深锥浓密机刮泥功率的确定及扩能改造功率校核

浓密机是一种基于重力沉降作用的固液分离设备。通过对深锥浓密机的刮泥耙架受力分析,提出了深锥浓密机刮泥功率的计算公式;并以此公式对HRC-9型深锥浓密机扩能改造后原有动力系统进行了功率校核,可为类似工程浓密机刮泥功率校核参考。     

Immunocytochemical study of choline acetyltransferase in Drosophila melanogaster: an analysis of cis-regulatory regions controlling expression in the brain of cDNA-transformed flies

We have analyzed the cis-regulatory regions in the 5' flanking DNA of the Drosophila melanogaster choline acetyltransferase (ChAT; E.C. 2.3.1.6) gene by using germline transformants. These transformants are carrying wild-type ChAT cDNA fused to different lengths of 5' flanking sequence of the ChAT gene. Appropriate genetic crosses were used to introduce the transgene into animals with a presumptive null genetic background for endogenous ChAT. Expression of ChAT protein could thus be attributed exclusively to the transgene. Using a monoclonal antibody against Drosophila ChAT, we have investigated the spatial distribution of transgenic ChAT and compared it to the normal distribution of ChAT protein in wild-type animals. The brains of 7.4 kb cDNA transformants showed a ChAT expression pattern similar to that of wild-type animals in the first- and second-order sensory neuropil but reduced expression in other highly ordered neuropil. Several lines that were transformed with 1.2 kb or 0.8 kb of 5' flanking DNA demonstrated relatively normal expression in sensory neuropil. In addition, these lines also showed ectopic expression in higher order neuropil. In the optic lobe, the expression pattern directed by 7.4 kb of 5' flanking DNA was very similar to that of wild-type ChAT expression. In contrast, 1.2 kb or 0.8 kb transformants showed reduced levels of expression and a more limited pattern of distribution in the optic lobe. Our results suggest that the 5' flanking DNA of the ChAT gene can be divided into several separable positive and negative regulatory regions, which define various subsets of cholinergic neurons in the nervous system.     

Managed community health: an integrated health model

As hospitals and physicians pursue integrated health delivery models, they may be overlooking the most effective locations and partnerships for maintaining and improving health outcomes: those in the community. Since the early 1990s, a St. Louis area group known as the Archbishop's Commission on Community Health has been involved in implementing community-based health and wellness programs and services. The programs have been successful because they focus on keeping people healthy in homes, schools, churches, and neighborhoods. This article describes these holistic approaches that include attention to the physical, mental, social, and spiritual needs of members of the community.     

Enculturation of foreign nurse graduates: an integrated model

Graduates of foreign nursing schools are a unique and valuable resource of the U.S. health care delivery system. Due to inadequate communication skills and a lack of cultural enculturation of many foreign nurse graduates (FNGs), some may not reach their full potential as a professional nurse. Agencies who employ FNGs can greatly improve their integration by providing continuing education to enhance communication and cultural enculturation. This model of a communications skills course addresses all aspects of communication: therapeutic, verbal and non-verbal, while integrating a cultural component. Thus, the implementation of this model can enhance foreign nurse graduates' ability to practice in the U.S. health care system.     

Sources of variability in data from a positive selection lacZ transgenic mouse mutation assay: an interlaboratory study

Experimental features of a positive selection transgenic mouse mutation assay based on a lambda lacZ transgene are considered in detail, with emphasis on results using germ cells as the target tissue. Sources of variability in the experimental protocol that can affect the statistical nature of the observations are examined, with the goal of identifying sources of excess variation in the observed mutant frequencies. The sources include plate-to-plate (within packages), package-to-package (within animals), and animal-to-animal variability. Data from five laboratories are evaluated in detail. Results suggest only scattered patterns of excess variability below the animal-to-animal level, but, generally, significant excess variability at the animal-to-animal level. Using source of variability analyses to guide the choice of statistical methods, control-vs-treatment comparisons are performed for assessing the male germ cell mutagenicity of ethylnitrosourea (ENU), isopropyl methanesulfonate (iPMS), and methyl methanesulfonate (MMS). Results on male germ cell mutagenesis of ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and methylnitrosourea (MNU) are also reported.     

