吉林省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律与分带划分

瓦斯赋存规律认识不清是导致煤矿瓦斯突出灾害频发的根本原因.应用瓦斯赋存地质构造逐级控制理论,结合吉林省煤矿瓦斯地质图编制资料,探讨了吉林省煤矿瓦斯赋存构造控制规律,进行了瓦斯分带划分及特征分析.研究结果表明,成煤后的多期岩浆作用使吉林省煤变质程度普遍加深,生烃能力增强,加之围岩透气性差,是吉林省大部分煤田表现为高瓦斯的主要原因.将吉林省煤矿瓦斯赋存分布划分为4个高突、高瓦斯带和2个瓦斯带,即通化高突瓦斯带、蛟河辽源梅河高突瓦斯带、营城长春高突瓦斯带、万红高瓦斯带、舒兰瓦斯带和长白山瓦斯带.     

新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出特征及控制因素分析

为了掌握煤与瓦斯突出的特征和控制因素,提高煤矿防突工作的针对性,本文通过统计分析了新安煤田内义煤集团的4个煤与瓦斯突出矿井近年来发生的瓦斯动力现象,综合分析得出新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出具有以小型突出为主、突出前有预兆并受作业方式诱导、突出点附近瓦斯质量体积和瓦斯压力高、易发生在掘进工作面和煤层变化带的特征;分析总结了埋藏深度、瓦斯赋存、地质构造、煤层厚度变化、构造软煤、作业工艺是控制新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出的主要因素,为该煤田防治煤与瓦斯突出提供了理论指导.     

新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出特征及控制因素分析

为了掌握煤与瓦斯突出的特征和控制因素,提高煤矿防突工作的针对性,本文通过统计分析了新安煤田内义煤集团的4个煤与瓦斯突出矿井近年来发生的瓦斯动力现象,综合分析得出新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出具有以小型突出为主、突出前有预兆并受作业方式诱导、突出点附近瓦斯质量体积和瓦斯压力高、易发生在掘进工作面和煤层变化带的特征;分析总结了埋藏深度、瓦斯赋存、地质构造、煤层厚度变化、构造软煤、作业工艺是控制新安煤田煤与瓦斯突出的主要因素,为该煤田防治煤与瓦斯突出提供了理论指导.     

司马煤矿瓦斯地质规律研究及突出危险区预测

矿井瓦斯赋存分布规律研究涉及瓦斯风化带的确定和影响煤层瓦斯赋存的主控地质因素两个方面.结合司马煤矿煤层瓦斯情况,运用地质构造控制逐级制理论分析了矿井的瓦斯赋存特征,确定了3号煤层的瓦斯风化带、瓦斯的赋存形式及影响煤层瓦斯赋存的地质因素,揭示了3号煤层瓦斯聚集规律,分析了矿井瓦斯突出危险性指标,运用单项指标法对3号煤层煤与瓦斯突出危险区进行预测,为合理开发利用煤层瓦斯,防治煤与瓦斯突出和今后的安全生产提供了科学依据.     

淮南矿区井田小构造对煤与瓦斯突出的控制作用

井田小构造要素是控制煤与瓦斯突出的主要地质因素,它综合影响其他因素,会造成不同破坏程度的煤体结构.对淮南矿区煤与瓦斯突出点构造资料的统计表明,突出点受构造控制的占近64%,而煤、岩巷中的构造控制突出占近72%,突出点由小断层引起煤层产状及煤体结构强烈揉皱的占100%.淮南矿区煤与瓦斯突出点的构造组合形式分断层构造、断层与褶皱叠加和褶皱构造三类,其中断层组合又分地堑型、阶梯型、断层交汇型、挤压构造型和顺层断层型五种.小构造发育是造成煤与瓦斯突出平面分区性和空间分带性的主要原因,构造煤发育程度是造成煤与瓦斯突出发生的直接原因;必须进一步加强小构造对构造煤发育控制范围的研究,提高煤与瓦斯突出预测预报地质构造指标的可靠性.     

