In situ synthesis,microstructure, mechanical properties and thermal shock resistance of (ZrB2 + SiC)/Zr2[Al(Si)]4C5 composites

Dense (ZrB₂ + SiC)/Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅ composites with adjustable content of (ZrB₂ + SiC) reinforcements (0–30 vol.%) were prepared by in situ hot-pressing. The microstructure, room and high temperature mechanical and thermal physical properties, as well as thermal shock resistance of the composites were investigated and compared with monolithic Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅ ceramic. ZrB₂ and SiC incorporated by in situ reaction significantly improve the mechanical properties of Z₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅ by the synergistic action of many mechanisms including particulate reinforcement, crack deflection, branching, bridging, “self-reinforced” microstructure and grain-refinement. With (ZrB₂ + SiC) content increasing, the flexural strength, toughness and Vickers hardness show a nearly linear increase from 353 to 621 MPa, 3.88 to 7.85 MPa·m^1/2, and 11.7 to 16.7 GPa, respectively. Especially, the 30 vol.% (ZrB₂ + SiC)/Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅ composite retains a high modulus up to 1511 °C (357 GPa, 86% of that at 25 °C) and superior strength (404 MPa) at 1300 °C in air. The composite shows higher thermal conductivity (25–1200 °C) and excellent thermal shock resistance at ΔT up to 550 °C. Superior properties render the composites a promising prospect as ultra-high-temperature ceramics.     

VC and Cr3C2 doped WCoB-TiC ceramic composites prepared by hot-pressing

The grain growth inhibitors (GGIs) VC and Cr₃C₂ doped WCoB-TiC ceramic composites were fabricated by hot-pressing. The microstructure, hardness, transverse rupture strength (TRS), fracture toughness (K_IC) and wear-resistance of WCoB-TiC ceramic composites were investigated. The results reveal that the grains can obviously become refined and the densification temperature of WCoB-TiC ceramic composites will be increased due to the VC and Cr₃C₂. The typical microstructure of WCoB-TiC ceramic composites mainly consist of bright W₂CoB₂ grains, gray TiC particles, dark TiB₂ and pores. WCoB-TiC ceramic composites doped with 0.3 wt% VC and 0.3 wt% Cr₃C₂ hot-pressing at 1420 °C show the optimum mechanical properties (hardness, TRS and K_IC are 92.6 HRA, 1976 MPa and 14.8 MPa m^1/2, respectively) and the best dry sliding wear-resistance.     

原位反应热压SiCp/MoSi2复合材料的组织与性能

以Mo粉、Si粉和C粉为原料,采用原位反应热压一次复合工艺制备不同含量SiC颗粒增强的SiCp/MoSi2试样,并研究其室温抗弯强度、断裂韧性、相对密度以及显微组织。结果表明,原位反应热压一次复合工艺制备的SiCp/MoSi2复合材料的强韧性比纯MoSi2有了大幅度的提高,当SiC含量为40vol%时,SiCp/MoSi2复合材料的抗弯强度达到最大,为475.2MPa,当SiC含量为50vol%时,复合材料的断裂韧性达到最大,为5.45MPa.m1/2。原位形成的SiC使MoSi2基体晶粒得到明显细化,并减少和消除了脆性的SiO2玻璃相。SiCp/MoSi2复合材料强韧性的提高主要是由于晶粒细化、SiC颗粒弥散强化以及脆性SiO2玻璃相的减少和消除。     

Isothermal oxidation of Zr2[Al(Si)]4C5–SiC composites at 1000–1300 °C in air

The effect of SiC on the oxidation performance of Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅–SiC composites at 1000–1300 °C was explored. The present results demonstrated that scale growth on Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅ ceramics obeyed a nearly linear rate law during oxidation, while the oxidation rate of Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅–20SiC ceramics obeyed a nearly parabolic law, increasing rapidly during the initial stages of the reaction and then becoming slower. The oxidation resistance of Zr₂[Al(Si)]₄C₅–20SiC was improved remarkably; this was likely due to the formation of more protective oxide scales on the ceramic consisting of viscid aluminosilicate glass.     

