acid vapor by the moistened fibre, hydration of the ionogenic groups of the polymer takes place; this leads to a change in its structure. In this case, the rate of sorption does not depend on the porosity of the original fibre.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 37–38, May–June, 1987.     

Cooling of the polymer jet in fibre spinning

Conclusions The effect of various technological parameters (jet stretch ratio, temperature and flow rate of the polymer melt, temperature and velocity of the air which cools the melt, and rheological characteristics of the polymer) on the change in temperature and viscosity of the polymer jet along the length of the spinning zone has been investigated.It has been shown that the temperature of the cooling air, the Stanton number, and the velocity of the cooling air exert the greatest effect on the fibre temperature at the take-up device, but jet stretch ratio and rheological properties of the melt affect fibre temperature only slightly.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 19–20, November–December, 1987.     

A set of textile auxiliaries for finishing Lanom fibre

Conclusions The effect of TA on the physico-chemical properties of aqueous solutions has been investigated, as well as the electrophysical and frictional properties of Lanom fibre.It has been shown that the preparations Stearox 6 and composition 2 are effective for finishing Lanom fibre at a content of 0.3–0.6% on the fibre surface.Treatment with these TA assures the needed physico-mechanical and electrophysical properties, reduces the coefficient of friction by 17–26% as compared with that of the untreated fibre, and improves the ability of Lanom fibre to be processed.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 42–43, November–December, 1986.     

Some features of heterophase graft polymerization on synthetic fibers from thermoplastic polymers

Conclusions A considerable effect of structural-physical properties and molecular dynamics of the polymer as a solid on the process of radical graft polymerization to fibres from thermoplastic polymers which have been spun from the melt has been found.In the case of heterophase graft polymerization of vinyl monomers to polypropylene fibre, it has been shown that orderedness of the polymer structure primarily affects the initiation stage.High kinetic parameters of heterophase graft polymerization in oriented systems from thermoplastic polymers can be realized only at temperatures which exceed the glass point of the polymer matrix.Moscow Textile Institute. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 7–9, January–February, 1987.     

Change in molecular weight characteristics of an aromatic copolyamide during the polycondensation process

Conclusions The change in molecular weight characteristics and in viscosimetric data during the synthesis process of an aromatic copolyamide has been analyzed. It has been found that, with rise in the degree of completion of the reaction, at definite molecular weight values the dynamic viscosity rises sharply, which indicates the presence of a significant structural component of this system.The effect of polymer molecular weight on fibre physicomechanical properties has been shown. An increase in fibre strength has been noted on increase in molecular weight from 5400 to 7300. The impairment in physicomechanical properties on further increase in polymer molecular weight is connected with difficulties in processing the strongly structured spinning solutions. Processing polymer with a high molecular weight, and, as a consequence, with an elevated dynamic viscosity requires new approaches both to spinning conditions and, possibly, also to synthesis conditions.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 29–30, March–April, 1989.     

Changes in the physicomechanical properties of nitron fibre during the metallization process

Conclusions The effect of metallizing conditions and of deposited metal content on the physicomechanical properties and heat-resistance of original and metallized fibre specimens has been investigated.It has been found that heat-treatment under the conditions of metallization or the introduction of metal up to 4.2% by wt. essentially does not impair the strength characteristics of the fibre, and considerably improves its elastic properties.The heat-resistance of the metallized fibres exceeds that of the original Nitron fibre.Tashkent Institute of Textile and Light Industry. Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 1, pp. 22–23, January–February, 1987.     

Interaction of a cuprammonium cellulose solution with aqueous-organic precipitation baths

Conclusions The effect of the composition and properties of aqueous solutions of nonelectrolytes on the thermodynamics of formation of a polymer phase during the process of spinning a cuprammonium fibre by the wet method has been investigated on the basis of contemporary concepts about aqueous solutions of nonelectrolytes.It has been shown that stabilization of the water structure by the nonelectrolyte and increase in H-bonding between the water molecules and the nonelectrolyte aids in the formation of fibres with higher physicomechanical properties.The suggestion has been made that it is possible to predict the composition of the aqueous-organic precipitation bath on the basis of contemporary concepts about the structure of aqueous solutions of nonelectrolytes.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 2, pp. 44–46, March–April, 1985.     

Effect of technological spinning transitions on the properties of nickel-containing nitron fibre

Conclusions The effect of technological spinning transitions on the properties of an electrically-conducting metallized Nitron fibre has been investigated.It has been shown that in mechanical crimping the mechanical and electrically-conducting properties of a nickel-containing fibre are considerably impaired. During the spinning process, a considerable leveling out of the nickel content of the fibre and of its electrical resistance takes place.Processing of the nickel-containing fibre should be carried out with elimination of the mechanical crimping process. Thereupon the change in fibre properties takes place mainly during the process of preparing the combed lap.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 39–40, September–October, 1985.     

Change in the thermomechanical properties of yarns based on polyphenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole as a result of heat-stretching

Conclusions An effect of additional heat-stretching on the relaxation properties of fibre based on polyphenylene-1,3,4-oxadiazole has been shown.It has been found that heat stretching leads to an expansion in the region of polymer processability, and depletes the relaxation spectrum.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 3, pp. 29–30, May–June, 1985.     

Effect of the polymer matrix on the properties of fibres prepared by sintering polymer dispersions

Conclusions An approximate estimate is given for the volume of the pores which arise on a statistically dense packing of spherical particles with a known radius distribution, as applicable to processes of preparing fibres from polymer dispersions in a polymer-thickener medium.The dependence of the physicomechanical properties of polytetrafluoroethylene fibres on the ratio between the original volume of the cellulose matrix and the volume of the pores which arise on packing the disperse particles of Teflon has been shown. An abrupt decrease in the maximum stretch ratio and in fibre strength is connected with the fact that an excess of cellulose hinders the process of sintering the polytetrafluoroethylene particles and increases the number of defects in the fibre structure.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 29–30, November–December, 1983.     

Fibres from a mixture of xylylene diamides obtained from a natural mixture of xylenes

Conclusions 1. A process has been developed for obtaining polymer and fibre of Xylon MP, based on the natural m-xylene fraction.2. A comparative study has been made of the properties of Xylon MP and Xylon M fibres.3. It has been shown that the heat resistance and thermal stability of fibre obtained from Xylon MP are superior to those of Xylon M fibre.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Man-Made Fibre (VNIIV). Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 6, pp. 59–61, November–December, 1969.     

Viscose fibres from hydroxyethylcellulose of low degree of substitution

Conclusions The effect of introducing small quantities of hydroxyethyl groups into cellulose (=6–10) on the structure and properties of various types of viscose fibres has been studied. The structure and properties of cord fibre and cord are not affected, but the properties of textile yarn deteriorate sharply. There is a significant change in the structure of polynosic fibre and in some of its properties: the brittleness is reduced, simultaneously with an increase in alkali solubility and swelling in water.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Synthetic Fibres (VNIIV). Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 4, pp. 55–57, July–August, 1969.     

Effect of aerodynamic spinning parameters and polymer properties on fibre diameter

Conclusions On the basis of theoretical calculations by a mathematical model of the process of aerodynamic spinning of polymer melts, whose adequacy has been established from experimental data, the sensitivity of final fibre diameters to change in technological spinning parameters and on the thermophysical and rheological properties of the polymer has been determined.It has been shown that among the factors which most significantly affect the final fibre diameter are the velocity of air movement in the ejector, the polymer flow rate, the temperature of the melt, the density of the melt, the viscosity anomaly, and the activation energy of viscous flow.Translated from Khimicheskie Volokna, No. 5, pp. 37–39, September–October, 1988.