淮南矿区井田小构造对煤与瓦斯突出的控制作用

井田小构造要素是控制煤与瓦斯突出的主要地质因素,它综合影响其他因素,会造成不同破坏程度的煤体结构.对淮南矿区煤与瓦斯突出点构造资料的统计表明,突出点受构造控制的占近64%,而煤、岩巷中的构造控制突出占近72%,突出点由小断层引起煤层产状及煤体结构强烈揉皱的占100%.淮南矿区煤与瓦斯突出点的构造组合形式分断层构造、断层与褶皱叠加和褶皱构造三类,其中断层组合又分地堑型、阶梯型、断层交汇型、挤压构造型和顺层断层型五种.小构造发育是造成煤与瓦斯突出平面分区性和空间分带性的主要原因,构造煤发育程度是造成煤与瓦斯突出发生的直接原因;必须进一步加强小构造对构造煤发育控制范围的研究,提高煤与瓦斯突出预测预报地质构造指标的可靠性.     

利民煤矿煤与瓦斯突出的地质构造条件研究

在对湖南利民煤矿煤与瓦斯弱突出区域、强突出区域和未突出区域的地质构造特征作详细分析后,发现煤层顶底板断-褶构造发育不协调、边界条件不一样,引起Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ各区的应力分布不均匀,构造复杂程度具一定的差异性;同时探讨了构造应力场和煤与瓦斯突出的关系,认为构造应力决定着突出强度的大小,进而控制煤与瓦斯突出的区域、密度、强度的差异性.所得结论为矿区煤与瓦斯突出预测防治提供了理论依据.     

新景矿煤与瓦斯突(喷)出特征及其构造控制

新景矿3号煤层煤与瓦斯突出以小型、频发为特点,严重影响着矿井的安全、有序生产.从矿区地质背景、井田构造特征和突(喷)出点分布状况等方面进行了较系统的分析研究,认为瓦斯突(喷)出易于发生在向斜的轴部附近,次级背、向斜的过渡部位及小断层发育地带.初步总结了矿井瓦斯地质规律,并对未采掘区突(喷)出危险性进行了预测,为矿井瓦斯治理和安全生产提供了依据.     

利民煤矿煤与瓦斯突出的地质构造条件研究

在对湖南利民煤矿煤与瓦斯弱突出区域、强突出区域和未突出区域的地质构造特征作详细分析后 ,发现煤层顶底板断 褶构造发育不协调、边界条件不一样 ,引起Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ各区的应力分布不均匀 ,构造复杂程度具一定的差异性 ;同时探讨了构造应力场和煤与瓦斯突出的关系 ,认为构造应力决定着突出强度的大小 ,进而控制煤与瓦斯突出的区域、密度、强度的差异性 .所得结论为矿区煤与瓦斯突出预测防治提供了理论依据 .     

台吉竖井瓦斯突出控制因素分析及突出区预测

从瓦斯地质理论角度出发,根据台吉竖井地质勘探和瓦斯地质资料的统计分析,揭示了地质构造演化对瓦斯的控制特征,探讨了控制矿井突出的瓦斯地质规律,分析了矿井瓦斯的突出因素,总结出台吉竖井煤与瓦斯突出的地质构造控制特征.指出地质构造演化影响矿井瓦斯的保存和逸散,而断裂构造与岩浆岩的侵入会造成瓦斯的局部聚集,是造成煤与瓦斯突出的两个主要因素,为预测矿井瓦斯突出危险区,防治煤与瓦斯突出和瓦斯治理工作提供了科学依据.     

平顶山十矿煤与瓦斯突出地质因素分析

随着矿井开采深度的增加,煤与瓦斯突出已愈来愈成为影响和制约生产的重要因素.为确保煤矿安全生产,作者对平顶山十矿影响突出煤层瓦斯赋存和突出的地质构造、煤层厚度的变化、煤体结构、埋藏深度等地质因素进行了分析研究,认为:地质条件对煤层瓦斯体积含量和煤与瓦斯突出的分区分带具有明显的控制作用;井田内厚度小于2 m的单一煤层一般不具突出危险性,但随着开采深度的增加有可能发生突出;戊9-10煤层分叉合并线附近为煤与瓦斯突出带,其他煤层分叉合并线附近可能形成煤与瓦斯突出危险带.     