铝熔体中添加NH4Al(SO4)2制备Al/Al2O3复合材料

向铝熔体中添加脱水的硫酸铝铵,于900℃下发生分解反应,反应分解的Al2O3原位生成颗粒增强铝基复合材料。SEM观察表明,Al2O3颗粒在铝基体中细小弥散分布,形成球形的、不团聚的增强体颗粒。与基材相比,Al/Al2O3复合材料的耐磨损性能明显提高,耐磨性是基材的4倍,且由硫酸铝铵原位生成的复合材料耐磨性优于添加氧化铝形成的复合材料。拉伸实验结果显示,复合材料的抗拉强度没有明显变化,且塑性有所降低。     

Mechanical properties of Cf／Si-O-C composites prepared by hot-pressing assisted pyrolysis of polysiloxane

1　INTRODUCTIONContinuousfiberreinforcedceramicmatrixcom posites(CFRCMCs)show greattalentforovercomingthebrittlenessofmonolithicceramicsandareattrac tivematerialsforapplicationsrequiringlowmass ,highstrengthandtoughnessatelevatedtempera tures .Generally ,thereareseveralmethodstofabri cateCFRCMCs ,suchaschemicalvaporinfiltration(CVI) ,slurryinfiltrationcombinedwithhot pressing ,reactionbonding ,andpolymer infiltra tion pyrolysis(PIP) .ThePIProutehasgainedincreasingattentioninrecent…     

Al-Si/Al_2O_3 in situ composite prepared by displacement reaction of CuO/Al system

Al2O3 particle-reinforced ZL109 composite was prepared by in situ reaction between CuO and Al.The microstructure was observed by means of OM,SEM and TEM.The Al2O3 particles in sub-micron sizes distribute uniformly in the matrix,and the Cu displaced from the in situ reaction forms net-like alloy phases with other alloy elements.The hardness and the tensile strength of the composites at room temperature have a slight increase as compared to that of the matrix.However,the tensile strength at 350 ℃ has reached 90.23 MPa,or 16.92 MPa higher than that of the matrix.The mechanism of the reaction in the CuO/Al system was studied by using of differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) and thermodynamic calculation.The reaction between CuO and Al involves two steps.First,CuO reacts with Al to form Cu2O and Al2O3 at the melting temperature of the matrix alloy,and second,Cu2O reacts with Al to form Cu and Al2O3 at a higher temperature.At ZL109 casting temperature of 750-780 ℃,the second step can also take place because of the effect of exothermic reaction of the first step.     

液体中脉冲放电制备(Ti,Al)C陶瓷涂层的研究

用粉末模压成型工艺和无压烧结方法制备了Ti-Al混合烧结工具电极,采用所制备的电极在煤油中对45钢表面进行脉冲放电沉积(Ti,Al)C陶瓷涂层。探讨了粉体配比对工具电极致密度和相组成以及对液相放电所制备的涂层组织与表面形貌的影响。结果表明,随着Al含量的提高,工具电极密度和相对密度先下降后升高,当Al含量为60%时,电极密度达到最小;XRD结果显示制备出涂层的物相主要为(Ti,Al)C,而制备出的涂层表面形貌明显不同,随着电极中Al元素的升高,熔滴状的熔池尺寸越来越大,宏观上越来越粗糙,截面涂层厚度约为20μm。     

Mechanical properties and microstructure of Al2O3/Ti(C,N)/CaF2@Al2O3 self-lubricating ceramic tool

Due to the poor mechanical properties of solid lubricants, direct addition to the ceramic matrix will reduce the mechanical properties of the material. In this study, Al(OH)₃ was coated on the surface of nano CaF₂ by non-uniform nucleation method and added to Al₂O₃/Ti(C,N) ceramic matrix. Al₂O₃/Ti(C,N)/CaF₂@Al₂O₃ was prepared by vacuum hot pressing sintering. Compared with the material directly added with nano-solid lubricant, the mechanical properties of ceramic tools added with coated nano-solid lubricant have been significantly improved. Among them, when the content of coated nano-solid lubricant is 10 vol%, the ceramic material has better comprehensive mechanical properties. SEM observation shows that the cross-sectional particle distribution of nano-coated powder ceramic material is relatively uniform and has good compactness. The fracture mode of ceramic materials is a mixed fracture mode of intergranular fracture and transgranular fracture.     