Autocorrelation of integrated power Doppler signals and its application

The integrated power Doppler signal arising from blood flow is a random process. In this article, a general approach to model this random process is studied. Both the theoretical and experimental results show that the temporal autocorrelation function of the integrated power Doppler signals is directly related to properties of the insonified medium, such as the scattering strengths and velocities of all moving scatterers, and as well as the properties of the Doppler imaging system, such as the point spread function (psf) of the power Doppler images. Some initial experiments are performed to test the proposed model. Its potential application for flow measurement, such as perfusion evaluation, is also discussed.     

Prevention of insect-borne disease: an approach using transgenic symbiotic bacteria

Expression of molecules with antiparasitic activity by genetically transformed symbiotic bacteria of disease-transmitting insects may serve as a powerful approach to control certain arthropod-borne diseases. The endosymbiont of the Chagas disease vector, Rhodnius prolixus, has been transformed to express cecropin A, a peptide lethal to the parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi. In insects carrying the transformed bacteria, cecropin A expression results in elimination or reduction in number of T. cruzi. A method has been devised to spread the transgenic bacteria to populations of R. prolixus, in a manner that mimics their natural coprophagous route of symbiont acquisition.     

Effect of cycling experience, aerobic power, and power output on preferred and most economical cycling cadences

To determine the effects of cycling experience, fitness level, and power output on preferred and most economical cycling cadences: 1) the preferred cadence (PC) of 12 male cyclists, 10 male runners, and 10 less-trained male noncyclists was determined at 75, 100, 150, 200, and 250 W for cyclists and runners and 75, 100, 125, 150, and 175 W for the less-trained group; and 2) steady-state aerobic demand was determined at six cadences (50, 65, 80, 95, 110 rpm and PC) at 100, 150, and 200 W for cyclists and runners and 75, 100, and 150 W for less-trained subjects. Cyclists and runners (VO2max: 70.7 +/- 4.1 and 72.5 +/- 2.2 mL.kg-1.min-1, respectively) maintained PC between 90 and 100 rpm at all power outputs and both groups selected similar cadences at each power output. In contrast, the less-trained group (VO2max = 44.2 +/- 2.8 mL.kg-1.min-1) selected lower cadences at all common power outputs and reduced cadence from approximately 80 rpm at 75 W to 65 rpm at 175 W. The preferred cadences of all groups were significantly higher than their respective most economical cadences at all power outputs. Changes in power output had little effect on the most economical cadence, which was between 53.3 and 59.9 rpm, in all groups. It was concluded that cycling experience and minimization of aerobic demand are not critical determinants of PC in well-trained individuals. It was speculated that less-trained noncyclists, who cycled at a higher percentage of VO2max, may have selected lower PC to reduce aerobic demand.     

The output of an 'empty' Tec 3 vaporizer

The output of 30 Tec 3 vaporizers (halothane, enflurane and isoflurane) was studied, starting at the point where no liquid was visible in the content window. At 6 l.min-1 and 1% v/v initial output, consistent delivery was on average maintained for in excess of 90 (range 55-120) min. Thereafter, output declined rapidly. At the flows and concentrations studied there is a significant reserve in the vaporizing chamber, but it is likely that when higher flows and concentrations are used this reserve may be substantially reduced.     

Dependency in psychotherapy: Toward an integrated treatment approach.

Briefly reviews empirical research on the etiology and dynamics of dependency, describes extant theoretical and clinical writings on dependency in psychotherapy, and presents an integrated treatment approach to working with dependent patients in the clinical setting. This treatment approach focuses, first and foremost, on altering the dependent patient's problematic cognitions and self-statements. In addition, this treatment approach strives to alter the dependent patient's motivations, behaviors, and emotional responses, with the aim of facilitating autonomous functioning and encouraging healthy interdependence in interpersonal relationships. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Reticulocyte hemoglobin: an integrated parameter for evaluation of erythropoietic activity