Comparing potentials for gas outburst in a Chinese anthracite and an Australian bituminous coal mine

Gas outbursts in underground mining occur under conditions of high gas desorption rate and gas content, combined with high stress regime, low coal strength and high Young’s modulus. This combination of gas and stress factors occurs more often in deep mining. Hence, as the depth of mining increases, the potential for outburst increases. This study proposes a conceptual model to evaluate outburst potential in terms of an outburst indicator. The model was used to evaluate the potential for gas outburst in two mines, by comparing numerical simulations of gas flow behavior under typical stress regimes in an Australian gassy mine extracting a medium-volatile bituminous coal, and a Chinese gassy coal mine in Qinshui Basin (Shanxi province) extracting anthracite coal. We coupled the stress simulation program (FLAC3D) with the gas simulation program (SIMED II) to compute the stress and gas pressure and gas content distribution following development of a roadway into the targeted coal seams. The data from gas content and stress distribution were then used to quantify the intensity of energy release in the event of an outburst.     

Investigations into the identification and control of outburst risk in Australian underground coal mines

Australian coal mines currently use gas content to assess outburst risk. The gas content threshold values for each mine are indirectly determined from measurement of gas volume liberated from 150 g coal samples during Q_3 residual gas content testing. It has been more than twenty years since this method, known as desorption rate index(DRI), was presented to the Australian coal industry, and in that time, there have been significant changes in mining conditions and the outburst threshold limits used at the benchmark Bulli seam mines. NSW Regulations list matters to be considered in developing control measures to manage the risk of gas outburst, and specifies that gas content, or DRI method, is used as the basis for determining outburst control zone. Whilst Queensland Regulations state that a coal or rock outburst is a high potential incident, there is no guidance provided to assist mine operators to define outburst prone conditions. A research project is planned at UOW to investigate the application of the DRI method and other potentially significant factors, such as gas pressure, coal toughness and permeability, which can be utilised by mine operators to assess outburst risk and determine appropriate outburst threshold limits and controls.     

煤与瓦斯突出在地质构造中的分布及其规律探讨

以华蓥山矿务局历年来发生的１８６次煤与瓦斯突出为例，从地质角度分析了突出与地质构造的关系及分布规律，得出在该矿区的突出矿井中，突出多发生在地质构造变化带及其附近，并分析了在这些区域容易发生突出的原因，为采取有针对性的防范性措施提供了依据。     

Review of coal and gas outburst in Australian underground coal mines

Outburst of coal and gas represents a significant risk to the health and safety of mine personnel working in development and longwall production face areas. There have been over 878 outburst events recorded in twenty-two Australian underground coal mines. Most outburst incidents have been associated with abnormal geological conditions.Details of Australian outburst incidents and mining experience in conditions where gas content was above current threshold levels are presented and discussed. Mining experience suggests that for gas content below 9.0 m³/t, mining in carbon dioxide (CO₂) rich seam gas conditions does not pose a greater risk of outburst than mining in CH₄ rich seam gas conditions. Mining experience also suggests that where no abnormal geological structures are present that mining in areas with gas content greater than the current accepted threshold levels can be undertaken with no discernible increase in outburst risk. The current approach to determining gas content threshold limits in Australian mines has been effective in preventing injury from outburst, however operational experience suggests the current method is overly conservative and in some cases the threshold limits are low to the point that they provide no significant reduction in outburst risk. Other factors that affect outburst risk, such as gas pressure, coal toughness and stress and geological structures are presently not incorporated into outburst threshold limits adopted in Australian mines. These factors and the development of an outburst risk index applicable to Australian underground coal mining conditions are the subject of ongoing research.     

白龙山煤矿一井防突和瓦斯治理工程方案研究

白龙山煤矿一井为国家核准和设计批复在建的大型矿井,按煤与瓦斯突出矿井设计,在建设期间,发生多次煤与瓦斯突出事故。为更有效地预防建设期间的煤与瓦斯突出事故发生,通过事故分析,提出以调整开拓采掘系统部署为基础,系统改善矿井建设安全条件,以强化瓦斯抽采为根本,依托成熟先进的装备和技术,研究和制定适合煤矿赋存条件的防突和瓦斯治理工程方案。     

河北省石灰岩矿区的分布特征

本文从石灰岩矿区的地质构造、矿区带和行政区等方面,对河北省石灰岩矿区分布情况进行了详细分析,通过归纳各方面的分布情况,总结出河北省石灰岩矿区主要分布于太行山山脉及燕山山脉,其中在燕山山脉主要分布于兴隆-平泉及蓟县-迁西-抚宁,在太行山山脉主要赋存于涞源-易县-曲阳-井陉-临城-武安,多属于低山丘陵区。