高速电弧喷涂Fe-TiB2/Al2O3复合涂层的组织及性能

采用低碳钢包覆0～70%TiB2/Al2O3硬质相的粉芯丝材和高速电弧喷涂(HVAS)原位合成MMC涂层,分析和测试了涂层的组织、相组成及耐磨粒磨损性能.结果表明:涂层的性能由其组织和相组成决定,HVAS的非平衡制造过程在涂层中形成多种相:在Fe基固溶体上存在TiB2、Al2O3、FexB及少量的金属间化合物AlFe3和NiAl;随着TiB2及Al2O3在涂层中体积分数的增加,涂层的耐磨粒磨损性能明显提高,磨损质量损失随陶瓷相体积分数的增加呈线性减少;添加合金元素Ni和Al可降低孔隙率,增加涂层耐磨性.使用HVAS方法制备了含TiB2的高性能耐磨复合陶瓷涂层.     

热梯度CVI C/C材料的结构与性能

以炭纤维整体毡为预制体，采用热梯度CVI工艺制备了两种不同结构基体炭的C／C材料，即RL结构和SL结构材料。采用光学金相仪，X射线衍射仪，硬度计，激光导热仪等设备研究了沉积态和热处理态C／C材料的显微结构及热物理性能。对比研究了两种结构材料的力学性能及摩擦摩损性能。结果表明：当密度超过一定值后，密度对C／C材料的力学性能和摩擦性能的影响远不如CVD炭结构的影响大；不管是沉积态还是热处理态，RL结构材料的刹车性能曲线明显优于SL结构材料的刹车性能曲线，这意味着CVD炭的微观结构不同是造成C／C材料摩擦性能差异的根本原因。     

在AZ91D表面SHS反应热喷涂Al-CuO系Al2O3基复相陶瓷涂层

采用SHS反应火焰喷涂技术,把Al-CuO系铝热剂引入到喷涂材料中,在AZ91D表面制备了Al2O3基复相陶瓷涂层.结果表明:SHS反应热喷涂层综合性能明显优于传统热喷涂层,传统热喷涂层的热震次数、开气孔率、耐蚀性和耐磨性分别为14次、17.4%、基体的24倍和8.5倍;而反应热喷涂层则分别为40次、15.2%、基体的37倍和10.6倍.若辅以Ni-Al合金打底,喷后重熔工艺可使反应喷涂层的综合性能进一步提高.     

Microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2O3/Er3Al5O12/ZrO2 prepared by a high-frequency zone melting method

Oxide directionally solidified eutectic ceramics (DSECs) have excellent mechanical properties, oxidation resistance, and ablation resistance in an ultra-high temperature environment above 1600 °C. In this study, Al₂O₃/Er₃Al₅O₁₂/ZrO₂ ternary DSECs were prepared by high-frequency induction zone melting. Their diameters were considerably greater than those of samples prepared with other processing techniques under the conditions where the microstructures were uniform. The component, microstructure, and mechanical properties in these samples were investigated. The results indicate that these DSECs were composed of only Al₂O₃, Er₃Al₅O₁₂, and ZrO₂ phases. As the solidification rate increased, both the eutectic phase size and eutectic spacing decreased continuously, and the microstructure was refined. The relationship between the eutectic spacing and solidification rate satisfied the formula λ²ν ≈ 33.8 ± 0.49. A polygonal colony structure appeared at a growth rate of 6.7 μm/s, which was associated with the uneven distribution of the temperature field. The hardness and indentation fracture resistance increased marginally with an increase in solidification rate, achieving 17.6 ± 0.8 GPa and 5.0 ± 0.5 MPa·m^1/2, respectively. The hardness of the Al₂O₃/Er₃Al₅O₁₂/ZrO₂ ternary DSEC was 18.3% less than that of the Al₂O₃/Er₃Al₅O₁₂ binary DSEC owing to the reduced hardness of the ZrO₂ phase added in the eutectic composition. The ternary DSEC's indentation fracture resistance was 88.4% greater than that of the binary eutectic ceramic owing to the phase transformation toughening of the ZrO₂ phase.     