The maturing of telecommunication technologies has ushered in a whole new era of applications and services in the health care environment. Teleworking, teleconsultation, mutlimedia conferencing and medical data distribution are rapidly becoming commonplace in clinical practice. As a result, a set of problems arises, concerning data confidentiality and integrity. Public computer networks, such as the emerging ISDN technology, are vulnerable to eavesdropping. Therefore it is important for telemedicine applications to employ end-to-end encryption mechanisms securing the data channel from unauthorized access of modification. We propose a network access and encryption system that is both economical and easily implemented for integration in developing or existing applications, using well-known and thoroughly tested encryption algorithms. Public-key cryptography is used for session-key exchange, while symmetric algorithms are used for bulk encryption. Mechanisms for session-key generation and exchange are also provided.     

Organizational effectiveness: toward an integrated model for schools of nursing

This study of the caregiving arrangements of 214 disabled elderly people in a large northeastern city found that the recipients of care were severely disabled, particularly in instrumental activities of daily living, yet had limited sources of informal care and used formal services minimally. The authors discuss the need to use a structural adaptation approach and to develop social services that are culturally sensitive and acceptable to both elders and their caregivers.     

GDSVC高低压动静综合无功补偿装置原理及应用

本文分析了国内外各种主要补偿方式的优缺点。结合各种补偿方式的优点,与补偿厂家共同研究出适合大改造供电系统的GDSVC综合无功补偿系统,详细说明了该系统的原理、特点、具体应用方案及效果。     

制造执行系统(MES)的定位

首先从管理过程和制造管理系统沿革的角度讨论了MES与其它系统的区别，然后介绍了集成系统中MES的定位，最后，给出了MES成熟度模型。     

Follicular vascularity--the predictive value of transvaginal power Doppler ultrasonography in an in-vitro fertilization programme: a preliminary study

The glnA gene from the human pathogen Streptococcus agalactiae was cloned from a genomic library prepared with the lambda phage vector lambdaDASHII. A 4.6-kb DNA fragment of one of the recombinant phages was subcloned in pUC18. This Escherichia coli clone expressed a 52-kDa protein encoded by a 1,341-bp open reading frame. The nucleotide sequence of the open reading frame and the deduced amino acid sequence shared a significant degree of homology with the sequences of other glutamine synthetases (GS). The highest homology was between our deduced protein and GS of gram-positive bacteria such as Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, and Staphylococcus aureus. Plasmids with the cloned streptococcal glnA were able to complement E. coli glnA mutants grown on minimal media. Rabbit antisera to streptococcal GS recombinant protein recognized not only the recombinant protein but also a similar-sized band in mutanolysin extracts of all group B streptococcal strains tested, regardless of polysaccharide type or surface protein profile. The amino acid sequence of the deduced protein had similarities to other streptococcal cell-surface-bound proteins. The possible functional role of the immunological features of streptococcal GS is discussed.     

Childhood leukaemia: towards an integrated psychosocial intervention programme in Singapore

Presumably ribosome and transfer RNA (tRNA) evolved from a pre-existing function in the RNA stage of life and were secondarily adapted for protein synthesis. Various possible initial functions of the primitive ribosome (protoribosome) have been suggested. The initial function of the primitive ribosome and primitive genetic translation would have been quite similar. It is possible that, initially, both functions coexisted in the protoribosome. Given that the three-dimensional structure of ribosomal RNAs shows only minor variations throughout time, it is, then, most likely that present ribosomes can still recall (remember) the most important parts of the mechanism of their initial function. A process would have arisen to inactivate the initial function of the protoribosome without affecting genetic translation: the modification of some ribosome nucleosides. We suggest that the modifications of some rRNA nucleosides located in the catalytic center responsible for the initial function of primitive ribosomes, and of some of the tRNA nucleosides which interacted with the same center could have resulted in the inability of their recognition and secondary interaction. Thus, it is a known fact that the establishing of hydrogen bonds between modified nucleosides is rare and unstable. Therefore, the initial biological function of primitive ribosomes could have been inactivated without significantly affecting its three-dimensional structure. Therefore, without affecting the primitive translation. After the emergence of translation, some catalytic proteins (enzymes) which could modify the nucleosides of ribozymes could have arisen. In brief, we suggest that the catalytic proteins, through nucleoside modification, inactivated the catalytic RNA activity but RNA capacity to recognize and to bind other RNAs was not essentially altered. Only a few ribozymes were slightly affected by the modifications and they still maintain catalytic and binding activities. Therefore, we suggest that the proteins, through modification process, could have diminished the diverse functional capacities of the first RNA molecules. Auto-organization of the organic matter could be based on this type of interaction between macromolecules (protein and RNA).     

