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圆度误差的最小二乘法、最小包容区域法和最优函数法评定精度之比较 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
目的在于寻找符合最小条件的圆度误差评定方法。首先详细介绍圆度误差评定的最小二乘法、最小包容区域法和最优函数法的算法模型与实现方法;然后,在三坐标测量机上对被测圆进行采样点坐标数据提取,分别用最小二乘法、最小包容区域法和最优函数法对给定圆进行误差评定。结果表明,最小包容区域法评定精度最高,最优函数法评定精度次之,最小二乘法评定精度较低。 相似文献
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本文使用高精度坐标测量机获得原始测量数据后,首先建立了最小二乘法评定平面度误差的测量模型,接着对各输入量的标准不确定度及不确定度分量进行了分析,最后给出了最终测量结果。 相似文献
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激光测振仪独立线性度的测量不确定度 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
介绍了用最小二乘法评价外差式激光测振仪信号处理电路线性度指标时测量结果的不确定度分析和评定过程.讨论了影响线性度测量不确定度的几个主要误差来源,包括信号源误差、被校仪器响应误差、被校仪器线、性度、标准仪器测量误差等等.给出了减小线性度测量不确定度的主要措施:①环境控制措施,以减少环境带来的不确定度;②选取高精度信号,以减少信号源误差带来的不确定度;③选取高精度标准测量仪器,以减少测量误差带来的不确定度.对一个实例,给出了激光测振仪信号处理电路线性度指标不确定度分析和评定结果.该过程及结论可应用在相应参数的计量校准中. 相似文献
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提出了一种基于圆/柱度仪的回转体两点尺寸测量的方法。建立了基于标准圆柱直径的圆/柱度仪径向尺寸测量系统误差模型;以最小二乘圆圆心为坐标原点和最小二乘圆圆心与第一个采样点的连线为x轴向,建立新的坐标系。通过坐标平移和旋转,将原坐标系中各采样点的坐标转换到新的坐标系中的坐标,并将其转换成相应的极坐标值;基于这些极坐标值,建立其三次样条插值方程,并由其确定圆柱体的两点尺寸。给出了回转体两点尺寸测量与评定的流程,用所编制的程序对在圆柱度仪上提取的圆柱体要素的轮廓进行了两点尺寸评定与统计分析。该研究将为符合GB/T 24637.3定义的回转体两点尺寸提供一种可行的测量方法。 相似文献
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目的 介绍了用最小二乘法评价线性测量系统性度、直流增益和直流偏移几项指标时,测量结果的不确定度分析和评价过程。方法 讨论了影响评价结果不确定度的几个主要误差来源,包括信号源误差、被校系统测量误差、被校系统增益影响、量程范围内输入信号数值个数、环境影响等等,给出了减小线性度、直流增益和直流偏移几项指标评价不确定度的主要措施:(1)环境控制措施,以减少环境带来的不确定度;(2)选取高精度信号,以减少信 相似文献
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Excel在线性最小二乘法校准的不确定度评定中的应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
本文介绍了如何利用Excel来完成线性最小二乘法校准的不确定度评定 ,文中给出了计算的公式及电子表格的设计方法 ,只要输入对样品的平行测量次数 p和 p次测量的平均值yobs,即可获得被测溶液浓度的估计值xpred及其标准不确定度u(xpred)。 相似文献
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通过圆轮廓直角坐标值或极坐标值可以求得最小二乘拟合圆心坐标和圆半径,依据这两值可以精确计算圆度误差。若测量出圆柱面轮廓坐标值通过各截面圆心坐标可以求出同轴度误差.再通过最小二乘拟合圆柱轴线和半径还可以求得圆柱度误差。本文提出的计算方法很适用于测量仪器的自动数据处理。 相似文献
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Uncertainty estimation in coordinate measuring machine (CMM) measurements is one of the highest priority tasks in modern industrial world due to its importance in the manufacturing metrology, especially if we take into account the fact that workpieces, according to a new generation of geometrical product specifications, can be accepted/rejected only on the basis of the total measurement results. Evaluation of measurement uncertainty of a CMM is a complex task, especially in the verification of errors of forms. Among several standard methods that can be used to estimate measurement uncertainty, we performed a comparison between two of these for the case of flatness measurement. Optical flat was used in order to exclude a number of essential factors in the case study. The results showed that the expanded measurement uncertainty assessed by GUM is greater than the value of the expanded measurement uncertainty obtained using the ISO 15530 method. However, both methodologies have shown that the maximum permissible error of a CMM has the greatest impact on uncertainty and also, that the total result evaluated by both approaches is close to the maximum permissible error of a CMM. 相似文献
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为了避免评定平面度误差时的过度迭代或迭代不足问题,提出以0.467倍测量不确定度与步长比值作为平面度误差评定的终止条件。逼近搜索范围小于0.467倍测量不确定度与步长比值时,继续逼近则无意义。该结束条件比用时间条件和迭代次数、适应度限等作为算法评定平面度误差结束条件更为科学、合理。 相似文献
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数字式电子水平仪节距法测量平直度时,其测量不确定度的主要来源有示值误差,数显量化误差,测量重复性,定位误差等四项。本文讨论定位误差的估算,分析影响定位误差的主要因素,并提出抑制定位误差的方法。 相似文献
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It is important to precisely measure flatness of the optical flats, as many industries use these as reference standards to ensure the quality of precision measurements and fabricated components. This paper describes identification of sources of error and measurement uncertainty evaluation for three flat test. Three flat test is used for absolute flatness measurement of optical flats, with the help of Fizeau interferometer (VerifireXP/D, with phase shift interferometry) established recently at National Physical Laboratory, India (NPL-I). The absolute profile of reference flat with higher accuracy can be determined using liquid level reference but liquid flat reference is more difficult to realize practically. Therefore three flat test is frequently adopted in standard interferometric measurements and traceability of this test can also be established by using a traceable laser head. This paper describes three flat method in detail along with observations and evaluation of measurement uncertainty as per ISO GUM is also done. Factors contributing to uncertainty of measurement of surface flatness have been indentified and detailed evaluation of uncertainty in measurements has been reported here. 相似文献
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