原位合成Al3(Zr,Ti)/2024Al复合材料的组织与性能

以2024Al合金粉末为基体材料,纯Zr粉和纯Ti粉为增强体材料,采用粉末冶金原位合成的方法制备出了不同Al3(Zr,Ti)含量的Al3(Zr,Ti)/2024Al复合材料,并对其在500℃下进行热挤压变形处理,测试其组织与性能的变化.结果 表明:在复合材料内部生成了不同含量的Al3(Zr,Ti)增强相,且随着Al3(...     

In situ formation of Si2N2O and TiN in Si3N4-based ceramic composites

Powder mixtures of silicon nitride (Si₃N₄) with 6 wt% Y₂O₃ and containing up to 63 wt% TiO₂ were hot-pressed. The obtained ceramics are investigated using high temperature X-ray diffraction, the impulse excitation technique, and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that during hot pressing, the TiO₂ additives were converted to TiN, and silicon oxynitride (Si₂N₂O) was formed. The addition of TiO₂ was found to enhance the α to β-Si₃N₄ conversion during sintering. A decreased thermal expansion of the crystal structure of the β-Si₃N₄ phase is observed with increasing TiO₂ amount. The influence of the TiO₂ content of the powder mixture on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the densified ceramics was elucidated and the observed reaction mechanisms are thermodynamically and kinetically analyzed.     

真空热压SiC_p/2024Al复合材料力学性能与显微结构

采用真空热压法制备了体积分数为30%的Si Cp/2024Al复合材料,研究了该复合材料的显微组织结构及力学性能。结果表明,复合材料组织致密,颗粒与基体界面结合状况较好,Si C颗粒在铝基体中基本上分布均匀。经490℃、2 h固溶处理和170℃、8 h人工时效后,Si Cp/2024Al复合材料的抗拉强度、屈服强度和伸长率分别为409 MPa、325 MPa和4.9%,基体中存在大量的纳米析出相为S'(Al2Cu Mg)。随Si C颗粒加入,复合材料力学性能提高,其断裂方式为基体开裂和界面处撕裂。     

真空热压烧结制备SiCp/Al-30Si复合材料的组织及强化机理

以低膨胀的SiC颗粒为增强体,Al-30Si合金粉为基体材料,对SiCp进行1100℃保温3h+水洗预处理,通过球磨混料,利用真空热压法制备25 SiCp/Al-30Si复合材料,测定了试验材料的力学性能.利用扫描电镜(SEM)和透射电镜(TEM)对试验材料的微观组织形态进行了观察,采用XRD技术对其物相进行了表征,分析了SiCp预处理对试验材料组织及性能的影响.结果表明,热压法制备的复合材料增强颗粒与基体结合良好,界面清晰,无界面反应发生,SiCp经过预处理后复合材料的力学性能得到了提高.并探讨了复合材料的强化机理.     

原位合成TiB2的定量计算及Cu-TiB2复合材料性能的研究

以Ti粉、B粉和Cu粉为原材料,球磨后,采用原位热压法合成Cu-15wt%TiB₂复合材料。详细讨论了Cu-Ti-B体系的反应过程。通过XRD、SEM、EDS、XPS等手段,确定了Ti和B在Cu基体中原位合成了TiB₂,并利用XRD制作TiB₂和Cu的定标曲线,采用外标法计算出不同烧结温度下TiB₂的合成率,结果表明,在一定的温度范围内,温度越高,合成率越高,在1000℃时TiB₂的合成率可达99.27%。并测试Cu-1.5 wt%TiB₂块状试样的维氏硬度,电导率和三点弯曲强度,分别为125.68 MPa、80.1% IACS和755.2 MPa,在100℃时的热膨胀系数和导热系数分别为9.3×10_-6 /K和260 W/mK。     

Microstructure,hardness and indentation toughness of C40 Mo(Si,Al)2/ZrO2 composites prepared by SPS of MA powders

The nano- and micron-scale composite structures, Mo/Mo₅Si₃, Al₂O₃ and Mo_0.34Zr_0.20Si_0.46 phases have been observed in spark plasma sintered (SPS) C40 Mo(Si,Al)₂/ZrO₂ materials. The hardness of C40 Mo(Si,Al)₂/ZrO₂ composites is around 14 GPa. The indentation toughness lies in 2.69–2.94 MPa m^1/2 range that is approximately 50% higher than toughness of C40 Mo(Si,Al)₂ phase.