浅谈综合性电容无功补偿方式在实际中的应用

通过对单一补偿方式的分析，介绍了综合性电容无功补偿方式在实际应用中的效果。     

Technical note: an algebraic method for calculating fecal output from a pulse dose of an external marker

Fecal output estimates derived from a one-compartment, Gamma-2, age-dependent model were compared with estimates derived algebraically by computing the area under the marker excretion curve for lambs given a pulse dose of ytterbium-labeled forage. Lambs were fed one of four diets (as-fed basis): 100% alfalfa hay, 100% prairie hay, 50:50 alfalfa:sorghum grain, and 50:50 prairie hay:sorghum grain. For the one-compartment model, fecal output was calculated as the dose of Yb (micrograms) divided by the initial concentration in the compartment (micrograms of Yb/gram of DM) multiplied by the age-dependent rate constant (hours-1). For the algebraic method, fecal output was calculated as the dose of Yb divided by the area under the marker excretion curve ([micrograms of Yb/gram of fecal DM].hours), both with the full complement of fecal samples and with fecal samples collected at 12-h intervals. Fecal output estimated by the three methods did not differ (P > .15) from measured fecal output (total collection). Marker retention time calculated from the one-compartment, age-dependent model was numerically greater (P > .10) than retention time calculated algebraically (sum of concentration x time divided by sum of concentrations weighted for collection interval) for lambs fed all four diets. These results suggest that the area under the marker excretion curve generated from a pulse dose of Yb-labeled forage will provide estimates of fecal output that do not differ from those calculated from a one-compartment, age-dependent model.     

Ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) during cycling exercises at constant power output

The purpose of the present investigation was to study the overall rating of perceived exertion (RPEov) according to the 6-20 scale proposed by Borg (1970) and muscular RPE (RPEmu) in exercises at constant load. The relationship between RPE and heart rate for three different loads was studied during exhausting exercises in 10 participants. Whether the drift of RPE during a 20 min exercise at constant load could be an index of the endurance time during long-lasting exercises at constant load was also investigated. At 1-week intervals, the participants performed cycling exercises up to exhaustion at 60, 73, and 86% maximal aerobic power (MAP) measured during an incremental test. Heart rate, RPEov, RPEmu and exhaustion time (tlim) were measured. The upward shift of the HRmax-RPE regressions was significant between 86, 73 and 60% MAP (p < 0.001) for RPEov and RPEmu. This result suggests that the equation HR = 10 x RPE proposed by Borg (1973) for incremental exercise is not valid for long-lasting exercise at constant load until exhaustion because the heart rate corresponding to a given RPE depends on load and time. Mean RPE increased linearly with time up to exhaustion. Unexpectedly, the relationships between RPEmu or RPEov and percentage of exhaustion time were similar for exercises at 60 and 73% MAP although the exhaustion times were very different (79.40 +/- 30.64 min versus 36.19 +/- 15.99 min, respectively) (p < 0.001). Consequently, it is likely that RPE was a subjective estimation of the hardness of exercise rather than the intensity of exercise. The RPE pattern at the beginning of long-lasting exercises at constant load (60 and 73% MAP) cannot be considered as a sensitive predictor of the point of self-imposed exhaustion for individuals. Indeed, the errors in the estimation of exhaustion time from extrapolation of RPE at the beginning of exercise were very large. Moreover, at 60% MAP, a steady-state in RPE was observed during 20 min in five subjects whose tlim were not longer than tlim of the other subjects. In addition, the data of the present study indicate that RPEmu could be more useful than RPEov in cycling.